| 释义 |
spirituality|ˌspɪrɪtjuːˈælɪtɪ|
Also 5 spiritualite(e, 5–7 -alitie, 6 -allitie, -elity; 6 spyrytualite, 7 spirittuality.
[a. OF. (e)spiritualité, -alleté (mod.F. spiritualité, = It. spiritualità, Sp. espiritualidad, Pg. -idade), or ad. late L. spīrituālitās, f. spīrituālis spiritual a.: see -ity, and cf. spiritualty.]
1. The body of spiritual or ecclesiastical persons; = spiritualty 3. Now Hist.
c1441Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 207, I come before the spiritualite; Two cardynals, and byshoppis fyve [etc.]. 1513Life Henry V (1911) 23 Intendinge to oppresse the church, the spirituallitie, the Kinge and the realme. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. ii. (1882) 67 The corruptions and abuses of the spiritualitie, or (as some call it) of the ecclesiasticall hierarchie. 1625Purchas Pilgrims II. 1753 This exchange commeth most commonly from the Spiritualitie, who doe secretly use it. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xxvi. 255 He blamed both spirituality and laity. 1825Scott Betrothed xviii, You of the spirituality make us laymen the pack-horses of your own concerns. 1900Gasquet Eve Ref. iii. (1905) 58 According to the lawyer, it should be the owner of the soil who should apportion the payment, and failing him, the Parliament, and not the spirituality.
b. A spiritual society.
1854T. C. Upham Life Mme. Guyon xxxiv. 293 She was considered the head of the new spirituality.
2. That which has a spiritual character; ecclesiastical property or revenue held or received in return for spiritual services. Now arch.
1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 105 All the grettest thingis that ar belangand the governance of bathe temporalitee and spiritualitee ar to be knawin and kend be the pape. 1468–9Inchaffray Charters (S.H.S.) 159 Quhat tym we the saide georg Abbat beis admittit be our Juge ordinare to the spiritualite ande be our souerane lord the king to the temporalite of the said Abbisse. 1651[see temporalty 1]. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xxvi. 270 In the First Year of the Queen, the Supreme Government over her Spirituality and Temporality, was given to her. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xliii, The said incumbent might lawfully enjoy the spirituality and temporality of the cure of souls at Knocktarlitie.
b. pl. Spiritual or ecclesiastical things; ecclesiastical possessions, rights, etc., of a purely spiritual character; = spiritualty 2 b. Now Hist.
1417in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. I. 61 The Gardeins of the spirituallities of Ardmaghe. 1570Act 13 Eliz. c. 12 §1 Parlyament..shall bryng from such Bysshop or Gardyan of Spyritualities [v.r. Spyrytualtyes]..a testimoniall of such Assent. 1635E. Pagitt Christianogr. i. iii. (1636) 187 Who doe extoll the Pope..not onely..in spiritualities, but also in Temporalities. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 433 So these pretended Successours of Peter..have notoriously imitated that example of Simon in buying and selling Spiritualities. 1726Ayliffe Parergon 200 They are Guardians of the Spiritualities during the Vacancy of the Bishoprick. 1727Willis Surv. Cathedr., Durham 232 The Temporalities of Durham are valued at 1233l. 4s. 2d. and the Spiritualities at 494l. 19s. 3d. 1809Bawdwen Domesday Bk. 7 The King [has no right] in the manors of the Earl, excepting what relates to Spiritualities which belong to the Archbishop, in all the land of St. Peter of York. 1874Stubbs Const. Hist. I. xiv. 140 Their spiritualities, the tithes and oblations, were not to be taxed.
3. The quality or condition of being spiritual; attachment to or regard for things of the spirit as opposed to material or worldly interests.
1500–20Dunbar Poems lxxxiv. 45 Sum spark of licht and spiritualitie Walkins my witt, and ressoun bidis me rys. 1641R. Brooke Eng. Episc. 7 If you then consider the quantity, the variety, the spirituality, of the Ministeriall worke under the Gospell. 1675Owen Indwelling Sin iv. (1732) 35 The more of Spirituality and Holiness is in any Thing, the greater is its Enmity. 1753Challoner Cath. Chr. Instr. 177 His Life is written by the great St. Athanasius, and is full of excellent Lessons of Spirituality. 1787Cowper Lett. Wks. 1837 XV. 194 That spirituality which once enlivened all our intercourse. 1808Jebb Corr. w. Knox (1834) I. 403 Prayer is, undoubtedly, the life and soul of spirituality. 1852C. M. Yonge Cameos (1877) III. xxxiii. 340 Painting, which had hitherto aimed chiefly at spirituality,..now made nature and beauty its primary object. 1883H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spir. W. ii. (1884) 89 No spiritual man ever claims that his spirituality is his own.
b. Spiritual character or function.
1661Burney κέρδ. Δῶρον 15 A King for his spirituality is properly and Hieroglyphically to be pourtrayed half in Heaven..and part on the Earth.
c. With a and pl. A spiritual thing or quality as distinct from a material or worldly one; † a pious remark or saying.
1676Life Father Sarpi in Brent's Counc. Trent 73 He was never known to use any hypocritical actions,..not to speak with affected Spiritualities. 1840Carlyle Heroes iii. (1904) 114 Apart from spiritualities; and considering him [Shakspere] merely as a real, marketable..possession. 1855W. H. Mill Applic. Panth. Princ. (1861) 46 If..the so⁓called spiritualities which he alleges be the main inducement offered to the Christian.
†4. An immaterial or incorporeal thing or substance; a spirit. Also fig. Obs.
1628T. Spencer Logick 207 That includeth a corporall substance, and a spiritualitie, called life. 1664Power Exp. Philos. iii. 155 Might not such Microscopes hazard the discovery of the Aerial Genii, and present even Spiritualities to our view? 1825J. Neal Bro. Jonathan III. 428 The very dogs were lying about..as if they were..a species of new, four-footed spirituality.
†5. The fact or state of being spirituous or of consisting of pure spirit; volatile state or quality.
1644Digby Nat. Bodies xxvi. 240 The heate and spirituality of the bloud. 1660tr. Paracelsus' Archidoxis i. i. 8 Medicine doth mundifie bodies, in whom is a spirituality. 1678R. R[ussell] tr. Geber i. x. 17 Luna or Silver is subtiliated and attenuated and reduced to Spirituality as above said.
6. The fact or condition of being spirit or of consisting of an incorporeal essence.
1681–6J. Scott Chr. Life ii. vii. (1718) 543 They who are to be judged being, by reason of their spirituality, in a Condition to attend to every one's Trial while they are undergoing their own. a1708Beveridge Thes. Theol. (1711) II. 336 We must celebrate..God's spirituality..by serving Him in spirit. 1871Tylor Prim. Cult. II. 372 Such morbid disturbances are explained as symptoms of divine visitation, or at least of superhuman spirituality. 1884J. Tait Mind in Matter Introd. 5 That He is invisible is accounted for by His spirituality. |