| 释义 |
▪ I. Spanish, a. (adv.) and n.1|ˈspænɪʃ|
Forms: α. 3 Spainisce, 5 Spaynessh(e, -ysshe, -ish, Spainysshe, 6 Spaynisshe, -ysch, Spaynes, Sc. Spaines, 9 Sc. Spainish. β. 5–6 Spanyshe, 6 -yssh(e, -ische, -issh, -ys, Spenyes, Spannishe, Sc. Spanes, 8 Spannish, 6– Spanish.
[f. Spain + -ish, with later shortening of the first element. Cf. OE. Speonisc (ælfric), MDu. Spaensch, Spaens, Du. Spaansch), G. Spanisch, Da. and Sw. Spansk.]
A. adj.
1. a. Of or pertaining to Spain or its people; inhabiting, native to, characteristic of, Spain.
c1205Lay. 30703 Heo hahten hine Kinebord ut of Spainisce [v.r. Spaynes] ard. 1382Wycliffite Bible Pref. Epp. ix. (1850) I. 76 Spanyshe songes upon deed men [L. Hiberas nænias]. c1400Brut ccxxix. (1908) 304 When þe Spaynesshe vessellis & nauey were closid yn al about. a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxvii. 415 He coude very wel speke the spanysshe languag. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. ii. 2 b, [We] sailed through the Spanish Seas towards the Iles Baleares. 1642Howell For. Trav. (Arb.) 64 The Spanish Traveller, who was so habituated to hyperbolize,..that he became ridiculous in all companies. 1684Bunyan Pilgr. ii. 18 All the Gold in the Spanish Mines. 1723Chambers tr. Le Clerc's Archit. I. 56 The Spanish Order..is more elegant than the Roman. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) II. 344 Even those [wild horses] which are found in America are of a Spanish breed. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) III. 537 In 1566, it constrained the Dutch to shake off the Spanish yoke. 1812Byron Ch. Har. i. lxxxi, Who late so free as Spanish girls were seen? 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue 304 Round by the Spanish peninsula have also come to us those English..nouns which are derived from Arabic.
b. Spanish Main, the mainland of America adjacent to the Caribbean Sea, esp. that portion of the coast stretching from the Isthmus of Panama to the mouth of the Orinoco; in later use also, the sea contiguous to this, or the route traversed by the Spanish register ships. Now Hist.
1725Sloane Jamaica II. 297 This is brought from the Spanish Main, or Continent of America. 1765Phil. Trans. LV. 50 The portrait of a child born of negro parents upon the Spanish main. 1803J. Burney Disc. in South Sea i. i. 7 That part of the continent, since known by the names of Terra Firma, and the Spanish Main. 1839Longfellow Wreck Hesperus iv, Then..spake an old Sailor, Had sailed the Spanish Main. 1890J. Corbett Drake viii. 110 Cartagena was the capital of the Spanish Main.
c. Spanish March (see first quot.).
1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xlix. V. 141 In his absence he [Charlemagne] instituted the Spanish march, which extended from the Pyrenees to the river Ebro. Ibid. note, The governors or counts of the Spanish march. 1845Encycl. Metrop. XI. 296/1.
d. Of a Jew or Jewish institution: of or belonging to the Sephardim; hence Spanish-Jewish adj.; also Spanish-Hebrew, Spanish (and) Portuguese (cf. Portuguese a. a).
