| 释义 |
Daniell|ˈdænjəl|
[The name of John Frederic Daniell, English physicist (1790–1845).]
a. Used attrib. or in the possessive to designate inventions of Daniell or their modifications, as Daniell('s) battery or cell, a cell in which the cathode is zinc in either dilute sulphuric acid or a solution of zinc sulphate and the anode is copper in a saturated solution of copper sulphate, with the zinc sulphate solution either floating on top of the copper sulphate solution or separated from it by a porous plate; also Daniell's hygrometer.
1840Phil. Trans. R. Soc. CXXX. i. 191 Five cells of Professor Daniell's constant battery were charged and connected with the electro-magnetic machine. 1863E. Atkinson tr. Ganot's Physics vi. vi. 269 There are many sources of error in Daniell's hygrometer. Ibid. x. i. 609 The current produced by a Daniell's battery is constant for some hours. 1884F. Krohn tr. Glaser de Cew's Magn.- & Dyn.-Electr. Mach. 233 If the instrument were always graduated with a Daniell cell. 1948Glasstone Physical Chem. (ed. 2) xii. 934 In the familiar Daniell cell..the metallic zinc at the left-hand electrode passes into solution as zinc ions, liberating two electrons. 1955H. L. Penman Humidity iv. 28 Daniell's hygrometer (1827), where the cooling is produced by forced evaporation of ether. 1957Encycl. Brit. III. 216/1 The Daniell cell has an open-circuit voltage of about 1·08.
b. Used ellipt. for Daniell cell.
1871Engl. Mechanic 430/2 The improved Daniell devised by me. 1878Encycl. Brit. VIII. 93/2 The sawdust Daniell, invented by Sir Wm. Thomson (1858), is very convenient when portability is desired. 1922Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics II. 70/2 Kelvin's tray battery, which is a form of gravity Daniell, has been largely used in submarine telegraphy. |