| 释义 |
cymbal|ˈsɪmbəl|
Forms: 1 cim-, cymbal, 4–6 symbal, 5 cym-, symbale, cimbelle, 6 cimbal, 6–7 cymball, 4– cymbal.
[ad. L. cymbalum, a. Gr. κύµβαλον, deriv. of κύµβη hollow of a vessel, cup. In OE. directly from L.; in ME. partly through OF. cymble, in 15th c. cymbale, the latter a learned adaptation of the L. word.]
1. a. One of a pair of concave plates of brass or bronze, which are struck together to produce a sharp ringing sound. Also used singly and struck with a drumstick or the like.
Till late in the 18th c. apparently known only as the name of ancient and foreign instruments of the type described (esp. as mentioned in the Bible).
c825Vesp. Psalter cl. 5 Herᵹað hine in cymbalan bel hleoðriendum herᵹað in cimbalan wynsumnisse. c1000Sax. Leechd. III. 202 Cimbalan oððe psalteras oððe strengas. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1415 Symbales & sonetez sware þe noyse. 1382Wyclif 1 Cor. xiii. 1, I am maad as bras sownnynge, or a symbal [1388 cymbal] tynkynge. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. cxlii. (1495) 946 Cymbales.. ben smytte togider and sowneth and ryngeth. 1535Coverdale Ps. cl. 3 Prayse him in the cymbals and daunse. 1553Eden Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.) 14 A great noyse of cimbals, drumslades, timbrelles, shames..and diuerse other musical instrumentes. 1607Shakes. Cor. v. iv. 53 The Trumpets, Sackbuts, Psalteries, and Fifes, Tabors, and Symboles, and the showting Romans. 1629Milton Christ's Nativity 208 In vain with cymbals' ring They call the grisly king. 1795Southey Occas. Pieces ii, It is the funeral march..Hark! from the blacken'd cymbal that dead tone! a1839Praed Poems II. 331 Hark to the cymbal, and the bellowing drum! 1934E. Little Mod. Rhythmic Drumming 17 The cymbal should be struck with that part of the stick at a point about half-way between the fingers and the tip. 1959Westrup & Harrison Collins Mus. Encycl. 174 There are also two ways of using a single cymbal: (a) hitting it with a stick, hard or soft, in the manner of a gong, (b) performing a roll on it with timpani or side-drum sticks. 1961J. Blades in A. Baines Mus. Instruments xiv. 340 In modern works in general, an additional cymbal suspended on a stand..is necessary.
b. fig. (with reference to 1 Cor. xiii. 1).
1874Helps Soc. Press. xv. 217, I often wonder at the sort of passionate delight which Milverton, and people like him, have in the tinkling of cymbals.
2. Formerly applied loosely or ignorantly to other musical instruments.
1727–51Chambers Cycl. s.v., The modern cymbal is a paltry instrument, chiefly in use among vagrants, gypsies, etc. It consists of steel wire, in a triangular form, whereon are passed five rings, which are touched and shifted along the triangle with an iron rod held in the left hand. 1745J. G. Cooper Power Harmony i. (R.), Let but the tuneful rod On brazen Cymbal strike. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour III. 160 It took me just five months to learn the—cymbal, if you please—the hurdy-gurdy ain't it's right name.
3. A kind of stop on an organ.
1852Seidel Organ 174 In large organs the great organ often contains both a mixture and a cymbal, the latter with more ranks than the former. 1876J. Hiles Catech. Organ x. (1878) 76 Cymbel, the most acute of the Mixture stops, and formed exclusively of octaves.
4. A sort of spongy cake or doughnut. U.S. local.
1860in Worcester. 1867O. W. Holmes Guardian Angel xix, The genteel form of doughnut called in the native dialect cymbal..which graced the board with its plastic forms.
5. attrib. and Comb., as cymbal-beating, cymbal-player, cymbal-tinkler; † cymbal doctor, a teacher who gives forth an empty sound (cf. 1 Cor. xiii. 1).
1649Milton Eikon. viii. (1851) 395 How much he was the Disciple of those Cymbal Doctors. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. I. vii. xi. 351 Roman triumphs and ovations, Cabiric cymbal-beatings. 1889Furnivall in Pall Mall G. 14 Dec. 2/1 Some talk and writing of a certain cymbal-tinkler being a greater poet..than Browning.
Hence (chiefly nonce-wds.) ˈcymbal v., to play on cymbals; ˈcymbaled ppl. a., (a) furnished with cymbals; (b) produced or accompanied by cymbals; ˈcymballing vbl. n., playing on cymbals. cymbaˈleer, -lier [F. cymbalier], a cymbalist. Also cymˈbalics, music produced by cymbals. ˈcymbaline a., cymbal-like. ˈcymbalist, ˈcymballer, a player on the cymbals.
c1340Cursor M. 13140 (Trin.) Before þe kyng in his palaise..She cymbaled tomblyng wiþalle. 1864Carlyle Fredk. Gt. xii. ix, With pomp and professional cymballing. 1847Tennyson Princess v. 500 Among the statues, statuelike, Between a cymbal'd Miriam and a Jael. 1861Lytton & Fane Tannhäuser 22 Cymbal'd music. 1836F. Mahoney Rel. Father Prout, Songs of France iv. (1859) 309 Now come the cymbaleers. 1859Sala Tw. round Clock (1861) 279 Brassy screeds, and tinkling cymbalics. 1878E. Jenkins Haverholme 224 The cymbaline clatter of the Turcophile Gazette. 1656Blount Glossogr., Cymbalist, he that plays on the Cymbals. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 349 One of the Duke of York's black cymbalists. c1878Oxford Bible-Helps 239 David appointed Asaph chief of the cymbalists. 1879E. Arnold Lt. Asia (1883) 47 A chosen band Of nautch girls, cup-bearers, and cymballers. |