1817M. Edgeworth Harrington iv. 88 This Spanish Jew must..be a most accomplished and amiable person. 1851[see Sephardi]. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. vii. lv. 238 His mind went to the synagogue..and heard the Spanish-Hebrew liturgy. 1892[see Ashkenazim]. 1894I. Zangwill King of Schnorrers v. 105 The Mahamad..administered the affairs of the Spanish-Portuguese community. 1902G. E. Mitton Hampstead & Marylebone 80 In Bryanston Street there is a synagogue which was built for the Spanish and Portuguese Jews. 1932C. Roth Hist. of Marranos xii. 315 On his death in 1762, he left..a legacy of {pstlg}1,000 to the Spanish and Portuguese community. 1949‘R. West’ Meaning of Treason i. vi. 122 That slender and distinguished old gentleman of Spanish Jewish descent, Mr Salzedo. 1977Early Music Apr. 262 Basil Douglas Ltd. presents..Sephardic Romances from before the expulsion of the Spanish Jews (1492). 1981Times 16 Oct. 9/1 Elias Canetti..was born in Bulgaria, of Spanish-Jewish descent. 1982Times 26 Jan. 11/5 Sir Moses Montefiore..was an intensely loyal Englishman. The Spanish Portuguese Jewish Congregation..refused a request to transfer the remains to Israel.
2. a. Of things: Of actual or attributed Spanish origin; made, manufactured, or produced in Spain (or Spanish America); associated or connected with Spain on this account.
1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 39 Forest billes.., Spaynish dartes. 1486Bk. St. Albans, Hawking c v, Take yolkys of Egges rawe,..put therto spanyshe salte. 1592Shuttleworths' Acc. (Chetham Soc.) 75 Towe ovnsies of blake spenyes sylke to be boughte at Chester, iiijs. 1598Sc. Acts, Jas. VI (1816) IV. 169/1 Euerie erle be armit and furnist wth corslet of pruif, heid peaces, vanbraces, teslettis, and ane spanische pik. 1615Markham Eng. Housew. ii. iv. (1668) 116 If it be Spanish Cute, two gallons will go further than five gallons of Candy Cute. 1649Eng. Farrier xiii, Make your shooe of spruse or Spanish Iron. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xxii. (Roxb.) 274/1 Spanish tobacco, the wreath about a finger thickness. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho l, Some flasks of rich Spanish wine. 1821S. F. Austin Jrnl. 8 July in Texas Hist. Assoc. Q. (1904) VII. 287 Swapped away Wilsons Horse & an old Grey..for a mule, & exchanged a french saddle for a Spanish one. 1829Loudon Encycl. Plants 205 S[alsola] sativa..affords all the best soda consumed in Europe. It is called by us Spanish or Alicant soda. 1846Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 202 Spanish annotta is unquestionably the best ingredient for colouring cheese. 1880J. Dunbar Pract. Papermaker 35 Spanish Esparto,..Oran Esparto. 1897E. Hough Story of Cowboy 67 The Spanish saddles of the Southwest were often heavily decorated with silver. 1945Elk Mountain Pilot (Crested Butte, Colorado) 19 July 3/1 (Advt.), For Sale... A Spanish Saddle, excellent condition.
Comb.1654Gayton Pleas. Notes To Friend, Thou 'dst turn'd the Pyrrhick Galliard of the Times Into inchanted Spanish-Pavin Rimes. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) IV. 283 Buffy brown or Spanish snuff colour.
b. Esp. Spanish leather, Spanish mahogany, Spanish needle, Spanish soap, Spanish-wool (see also 7).
1483in Antiq. Rep. (1807) I. 42, viij paire of botews of *Spaynysh leder. 1576Gascoigne Steele Glas 373 Wks. 1910 II. 152 Our knit silke stockes, and spanish lether shoes. 1626L. Owen Speculum Jesuiticum (1629) 9 Our Spanish⁓leather Saint had a diuine reuelation of the blessed Trinitie. 1693Dryden Juvenal vi. (1697) 134 The several Suits Of Armour, and the Spanish Leather Boots! 1711Lond. Gaz. No. 4862/4 Every..Spanish Leather-dresser, and all other Dressers of Hides. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Spanish-leather maker, a manufacturer of Cordovan-leather.
1837W. B. Adams Pleasure Carriages 75 There are two kinds of mahogany, known as ‘*Spanish’ and ‘Honduras’. 1869Rankine Machine & Hand-tools App. 69 Spanish mahogany is the more highly valued for ornamental purposes.
