| 释义 |
abrasion|əˈbreɪʒən|
[ad. L. abrāsiōn-em, n. of action from abrādĕre to abrade. Cf. Fr. abrasion, a recent word only used in sense 3.]
1. The act or process of rubbing off or away, wearing down by friction. lit. and fig. abrasion platform, a flat surface at the edge of the sea produced by the abrading action of the waves.
1656Blount Glossogr., Abrasion, a shaving away. 1837Babbage Bridgw. Treat. K 250 Let us suppose, that from the abrasion of the channel, the later tide arrives..earlier than before. 1858J. G. Holland Titcomb's Lett. iii. 32 To speak pleasantly when irritated..to avoid abrasion and collision. 1866Crump Banking i. 4 All coins will, by wear or abrasion, become thinner. 1878H. M. Stanley Dark Cont. II. xii. 361 The least abrasion of the skin was likely to result in an ulcer. 1922Flattely & Walton Biol. Sea-Shore ii. 36 Lastly we have the more extensive, nearly horizontal plane produced by long-continued wave erosion, and commonly called the abrasion platform. 1937Wooldridge & Morgan Physical Basis Geogr. xxi. 322 In other cases it [sc. the wave-cut beach-bench] is continued seaward in a flatter surface, the abrasion platform, over which a thin offshore ‘veneer’ of finer material may be spread.
2. The result of rubbing off.
†a. The substance rubbed off, débris. Obs.
b. A rubbed or abraded place.
1740G. Cheyne Ess. Regimen 5 Earth..being probably the Ramenta or abrasions of the other elements. 1853Kane Grinnell Exped. (1856) xxxiv. 305 Costing only a smart pull and a bleeding abrasion afterwards. 1878Bryant Pract. Surg. I. 34 A bed-sore may appear as a simple abrasion.
3. ‘Abrasion is sometimes used{ddd}for the act of wearing away the natural mucus which covers the membranes, and particularly those of the stomach and intestines, by sharp corrosive medicines.’ Chambers Cycl. 1751; also in Syd. Soc. Lex. 1879.
Add: Hence aˈbrasional a., pertaining to or formed by abrasion.
1932Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 89. 100 (heading) A study of the abrasional work of river ice and of glaciers. 1942Jrnl. Geol. L. 731 Flutes are believed by the writer to be solutional rather than abrasional forms. 1986D. J. Drewry Glacial Geologic Processes iv. 61/1 Does this indicate that ice, frozen to bedrock under cold conditions, will have absolutely no abrasional potential? |