| 释义 |
traumatic, a. and n.|trɔːˈmætɪk, traʊˈmætɪk|
[ad. late L. traumatic-us, ad. Gr. τραυµατικός of or pertaining to a wound or wounds, f. τραῦµα, -µατ- wound. Cf. F. traumatique (16th c. in Godef. Compl.).]
A. adj.
1. Of, pertaining to, or caused by a wound, abrasion, or external injury, as traumatic erysipelas, traumatic insanity, traumatic idiocy; † formerly, used for the cure of wounds, vulnerary, as a traumatic balsam, traumatic herb.
1656Blount Glossogr., Traumatick, belonging to wounds or to the cure of wounds, vulnerary. 1676Wiseman Chirurg. Treat. i. iv. 29 Nature..was assisted the while by Traumatick Decoctions, &c. as in such cases is usual. 1835–6Todd's Cycl. Anat. I. 163/1 Inflammation traumatic or idiopathic. 1869G. Lawson Dis. Eye (1874) 152 Traumatic Cataract, or cataract the result of an injury to the eye. 1913Times 11 Aug. 13/3 Prof. V. Soubbotitch..presented his military experiences of traumatic aneurysms.
2. a. Psychoanalysis and Psychiatry. Of, pertaining to, or caused by a psychic wound or emotional shock, esp. leading to or causing behavioural disturbance.
1889T. Savill tr. Charcot's Clin. Lect. Dis. Nervous Syst. III. 388 The existence of traumatic psychosis [psychose traumatique] adds still more to the gravity of the prognosis. 1909A. A. Brill tr. Freud's Sel. Papers Hysteria i. 1 It is quite evident that in ‘traumatic’ hysteria it is the accident which evokes the syndrome. 1929Times Lit. Suppl. 4 July 528/2 The Freudian traumatic theory. 1941S. H. Kraines Therapy of Neuroses & Psychoses xv. 352 In the traumatic psychoses, damaged brain tissue is irreparable. 1979A. Storr Art of Psychotherapy x. 94 Women who react to traumatic events with depression are generally contending with a variety of difficulties.
b. In general use: distressing, emotionally disturbing.
1962A. Huxley Let. 17 June (1969) 935 Memories of traumatic events in childhood. 1965M. Naylor Your Money ix. 54 You will only have sacrificed one-seventh of your original capital. This is depressing enough, of course, but it is a good deal less traumatic than losing half. 1973Howard Jrnl. XIII. 287 It was felt by some that this would..make leaving prison at the end of the sentence less traumatic. 1977E. Heath Travels viii. 167 Whatever the outcome, the impact on the United States of the decade of war in Vietnam was traumatic. 1984Daily Tel. 2 Feb. 2/3 We see manufacturing industry only feebly recovering from the traumatic experience of the last five years.
3. Bot. traumatic acid, a plant hormone that is found in damaged tissue in some plants and promotes its repair; dodec-2-ene-1,12-dioic acid, HOOC(CH2)8CH:CHCOOH.
1939J. English et al. in Science 6 Oct. 329/2 It would seem appropriate and convenient to refer to this substance as ‘traumatic acid’. 1966R. M. Devlin Plant Physiol. xvii. 427 The effect of traumatic acid on inducing cells to divide does not appear to be general. 1971J. Z. Young Introd. Study Man xii. 160 In plants..injured cells release a..traumatic acid.
†B. n. A vulnerary agent or remedy. Obs.
1683Salmon Doron Med. i. 18 A very good Traumatick and Vulnerary. 1694― Bate's Dispens. (1713) 496/2 An excellent traumatick and vulnerary.
Hence trauˈmatically adv.
1866A. Flint Princ. Med. (1880) 143 Chronic pleuritis may be produced traumatically. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. IV. 771 It [tonsillitis] may occur traumatically. 1972D. Bloodworth Any Number can Play viii. 56 His patriotic and anti-communist postures are almost traumatically compulsive. 1976Listener 11 Nov. 615/1 A view of life, of being, that would lead me ineluctably into false hopes and traumatically real disappointments. |