1584in Feuillerat Revels Q. Eliz. (1908) 368 For *spanishe needles iiid. 1605Tryall Chev. ii. i. in Bullen Old Pl. (1884) III. 286 Sitting upon the poynt of a Spanish needle. 1615Markham Country Contentm. i. x, The best substance whereof to make Angling hooks, is either old Spanish needles, or else strong wier.
c1450M.E. Med. Bk. (Heinrich) 134 Take harde *spaynessh sepe and a litul stale ale. 1572Gascoigne Councell to Withipoll 78 Some may present thee with a pounde or twaine Of Spanishe soape to washe thy lynnen white. 1789H. Buchan Dom. Med. (1790) 453 Such as cannot bear the asafœtida may substitute Spanish soap in its place. 1870Yeats Nat. Hist. Comm. 206 Spanish or Castile soap is made by mixing olive oil and soda.
1436Libel English Policy in Polit. Poems (Rolls) II. 162 Ffor *Spayneshe wolle in Fflaundres draped is. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Wool, The goodness of the Spanish Wools is owing to a few English Sheep sent over into Spain. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XVII. 343/2 The wool..is used for mixing with Spanish wool in some of their finest cloths.
c. Of articles of dress, etc.: Made in Spain, of Spanish materials, or after the Spanish fashion.
1530Palsgr. 273/2 Spaynisshe bagge, bauldrier. c1534in Lewis Life Fisher (1855) II. 297, 2 Spanyshe napkyns wroght wythe sylke and gold. 1542Nottingham Rec. III. 220 One Spaynes cloke of frysado. 1610B. Jonson Alch. iv. vii, His Spanish slops. Ana. They are profane..and idolatrous breeches. 1634W. Tirwhyt tr. Balzac's Lett. 120 A Nose..against which there is no possible defence but Spanish Gloves. 1652News fr. Lowe-Countr. 2 Sometimes, forsooth, the Spanish Hose Doth trick him up, and there He goes. 1805Scott Last Minstr. ii. xix, A palmer's amice..With a wrought Spanish baldric bound. 1925G. Greene Babbling April 17 And the night was so hot, And no one can see in the dark, And a rent in the Spanish shawl. 1967A. Wilson No Laughing Matter ii. 92 A grand piano on which [is] a white Spanish shawl with red and green embroidered roses. 1975‘R. Player’ Let's talk of Graves iii. 77 The year '54..the year of the largest crinolines... Thrown over them..were..large Spanish shawls.
d. Needlework. (See quots.)
1640J. Taylor (Water P.) Praise Needle A 2 The Spanish-stitch, Rosemary-stitch, and Mowse-stitch. 1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlew. 454/1 Spanish embroidery, a modern work, and closely resembling Darning on Muslin. Ibid. 455/1 Some of the Spanish Points are not raised, but are formed with a pattern worked out in Buttonhole Stitches. 1893E. T. Masters Art Needlework 41 Several specimens of the embroidery executed by this queen [Katharine of Aragon]..are still known as ‘Spanish work’.
e. (a) Denoting a style of art or architecture native to or characteristic of Spain; (b) denoting a style of decoration or architecture imitative of that of Spain. Also Spanish-style adj.
