| 释义 |
▪ I. squid, n.|skwɪd|
Also 7 squide.
[Of obscure origin.]
1. One or other of various species of cephalopods belonging to the family Loliginidæ, Teuthididæ, or Sepiidæ, more esp. to the genus Loligo; a calamary, cuttle, or pen-fish:
a. With a and pl.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 747 Smelts and Squids..come on shore in great abundance, fleeing from the deuouring cod. 1620Mason Newfoundland 5 What should I speake of..Squides a rare kind of fish at his mouth squirting mattere forth like Inke. 1791Phil. Trans. LXXXI. 44, I send you..some of the bills of the fish called Squids (which are supposed to be the food of spermaceti whales). 1809Naval Chron. XXI. 22 Squids, a squalid kind of fish. 1863Couch Brit. Fishes II. 46 From one example I took two Gobies and a Launce: from another a Squid, (Loligo media), five inches in length. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 27 Hunting for crabs, shrimps, squids, and other invertebrate animals.
b. With the, in generic use.
1839T. Beale Hist. Sperm Whale 34 An animal of the cuttle-fish kind, called by sailors the ‘squid’, and by naturalists the ‘sepia octopus’. 1859Huxley in Macm. Mag. I. 145 ‘Loligo,’ the squid of modern seas, appears in the lias, or at the bottom of the mesozoic series. 1880in Morris Austral Eng. (1898) 435 The squid (Sepioteuthis australis) is highly appreciated.
c. Without article, esp. as a bait or food-stuff.
1865Thoreau Cape Cod vi. 107 Their bait was a bullfrog or several small frogs in a bunch, for want of squid. 1880I. L. Bird Japan II. 213 These lights are much used in fishing, specially for squid. 1883Cassell's Fam. Mag. July 469/1 Neat little cuttle-fish..are dried whole, for inland carriage, and others are salted and sold as squid.
d. Also with capital initial. A ship-mounted anti-submarine mortar with three barrels, developed in the war of 1939–45.
1947Crowther & Whiddington Science at War iv. 160 A three-barrelled mortar for throwing three projectiles each was developed, and named the Squid... The expenditure of ammunition required to sink a U-boat with the Squid was very much less than with depth charges. The production of the Squid was ordered direct from the drawing board in the urgency of the situation in 1943. 1962W. Granville Dict. Sailors' Slang 112/2 Squid box, housing of a squid, a triple-barrelled mortar for firing depth charges. It is placed on the sterns of destroyers and frigates. 1973J. Quick Dict. Weapons 418/3 Squid, a British shipborne surface-to-sub-surface medium-range antisubmarine mortar system. A triple-barreled mortar fires a pattern of three mortar bombs which are programmed to give a three dimensional explosive pattern ahead of the target.
2. With distinguishing terms, denoting various species.
1840F. D. Bennett Whaling Voy. I. 269 The flying-squid rose from the sea in large flocks. 1851S. P. Woodward Mollusca i. (1856) 73 The sailors call them ‘sea-arrows’ or ‘flying squid’ from their habit of leaping out of the water. 1861Chambers's Encycl. II. 724/2 The Hook-squids of the South Seas.
3. a. A squid-bill (see quot.).
1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) I. 334 The mass is usually loaded with hard bony fragments, by the seamen called squids, which are the beaks of the cuttle-fish, on which the whale is known to feed.
b. bone-squid, an artificial bait made to imitate a squid.
1883Cent. Mag. 383 Whether spoon-bait, bone-squid or other like lure.
4. A stable configuration of a parachute which is only partially extended.
1947Techn. Rep. Aeronaut. Res. Comm. 1946 II. 1465 If a parachute is released into an airstream and its speed relative to the air is greater than a certain critical speed, it will not open fully. Instead it will take up a dynamically-stable partly-open shape known as a ‘squid’. 1949Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. LIII. 1055/1 For a parachute in a steady squid state, the inflow to the canopy equals the outflow.
5. attrib. and Comb., as squid-beak, squid-bill, squid-family, squid line, squid school, squid-tentacle; squid-catching, squid-jigging; squid fish, = sense 1; squid-hound (see quots.); also attrib.; squid jig, -jigger, -thrower (see quots.).
