| 释义 |
▪ I. rally, n.1|ˈrælɪ|
[f. rally v.1]
1. a. A rapid reunion for concentrated effort, esp. of an army after repulse or disorganization.
1651Davenant Gondibert i. v. 27 Yet soon with Rallys he reviv'd the warre. 1695Kennett Par. Antiq. iii. 7 After this defeat, and a second unsuccessful rally, they still retir'd. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 96 ⁋15 They yielded at last..with frequent rallies, and sullen submission. 1808Scott Marm. vi. xxv, Recoil and rally, charge and rout. 1865Kingsley Herew. xvii, She told him..of the last rally of the men. 1928Observer 19 Feb. 27/1 In a belated rally Ivor Jones scored and converted his own try for Llanelly.
fig.1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 120 This darting force or rally of stirring springs, is shotten or propagated also.
b. Mil. The signal for rallying.
1897Sir E. Wood Achievem. Cavalry i. 14 A relieving force coming out, the ‘Rally’ was sounded.
2. a. A quick recovery from a state of exhaustion, a renewal of energy, esp. a (temporary) recovery of strength during illness.
1826Scott Jrnl. 24 Sept., I made a rally to-day and wrote four pages. 1855Kane Arct. Expl. (1856) II. v. 63 The constant rally of its energies to meet the calls of the hour. 1896Allbutt's Syst. Med. I. 302 The improvement was but temporary, though the rally might be repeated more than once before death.
b. spec. a rapid rise in share prices after a fall.
1930Economist 22 Nov. 965/1 Despite all the bad news, a rally in prices made some headway after the liquidation of Monday. 1979Daily Tel. 6 Oct. 23/1 The Index fell..to be 478.8 (down 2.6 at 1 p.m.), but some new account demand after the official close of the market brought an encouraging rally to 480.4.
3. a. Theatr. A general mêlée, scramble, or chase, of the characters in a pantomime.
1870J. H. Friswell Mod. Men of Lett. i. 8 Character degenerates to caricature, and fun to pantomimic romp and ‘rally’. 1882W. Ballantine Exper. xxiii. 230 A storm of carrots..and turnips..terminated the act, technically termed, I believe, a ‘general rally’.
b. orig. U.S. A political mass-meeting. Also, a mass-meeting of the supporters of any specified cause.
1840Niles' Reg. 12 Sept. 20/3 Rally of the democracy of Niagara. 1878E. Eggleston Roxy I. v. 58 The grand rally of each party had been held in the village of Luzerne. 1886F. H. Burnett Lit. Ld. Fauntleroy v, He described the Republican Rally in all the glory of its banners. 1921Proc. 3rd Nat. Country Life Conf. 48 Funds for the school are obtained through rallies held in the churches on the fifth Sunday. 1930A. P. Herbert Water Gipsies iii. 27 At an annual rally of the Boy Scouts..the band was playing the National Anthem. 1960M. Laurence in Tamarack Rev. Autumn 8 ‘Hey, you Sabina!’ Mammi Ama shouted. ‘Were you at the rally?’ 1973D. Aarons Unwritten War iii. viii. 129 His passions were literary, not political. He disliked speeches, rallies, meetings.
c. dial. A crowd of persons, a large group.
1837M. Palmer Dialogue in Devonshire Dialect ii. 16 There was a whole rally of us at the Pigeons. 1892S. Hewett Peasant Speech Devon 116 There's a turrabul rally aw'm down there. 1908Daily Chron. 16 Jan. 8/5 There's a whole rally of us driving over in Peter's wagonette.
d. Also rallye [Fr.]. A competitive event for motor vehicles, usu. over a long distance on public roads.
1932Radio Times 29 July 267/1 Some of the big motoring events of the year—the Ulster Motor Rally, [etc.]. 1949C. A. N. May ‘Wheelspin’ Abroad v. 79 There can be no guarantee of a 1949 Rallye actually taking place. 1963P. Drackett Motor Rallying i. 9 The true progenitor of the rally was the reliability trial. 1973E. Lemarchand Let or Hindrance viii. 90 He seemed more interested in cars than in girls. Went to rallies, and so on.
4. a. Boxing. A separate bout. Also, a sustained flurry of blows in a boxing match.
1825Sporting Mag. XVI. 332 The workmen, whose ‘Gee-up’, it seems, was a signal for a ‘rally’. 1829P. Egan Boxiana 2nd Ser. II. 20 A terrible rally was the finishing stroke of the round. 1857Hughes Tom Brown ii. v, The two stand to one another like men; rally follows rally. 1885G. B. Shaw in Mag. of Music Nov. 178/3 Exciting pantomime music to what is called by stage managers and prize-fighters a rally.
b. Lawn Tennis. The series of strokes made by both players between the service and failure to return the ball. Also used in similar games.