1927Sunset Mag. May 87/1 Many builders and real estate men are masquerading whole city blocks of houses under the name of Spanish. 1931S. Sitwell (title) Spanish Baroque art. 1937J. Laver Taste & Fashion xviii. 258 The style of his interior decoration may be shortly described as Spanish ‘baroque’. 1950A. Wilson Such Darling Dodos 159 There were Regency bedrooms, a Spanish Baroque dining room. 1953S. Bedford Sudden View i. i. 20 The dining-car..turned out to be..decorated with machine-carved Spanish Renaissance woodwork of astonishing gloom. 1960Encounter Apr. 3/2 There is something ancient and unfamiliar about its [sc. a skyscraper's] situation among Spanish-style San Francisco homes. 1970H. Braun Parish Churches xi. 148 It [sc. the arch] is often four-centred or, in some of the more opulent examples, the three-centred ‘Spanish’ arch. 1976Liverpool Echo 22 Nov. 14/2 (Advt.), Hall, lounge, Spanish arch to dining room, [etc.]. 1977N.Z. Herald 8 Jan. 4–3/1 (Advt.), $5000 deposit will secure this charming Spanish bungalow in New Windsor. 1979Arizona Daily Star 1 Apr. (Advt. Section) 19/5 Enter this custom Spanish territorial home over a wooden bridge. 1979N. Hartley Quicksilver vi. 77 Several Spanish-style interior patios.
3. a. Of a type or kind characteristic of, or exemplified by, the Spaniards.
In quot. 1584, ‘deceitful, perfidious, treacherous’.
1530Palsgr. 225/1 Gyrdell for a purse of the spaynisshe facyon. 1584Walsingham in Cott. Libr. Catal. 8 The French king..will mislike, that, by any Spanish practice, she should be drawn to violate her faith. 1592G. Harvey Four Lett. Wks. (Grosart) I. 192 Be thinke your selues of the olde Romane Discipline, and the newe Spanish industry. a1628F. Greville Sidney iii. (1652) 37 His Spanish haughture. 1693W. Freke Sel. Ess. Apol. 5, I shall not cramp myself to a Spanish Cutt to do it. 1806A. Hunter Culina 159 To stew Vegetables in the Spanish manner. 1891Farrar Darkn. & Dawn xvii, Your poem..is crude in parts. It is too Spanish and provincial.
b. an old Spanish custom: phr. used joc. to justify a long-standing practice which is unauthorized or otherwise irregular.
1932N. & Q. 13 Feb. 122/1 Could any reader tell me the origin of the phrase, ‘An old Spanish custom,’ as applied, in a jocular sense, to any unauthorised practice? 1966M. Torrie Heavy as Lead x. 115 Giving Sir Ganymede lunch at the pub..appeared by this time to have become an old Spanish custom. 1982Listener 25 Nov. 13/2 The December issue of Encounter..lifts some lids on the ‘old Spanish customs’ of Fleet Street print unions.
4. In the names of various diseases.
1583–91[see pip n.1 b]. 1600Pory tr. Leo's Africa i. 39 This they were most certainly perswaded of, that the same disease came first from Spaine; wherefore they..call it, The Spanish poxe. 1608[see pox n. 1 e]. 1681[see pock n. 2 a α]. a1700Dict. Cant. Crew, Spanish-gout, the Pox. c1720W. Gibson Farrier's Dispens. xiv. (1734) 271 The disease of the Head, which he [Solleysell] calls the Spanish-evil,..affected the Head with a Delirium or Madness. 1868Rep. U.S. Commissioner Agric. (1869) 38 Five western cattle died of Spanish fever at Millerton,..New York, where they were quarantined.
5. Of or pertaining to, dealing or connected with, the language or literature of Spain.
1599Minsheu (title), A Spanish Grammar, first collected..by R. Percivale,..now augmented..by J. Minsheu. 1706Stevens Spanish & Eng. Dict. Pref., The Spanish Diminutives are much more numerous than the Substantives. 1706― New Spanish Grammar 3, I shall enter immediately upon the Spanish Alphabet. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Bible, Where he explains the Hebrew Words by Spanish Words. 1842Penny Cycl. XXII. 302/1 A Spanish grammar for the use of English students. 1887Encycl. Brit. XXII. 352/2 The law of Spanish accentuation. Ibid., A treatise on Spanish ‘doublets’ by Mme. Carolina Michaelis. 1888Jacobi Printers' Vocab. 129 Spanish n, a capital or lower case n with a curly accent, thus—ñ.