1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 18 *Squid-beaks enough to fill two water-buckets were taken from the stomach.
Ibid. 11 note, As *squid-bills are sometimes found in the lumps of ambergrease, it may be inferred, that ambergrease is some of the excrement from squid-food.
1881Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 170 In many stations more than a dozen boats are engaged in *Squid-catching.
1883in Morris Austral Eng. (1898) 435 None of the *Squid family seems to be sought after, although certain kinds are somewhat abundant in our waters.
1725Phil. Trans. XXXIII. 262 The Sperma Ceti Whale, besides other Fish, feeds much upon a small Fish that has a Bill; our Fishermen call them *Squid Fish. 1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 11 note, Squid-fish, one of the Newfoundland baits for cod, are sometimes in Newfoundland cast ashore in quantities.
1794A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. (1968) xiii. 183 Whenever Squids are found is also found a Fish called Jumpers, or *Squid Hounds, from the avidity with which they pursue and eat squids. 1812Southey Omniana I. 274 Accounts of the squid-hound from people who have been on the southern whale fishery. 1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 425 The Striped Bass... Large sea-going individuals are sometimes known in New England by the names ‘Green-head’ and ‘Squid-hound’. 1934E. Reynard Narrow Land v. 250 Hut moved fast, almost as fast as the squidhound bass.
1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 195 *Squid jigs used by Grand Bank Cod fishermen in the capture of squid for bait.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2295/2 *Squid-jigger, a trolling-hook for catching squids for bait.
1881Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 710 The fishermen go out in punts *Squid-jigging of an evening, to catch bait required for the next day's fishing.
1867F. H. Ludlow Little Brothers 96 He can man his main-sheet with one hand, feel his *squid line with the other, and tend his tiller between his knees.
1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 201 The ‘*Squid School’ of Nantucket and other parts of the coast.
1897Kipling Capt. Cour. 145 A little shiny piece of *squid-tentacle at the tip of a clam-baited hook.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2295/2 *Squid-thrower, a device..for throwing a fishing-line seaward, carrying the squid-bait.
Sense 5 in Dict. becomes 6. Add: 5. A lead disc used as a puck in the game of octopush.
1969Triton Apr. 58/1 Octopush—the Rules 1. The squid must never be handled whilst a match is in play. 1971Observer 23 May 19/2 (caption) Octopush..the name of the game for skindivers. Players try to push a lead puck (called a squid) through the other team's goal (gulley). 1985Daily Tel. 24 June 20/4 (caption) Players use masks, fins and snorkels as they move a lead weight (the squid) about on the bottom of the pool with wooden or plastic pushers. 1988Observer 3 Apr. 17/1 Two teams of eight swimmers armed with wooden pushers attempt to propel a 3lb lead disc, or squid, along the bottom of a swimming pool and into their opponents' goal.
▪ II. squid, v.
[f. squid n.1]
1. intr. To fish with squid-bait. U.S.
a1859in Bartlett Dict. Amer. (1859) 442 The bluefish is taken by squidding in swift tideways.
2. Of a parachute: to achieve a stable configuration when only partially extended.
1943Rep. & Mem. Aeronaut. Res. Council No. 2119. 4 A non-porous parachute will not squid. 1951W. D. Brown Parachutes vii. 68 The mouth of the canopy will begin to collapse inward, and the parachute will squid. 1956W. A. Heflin U.S.A.F. Dict. 148/1 Critical closing speed, in wind-tunnel tests, the airspeed at which an open parachute begins to squid, i.e. close or collapse into longitudinal shape.
Hence ˈsquidded ppl. a.; ˈsquidding vbl. n.
1894Outing XXIV. 54/1 The fly-fisher scoffs at squidding, trolling, bait-fishing, spearing and at..everything save fly-fishing. 1943Rep. & Mem. Aeronaut. Res. Council No. 2119. 1 Squidding obviously may be a source of trouble in applications of parachutes. Ibid. 5 If a parachute is taken in the squidded condition and the air-speed reduced, the effective permeability of the canopy falls. 1969J. Gardner Founder Member viii. 132 A parachute training instructor went over all the elementary lessons..recalling things like critical speeds, oscillation and squidding. |