| 释义 |
specifically, adv.|spɛˈsɪfɪkəlɪ, spə-|
[f. as prec.]
1. In respect of specific or inherent qualities:
a. Of likeness or difference.
1624Gataker Transubst. 48 One thing is said to be another, which cannot be individually or specifically the same. 1628T. Spencer Logick 209 This hath one kinde of forme, that hath another, therefore this doth specifically differ from that. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. Pref. 14 There is a substance specifically distinct from body. 1785Reid Intell. Powers vi. i. 414 Judgement is an act of the mind, specifically different from simple apprehension. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. xi. (1860) 370 During the newer Pliocene period,..and whilst the majority of the inhabitants of the world were specifically the same as now. 1877E. R. Conder Basis Faith iv. 182 Other minds generically like, but specifically unlike, my own.
b. Of comparative weight.
1692Bentley Boyle Lect. iv. 10 If an Axhead be supposed to float upon water, which is specifically much lighter than it. 1725Family Dict. s.v. Pores, If they had not [pores], all Bodies would be alike specifically weighty. 1774Pennant Tour Scotl. in 1772, 331 The waters are said to be specifically lighter than most others. 1800Vince Hydrost. vii. (1806) 78 The vapours..become specifically heavier than the medium wherein they floated. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 152 The cold water becoming specifically lighter and rising to the surface.
c. In other contexts.
a1676Hale Prim. Orig. Man. i. ii. (1677) 44, I shall not at large discuss those Faculties and Organs which he hath in common with Vegetables and Brutes, but those only that belong to him specifically as Man. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. iii. 54 The gesture language appears not to be specifically affected by differences in the race or climate of those who use it. 1894J. Denney Stud. Theol. v. 103 This conjunction of ideas is specially but not specifically Pauline.
2. In a specific or definite form or manner.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 95 [They] seem specifically and in regular shapes to attend the corruption of their bodyes. 1707Curios. in Husb. & Gard. 32 The Plant..may be specifically discern'd in each..Seed. 1766Blackstone Comm. II. 335 A deed of defeazance..upon events specifically mentioned. 1790Burke Fr. Rev. 32 The law by which this royal family is specifically destined to the succession. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. ii. v, Is there any man here that dare specifically accuse me? 1870J. Bruce Life Gideon xxiii. 419 It is well to have ascertained, thus specifically, how deep-seated..is our spiritual disease. 1891Law Times XCII. 105/2 The lady had contracted specifically with a view to bind definite separate estate.
3. In something of the same kind.
1780Jefferson in Sparks Corr. Amer. Revol. (1853) III. 177 These articles shall be either identically or specifically returned, should we prove successful.
4. In a special manner. Chiefly Med.
1801in Med. Jrnl. VIII. 90 That all medicines act specifically upon one or more parts of the body. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. vi. (1867) 121 A dispensation of moral exercise, specifically adapted to the temper and power of the individual. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 304 Nearly all authors agree that syphilitic arteritis is much more likely to occur in persons who have not been specifically treated. |