6. In combination with other proper names, as Spanish-American, Spanish-Arab(ic, Spanish-Indian, Spanish-Mexican, etc.
1705R. Beverley Virginia 51 By their Accounts, we suppose him to have come from the Spanish Indians, some-where near Mexico, or the Mines of St. Barbe. 1727E. Dorrington Hermit i. i. 1, I accidentally fell into Discourse with a Spanish Mexican Inhabitant, named Alvarado. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) I. 494/2 The Bastulian or Spanish Phœnician [alphabet]. 1811Niles' Reg. I. 14/2 The Creoles—Spanish Americans—i.e. the descendants of Spaniards born in this country. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. Pref., The literal version..of the Spanish-Arab chronicles. 1866Treas. Bot. 821/2 The Spanish-Americans use the leaves as a condiment. 1871Kingsley At Last x, One of the old Spanish-Indian jungle tracks. 1886Encycl. Brit. XXI. 653/2 We possess a few literary works written in Spanish Arabic. 1935E. Farjeon Nursery in Nineties ii. iii. 91 A beautiful Spanish-Mexican girl who smoked cigarettes. 1980Amer. Speech LV. 39 Geographic names of Spanish linguistic origin [are] utilized..to determine the sphere of Spanish-Mexican influence in California.
7. Special collocations: † Spanish ashes = barilla 2; Spanish biscuit, black (see quots.); Spanish bowline (see quot. 1968); Spanish brown, a kind of earth having a reddish-brown colour (due to peroxide of iron), used as a pigment; also, the colour which this imparts; Spanish burn, burton, Naut. (see quots.); † Spanish chalk, a variety of steatite found in Spain; Spanish Civil War, the civil war in Spain (1936–9), espoused on both sides as a popular ‘cause’ throughout Europe and America, in which Nationalist rebel forces, with Fascist support, overcame the Republican Government and its anti-Fascist allies (cf. International Brigade s.v. international a. 2); Spanish clew Naut. (see quot.); † Spanish coal, an aromatic composition [Sp. pebete] burned as a perfume; † Spanish coin slang (see quot.); Spanish-Colonial a., designating a style of architecture characteristic of the former Spanish colonies in the Americas; also absol.; Spanish comb, a decorative comb having a deep top, worn in the hair; Spanish dance, the traditional dance form of Spain, of gypsy origin and characterized by elaborate heel-work and freq. involving the use of castanets; hence Spanish dancer, dancing; † Spanish fig (see fig n. 2); Spanish flu colloq. = Spanish influenza below; Spanish foot, a foot (of a chair or other piece of furniture) of a scroll form with vertical ribs; Spanish fox, Naut. (see fox n. 8); † Spanish green, verdigris; Spanish guitar, the standard six-stringed (orig. five-stringed) non-electric guitar, used for both folk and classical music; Spanish hat (see quot. 1960); Spanish influenza, a popular name for influenza caused by an influenza virus of type A; esp. that of the pandemic which began in 1918; Spanish juice, liquorice (see liquorice 1); Spanish march, † Spanish money, slang (see quots.); Spanish omelette, an omelette containing a selection of tomatoes, onions, potatoes, and other vegetables; Spanish padlock slang (see quot.); † Spanish paint, paper, cosmetics coming from or used in Spain; † Spanish pike, a needle (cf. sense 2 b); Spanish red, an ochre resembling Venetian red, but slightly yellower (Fairholt, 1854); Spanish reef Naut. (see quot.); Spanish spoon, a kind of long-handled scoop used for removing the earth in the excavation of holes for telegraph posts; Spanish stripes, a kind of woollen fabric (Knight, 1875); † Spanish sword, a rapier; Spanish tile Building, (a) a roofing tile that is curved cylindrically and slightly tapered, to be laid alternately convex and concave so as to overlap at both sides; (b) U.S., a curved roofing tile that is laid convex upwards and overlaps at one side only by means of a straight projection; Spanish trot, trumpeter (see quots.); Spanish tummy colloq., a stomach upset of a type freq. experienced by visitors to Spain; Spanish War = Spanish Civil War above; Spanish wave (after G. or Du. use as an intensive: see quot. 1852); Spanish white, (a) finely powdered chalk used as a pigment or for its cleansing properties; (b) a fine quality of flour (see quot. 1882); Spanish windlass Naut. (see quot. 1846); Spanish wood, Spanish mahogany; Spanish wool, a variety of rouge (see also 2 b); † Spanish worm (see quot.).