1887J. Hamilton A Splendid Rally xiii. 83 Just then the players were in the heat of an exciting ‘rally’. 1899Miles Lessons in Lawn Tennis 82 Something which shall (a) produce a level game..(b) produce good rallies. 1955Times 9 May 15/3 Kershaw was now increasing his own pace of stroke which led to many long rallies [Real Tennis]. 1977‘S. Woods’ Law's Delay iii. 125 [The bell] chimes in the hall... We might not have heard it if we were in the middle of a rally [Table Tennis].
5. attrib. and Comb., as (sense 3 b) rally-goer; (sense 3 d) rally atmosphere, rally car, rally coat, rally driver, rally-driving, rally motorist, rally plate, rally seat, rally wheel, rally winner; rally-bred, rally-prepared, rally-proved, rally-sickened, rally-toughened adjs.
1952W. Leonard Rallies & Races i. 19 We touched the real Rally atmosphere.
1977Belfast Telegraph 17 Jan. 10 (Advt.), Safe rally-bred handling, failsafe disc braking all round, safety cage construction.
1976Morecambe Guardian 7 Dec. 18/7 A young Morecambe man had been drinking and was well over the limit for driving when his high-powered rally car smashed into a tree, an inquest at Preston was told on Tuesday.
1973Perthshire Advertiser 17 Feb. 10/1 (Advt.), Gent's rally coats. Concealed hood. 2 inside pockets.
1952W. Leonard Rallies & Races 14 They are rather nice chaps, these Rally-drivers. 1976Cumberland News 3 Dec. 21/3 Even the hardened rally drivers..said it was the worst spectator behaviour they had ever seen.
1954C. Meisl tr. J. A. Grégoire's Best Wheel Forward 121 The future racing driver passes through three well-defined phases: rally driving, hill climbs and endurance tests. 1973Guardian 26 Jan. 13/1 Monte Carlo Rally drivers..should have been able to check in..on time without having to resort to full-blooded rally driving techniques.
1960Ibid. 11 July 6/7 There were few of the familiar, regular rally-goers.
1955Times 9 Aug. 7/7 In making their cars comfortable living places for several days on end, rally motorists have ‘invented’ several ideas which could add to the comfort and convenience of the ordinary motorist.
1949C. A. N. May ‘Wheelspin’ Abroad iii. 40 One car..carrying the official Rallye plates.
1968Autocar 25 Jan. 30/1 Like all the rally-prepared cars we have tried, the Triumph handled beautifully.
1961Times 5 Oct. 11/6 You get the rally-proved, highly-praised Anglia engine.
1976Liverpool Echo 22 Nov. 15/4 (Advt.), Mini 1000, blue, Rostyle wheels, rally seats etc.
1961Times 4 Aug. 11/6 To visit any of Britain's several hundred rally-sickened villages during the sport's ‘close’ season is an edification that regular rally teams should not miss.
1963P. Drackett Motor Rallying iv. 52 From a rag-bag of memories one recalls the blush brought to the rally-toughened countenance of Gregor Grant.
1966Motor Trends Dec. 52/1 (caption) Our great Rally II wheels... Wider white-walls are available.
1951S. C. H. Davis Rallies & Trials viii. 108 The Rally winner is rarely decided by the acceleration and brake test.
▪ II. rally, n.2 rare.|ˈrælɪ|
[f. rally v.2]
A piece of rallying or banter.
1832in Webster. 1863Cowden Clarke Shaks. Char. xvi. 404 It is after this friendly rally that the grave Merchant..turns to Bassanio.
▪ III. rally, v.1|ˈrælɪ|
Also 6–7 rallie, 7 r'ally, ralley, (ragly).
[ad. F. rallier, f. re- + allier to ally. The form r'ally (as if for re-ally) prob. implies the same stressing as Milton's raˈllied. See also rely, used earlier in the same sense.
The precise sense is not clear in the earliest example, viz.1591Percivall Sp. Dict., Rehazer, to renewe, to rallie.]
I. trans.
1. To reassemble, bring together again (an army or company which has been, or is, scattered). Also with up, back.
1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Rallie, gather together men dispersed, and out of order. 1632Massinger Maid of Hon. i. i, The great Gonzaga,..rallying up Her scattered troops. 1723De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 238 Their troops, being rallied by the dexterity of their generals, came on again to the charge. 1824Campbell Theodric 348 Oh! were he there..to rally back One broken band. 1868E. Edwards Ralegh I. xxv. 622 Young Ralegh was the first to rally his men under the unexpected charge.
2. a. To collect, bring together (persons) to one's assistance or for concentrated action.
