| 释义 |
jiva Hindu and Jain Philos.|ˈdʒiːvə|
[Skr. jīvá living being, life, and highest personal principle of life.]
Life, the soul, the self; the vital principle.
1807Asiatick Researches IX. 290 The Jainas conceive the soul (Jíva) to have been eternally united to a very subtil material body. 1885E. Balfour Cycl. India (ed. 3) II. 442/2 Jiva. Sansk. Life, the soul. 1887W. J. Wilkins Mod. Hinduism viii. 101 All beings possessed of jiva are of two kinds: those who can move and those who cannot. 1915A. M. Stevenson Heart of Jainism 176 As long as the jīva or ātmā is fettered by karma, so long must it undergo rebirth, and it must be remembered that karma is acquired through good as well as through evil actions. 1951H. Zimmer Philosophies of India iii. i. 229 Jainism regards the life-monad (jīva) as pervading the whole organism; the body constitutes, as it were, its garb; the life-monad is the body's animating principle. Ibid. 277 Some vegetables, such as trees, are provided with a collectivity of jīvas. 1971Times Weekender (Ceylon) 3 Oct. 4/3 As the macrocosmic reality it is called Braman and its manifestation through human beings is the microcosmic reality known as the atman or soul or jiva. |