1727De Foe Eng. Tradesm. iii. (1841) I. 20 These ashes they call *Spanish. 1763Lewis Phil. Comm. Arts 596 The ashes..are brought to us, under the name of Spanish ashes or bariglia.
1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 275 To make *Spanish Biscuits. [Recipe follows.]
1839Ure Dict. Arts 341 When this cork [sc. the white cork of France] is burned in close vessels it forms the pigment called *Spanish black.
1968E. Franklin Dict. Knots 26 *Spanish bowline, a double loop knot that is tied in the bight in which the two loops are splayed. 1974Maclean's Mag. May 10/2 Spanish bowlines to make slings for scaffolding.
1660Albert Durer Revived 15 *Spanish Brown is a dirty brown colour. 1703R. Neve City & C. Purchaser 215 Timber-works that are expos'd to the Weather, ought..to be Prim'd with Spanish-brown. 1732J. Peele Water-Colours 63 Shadow your Vermilion with Spanish brown. 1850Holtzapffel Turning III. 1313 The cement is..hardened with red ochre, or Spanish brown and whiting.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 640 *Spanish-Burn, a specious method of hiding defects in timber, by chopping it in pieces.
1829Nat. Philos., Mechanics ii. viii. 36 (L.U.K.), In figs. 65, 66, are represented systems with two ropes and two moveable pullies, called *Spanish burtons. 1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 55 A single Spanish burton, has three single blocks; or two single blocks and a hook fixed to one of the bights of the standing part of the tackle. A double Spanish burton, has one double and two single blocks.
1759Phil. Trans. LI. 41 note, My friend Mr. Dacosta shewed me a piece of *Spanish chalk. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) I. 154 The steatites of China..is often called Spanish Chalk.
1936C. Prieto Spanish Front xi. 80 It is hardly necessary in this book to give a detailed description of the *Spanish Civil War. 1981A. Price Soldier no More xi. 144 He'd subscribed to all sorts of causes, from the Spanish Civil War onwards.
1893Alston & Walker Seamanship (ed. 3) 116 *Spanish Clews..are made by serving the nettles round below the seizing, leaving one out on each side, at regular intervals.
1616B. Jonson Devil an Ass iv. iv, [To] aske for your piueti, *Spanish-cole, To burne, and sweeten a roome.
1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., *Spanish coin, fair words, and compliments.
1927Sunset Mag. May 15/2 The popular desire seems to be to call this architecture Spanish. Architects are inclined to call it *Spanish-Colonial. 1937R. Newcomb Spanish-Colonial Archit. in U.S. viii. 37 Many in these states have wished to build in the Spanish Colonial rather than in the American Colonial. 1973G. Sims Hunters Point xiii. 114 It's what they call Spanish Colonial style with wooden columns and a roof of heavily twisted tiles. 1977H. Fast Immigrants i. 39 There was much substance if little taste all through the dining room,..a curious and uninspiring marriage of Spanish Colonial and Victorian.
1873Young Englishwoman Mar. 131/2 Diadem plaits or torsade, fastened with a *Spanish comb. 1923M. Kennedy Ladies of Lyndon iv. 234 Could you find my Spanish comb? And..that black lace shawl. 1975Times 23 Aug. 7/2 She hoped her mother would let her wear a Spanish comb she had rashly bought.