1603Florio Montaigne i. Ded., Yet did your honoured name r'ally to my succour the forces of two deare friends. 1678Earl of Lindsey in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. v. 50, I make no question butt your Lordship too will rally your friends. 1874Green Short Hist. vii. §2. 361 Even this blow failed to rally the Country round the Queen. 1883Manch. Exam. 1 Dec. 5/2 He does not believe that the Mahdi will rally to his banners the pure Arab tribes.
†b. To collect (things). Obs.
1643Caryl Sacr. Covt. 7 The Lord doth r'ally all the promises of mercy made to us, which lie scattered. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 131 To rally together all those sparks of life, that lay asunder in a clammy dew.
c. To drive (cattle) in a close herd. rare—1.
1889‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms (1890) 31 Now you rally the cattle well after me.
3. To drive (a vehicle) in a motor rally. colloq.
1969Guardian 18 Aug. 10/2 He drove it around, occasionally attending vintage meetings, but never rallying the car. 1976L. Deighton Twinkle, Twinkle Little Spy xxii. 220 You want to buy a car?.. One owner. Never raced or rallied. 1977Drive Sept.–Oct. 113/1 The punter-hunter fills his advert with euphemisms. Such as: 1974 model made in 1973;..never raced nor rallied.
4. a. To concentrate or revive (a faculty, etc.) by a strong effort of the will. Also with up.
1667Milton P.L. vi. 786 His hapless Foes..to rebellious fight rallied thir Powers. 1702J. Logan in Pa. Hist. Soc. Mem. IX. 157, I can say no more,..having rallied my memory for that to the utmost. a1716South Serm. (1823) IV. 371 Let a man rally up his best attention, his severest and exactest thoughts. 1791Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest ii, She rallied her drooping spirits. 1837Prescott Ferd. & Is. ii. vii. 542 He rallied his strength for a final blow. a1859Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxv. V. 288 He rallied the last energies of his failing body and mind.
b. To pull together, revive, rouse, stimulate (a person or animal).
1790Burns Tam o' Shanter 191 Scarcely had he Maggie rallied, When out the hellish legion sallied. 1832R. & J. Lander Exped. Niger I. vii. 261, I endeavoured..to rally him, but he was scarcely able to stand. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xvi. 188 They were sinking with fatigue and hunger, and could hardly be rallied enough to tell us the direction.
refl.1818Scott Br. Lamm. xxii, The Lord Keeper with difficulty rallied himself so far as to explain. 1863Mrs. Gaskell Sylvia's L. xxxiv. III. 85 Philip rallied himself, and tried to speak up to the old standard of respectability.
c. Boxing. To attack vigorously.
1812Sporting Mag. XXXIX. 139 Molineux rallied him with quickness.
d. Sporting. To harry.
1808P. Hawker Diary (1893) I. 12 While the others rallied his covers.
II. intr.
5. a. To come together again, to reassemble, esp. in order to renew the conflict; to return in a body to the fray or contest.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. i. v. §12 This Conquerour..now routed the Remnant, which began to ralley and make head again. a1680Butler Eleph. in Moon 83 The Battle's desperately fought: The gallant Subvolvani rally. 1723De Foe Col. Jack (1840) 237 The battalions rallied and came boldly on to charge a second time. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) III. 384 The dogs..instantly turn tail,..and no exhortations can ever bring them to rally. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. v. I. 583 The Whigs, few and weak as they were, attempted to rally. 1887Bowen Virg. æneid ii. 716 Severed asunder at starting, we there shall rally at last.
b. Of a single person: To return and renew the attack; spec. in Boxing. (Cf. rally n.1 4 a.)
1813H. & J. Smith Horace in Lond. 21 Long may'st thou rally, hit, and stop.
†6. Of things: To come together, to collect.
a1694Tillotson Serm. (1728) I. 17 Innumerable parts of matter chanc'd just then to rally together, and to form themselves into this new world.
7. a. Of persons: To come together in a body; to unite for a common purpose, esp. to assist or support some one. Usu. const. round.
1818Cobbett Pol. Reg. XXXIII. 106 The people would have rallied round the Bill. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 263 The majority of the upper and middle classes hastened to rally round the throne. 1853J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) II. i. iv. 174 The veterans of Sylla..refused to rally round Pompey in his war with Cæsar. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt I. iii. 87 People were told they must ‘rally’ at the coming election. 1905R. Fry Let. 21 Jan. (1972) I. 233, I find that these people will rally and do all they can. 1915J. Webster Dear Enemy 201 His friends rallied about the babies, sold..the studio fittings..paid off the debts. 1940‘N. Blake’ Malice in Wonderland ii. ix. 123 Those who were loudest..are now..the first to rally round. 1963P. Willmott Evolution of Community vii. 75 When one of the neighbour's children married a little while ago we all rallied round. 1978J. Barnett Head of Force iii. 19 The demonstrators marched..to Trafalgar Square where they planned to rally, sing the National Anthem and dismiss.
b. Const. to. (Also said of a single person.)