1931K. Boyle Plagued by Nightingale xvi. 137 He was doing a lively *Spanish dance to the piercing screams of their laughter. 1974W. Foley Child in Forest 20 Our elder sister..once did a ‘Spanish’ dance on the end of the bed, with a cracked soap-dish for a castanet.
1948‘La Meri’ Spanish Dancing i. 1 There are great *Spanish dancers, male and female, who are not Spanish. 1980A. Cornelisen Torregreca vi. 129 At Carnevale..Maria made ‘Spanish dancers'’ dresses for herself and her little brother.
1948‘La Meri’ Spanish Dancing i. 4 Hermetic Spain is that promised land to which we go to find..the greatest..*Spanish dancing in the world.
1594Nashe Unfort. Trav. Wks. (Grosart) V. 143 To see poore English asses how soberly they swallow *Spanish figges, deuour any hooke baited for them.
1918W. Owen Let. 24 June (1967) 560 About 30 officers are smitten with the *Spanish Flu. 1937K. Blixen Out of Africa ii. v. 161 When we had the Spanish Flu on the farm, Farah was..shivering with fever. 1979D. Williams Genesis & Exodus xi. 213 Those who had survived 1914–18 and the plague of Spanish flu that followed.
1902F. C. Morse Furnit. of Olden Time vi. 151 The chair..is of the style called Queen Anne. It has *Spanish feet. 1923J. C. Rogers English Furnit. ii. ii. 56 Legs also were given a sudden broadening like an inverted cup... In some cases there was the carved ‘Spanish’ foot. 1975Country Life 29 May (Suppl.) 40h (Advt.), Early 16th century Virginia walnut gateleg table with..Spanish feet.
1611Cotgr., Verd de gris, verdi⁓grease, a *Spanish greene. 1648Hexham ii, Spaensch Groen, Spanish Greene.
1862G. Borrow Wild Wales i. 10 Playing remarkably well on the guitar—not the trumpery German thing so called—but the real *Spanish guitar. 1934S. R. Nelson All about Jazz ii. 54 The Spanish Guitar, with its resonant tone and range, has created a minor revolution in the ranks of the fretted instrument players. 1961A. Birch in A. Baines Mus. Instruments through Ages vii. 168 At some point during the sixteenth century a fifth course became standard for guitar in Spain... It was this new five-course instrument which was to carry the name of ‘Spanish guitar’.
1784E. Sheridan Jrnl. 1 Oct. (1960) 26, I found a *Spanish hat was what I must bye... Even silk Balloons are almost out—I have not seen a Cap since I came. 1840Thackeray in Fraser's Mag. XXI. 688/1 A ricketty lay-figure, in a Spanish hat and cloak. 1882C. M. Yonge Unknown to Hist. II. iv. 47 Captain Fortescue..a long plume in his Spanish hat. 1960C. W. Cunnington et al. Dict. Eng. Costume 201/2 Spanish hat,..a large hat of velvet, satin or sarcenet, the brim evasé, trimmed with feathers. 1980A. Crawley Dial 200–200 xi. 119 Maria, looking fabulous in her white satin bolero, tight trousers and black Spanish hat.
1918Policeman's Monthly Oct. 4/2 The members of the Hartford department comprise the motor-cycle squad, one of whom was a victim of *Spanish influenza this week. 1940N. & Q. 30 Mar. 218/1 The ravages of the ‘Spanish influenza’ which, between 1918 and 1922, caused four times as many deaths as those caused by the last war. 1976Botham & Donnelly Valentino viii. 64 The worst Spanish influenza epidemic since the turn of the century had swept through California.
1803Med. Jrnl. X. 166 The insertion in the Schedule [of the Medicine Act of 1802] of such names as *Spanish juice, refined liquorice [etc.]. 1872Oliver Elem. Bot. ii. 166 Spanish juice is the sweet extract of the Liquorice-root..evaporated to dryness. 1750–*Spanish liquorice [see liquorice 1].