1879G. Barnett Smith Life Gladstone I. iv. 85 Mr. Gladstone, amongst others, rallied to the support of the Government. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. I. xi. 142 Some of these senators..rally to the cry.
c. to rally round the flag: of a group, to demonstrate loyalty to a cause, as at a moment of impending danger. Also as attrib. phr. U.S. (orig. in Civil War use).
1862G. F. Root Battle Cry of Freedom (song) 3 Yes we'll rally round the flag, boys, we'll rally once again, Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom. 1957M. Shulman (title) Rally round the flag, boys! 1964New Yorker 4 Jan. 77 Much of the book is written in a tough, choppy, emotional style, but this approach disguises a spurious rally-round-the-flag vision. 1968Listener 8 Feb. 164/2 The immediate reaction of the American people is to rally round the flag and demand that its honour be upheld.
8. a. To revive, recover, acquire or assume fresh vigour or energy.
1744Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. vi. 60 After the first Mowing..they do not rally, as we call it, i.e. they do not grow again to much Profit. 1792H. Newdigate Let. Feb. in A. E. Newdigate-Newdegate Cheverels (1898) viii. 111 Sally Rally'd last night and sang Charmingly. 1840Macaulay Ess., Ranke's Hist. (1851) II. 144 Catholicism had rallied, and had driven back Protestantism even to the German Ocean. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) III. xi. 9 At last his flagging powers rallied. 1878Browning Poets Croisic xlix, The red fire..winks, Rallies, relapses, dwindles.
b. To recover in part from an illness.
1853Mrs. Carlyle Lett. (1883) II. 220 Dr. Carlyle thinks it probable enough she may not rally again. 1855Thackeray Newcomes II. 160 She never rallied, or, we believe, spoke, after the first fatal seizure. 1880McCarthy Own Time IV. lvi. 209 He rallied indeed and grew much better.
c. To recover from some misfortune.
1863Sat. Rev. 8 Aug. 173/1 It is possible that the Confederates may rally from their heavy disasters.
▪ IV. rally, v.2|ˈrælɪ|
[ad. F. railler, of uncertain origin: cf. rail v.4 and railly v.]
1. trans. To treat or assail with banter, pleasantry, or good-humoured ridicule; to make fun or game of.
a. a thing. ? Obs.
1679Oldham Adv. Satyr on Jesuits Wks. (1686) 1 The gravest Fathers have rallied the fopperies and superstitions of the Heathen. 1713Swift Cadenus & Vanessa, They rally'd next Vanessa's dress. 1716Town Talk 6 Jan. (1790) 40 The sanguine temper which precipitates people into excesses..was most admirably rallied in an Epilogue.
b. a person.
1691Bentley Phal. xi. (1699) 298 Euripides..is pleasantly burlesqu'd and rally'd on this very account. 1770Langhorne Plutarch (1879) I. 132/2 He rallied Simonides for his absurdity. 1806–7J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life (1826) xi. Sigh 3, Being rallied by a facetious gentleman. 1878G. Macdonald Phantastes II. xiii. 4 Rallied by his fellow-students On his wretched looks.
c. With complement.
1668Sedley Mulb. Gard. v. Wks. 1722 II. 71 'Twas only a Trick he put upon us, and let's rally it off. 1782F. Burney Cecilia ix. xi, I will not..be rallied from my purpose. 1788Wesley Wks. (1872) VII. 22 These..reason, and rally, and laugh you out of it.
2. absol. or intr. To employ banter or pleasantry against one. Also const. at, with (a person), upon (a thing). ? Obs.
1668Shadwell Sullen Lovers i. i, Sure you rally with me all this while. 1676D'Urfey Mad. Fickle ii. i, I see Madam you are disposed to rally. 1758C. Lennox Henrietta ii. v. (1761) I. 130, I could not help humorously rallying upon some of her notions. 1792Elvina II. 185 She would have rallied, but he stopped her short.
▪ V. ˈrally, v.3 dial.
Also 8 ralley.
[? Echoic.]
intr. To make a loud or sharp noise.
1728Calendar Virginia State Papers (1875) I. 215 We were like a sow that had lost her pigs, would ralley for a little time and then have done. 1821Clare Vill. Minstr. I. 29 All in chorus rallied out amain. 1894S.-E. Worcestersh. Gloss., Rally, to crack or ‘smack’ a whip. |