1884E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsem. ii. xvii. 145 The *Spanish march should be practised at a very slow walk, and the horse well supported by the hand.
a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, *Spanish-money, fair Words and Compliments.
1886S. T. Rorer Mrs. Rorer's Philadelphia Cook Bk. 260 (heading) *Spanish omelet. 1935S. Lewis It can't happen Here xxv. 270 One eye was..so surrounded with bruised flesh that..it looked like a Spanish omelet. 1974A. Williams Gentleman Traitor xv. 248 He..had the African cook prepare him a Spanish omelette.
1788Grose Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 2), *Spanish Padlock, a kind of girdle contrived by jealous husbands of that nation, to secure the chastity of their wives.
1668Charleton Onomast. 303 Bianca Alexandrina,..*Spanish Paint for Ladies.
1650Bulwer Anthropomet. 155 The women of Spaine are also great painters, other Nations having learnt from them the use of *Spanish-paper. Ibid. 156 Now they have too little colour, then Spanish-paper, Red-leather and other Cosmetical Rubriques must be had.
1624Ford Sun's Darling ii. i, A French Gentleman that trayls a *Spanish pike, a Tailor.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 640 *Spanish Reef, the yards lowered on the cap. Also, a knot tied in the head of the jib.
1876Preece & Sivewright Telegraphy 191 For light lines, on which the poles need not be inserted to a greater depth than four feet, the *Spanish Spoon answers the purpose..very fairly.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 908 The *spanische sworde, la rapiere.
[1904F. E. Kidder Architect's & Builder's Pocket-bk. (ed. 14) iii. 1430 Galvanized-iron tiles of the ‘Spanish’ pattern.] 1913― Building-Construction & Superintendence (ed. 9) ii. iv. 278 The rafters..are covered with Ludovici interlocking *Spanish tiles set on the ‘shiplap’ roof⁓boarding. 1956E. Molloy Builders' & Decorators' Ref. Bk. xvii. 3 The English pantile..is a descendant of the Spanish tile.., also called the over-and-under tile. 1979Tucson (Arizona) Citizen (Advt. Suppl.) 28 Apr. 16/4 High beamed ceilings, brick floors, French doors, and Spanish tile all help in adding southwestern flavor to a contemporary look.
1884E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsemanship ii. xvii. 143 The *Spanish Trot is an exaggerated action in which, at each stride, a fore-leg is thrust boldly to the front, and there is a poise or half halt as the horse is in air.
1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., *Spanish, or King of Spain's Trumpeter, an ass when braying.
1967Sunday Times (Colour Suppl.) 21 May 39 They never seem to get *Spanish tummy, and their children are never overtired brats. 1968A. Brown Slay me Suddenly ix. 129 ‘Where's Herbert?’ ‘Vomiting... Spanish tummy, I suppose.’
1937H. Nicolson Diary 27 July (1966) 310 He [sc. Anthony Eden] thinks that the *Spanish War will last another year. 1977C. McCarry Secret Lovers x. 130 Is it a good book? You said you were in the Spanish war.
1852tr. Ida Pfeiffer's Journ. Iceland 56 Our decks were washed by a great many *Spanish waves. Note. The large waves which approach from the westward are called by the sailors Spanish waves or billows. 1857Dufferin Lett. High Lat. (ed. 3) 22 Tumbling about on the top of the great Atlantic rollers—or Spanish waves, as they are called—until I thought the ship would roll the masts out of her.
1546Invent. Ch. Goods Sussex 106 For *Spaynysch whytt, vjs vjd. 1686Phil. Trans. XVI. 26 Spanish white made of Chalk and Alum burnt together. 1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 313 This is the magistery of bismuth, used by ladies for a cosmetic; and is termed, by artists, Spanish white. 1825J. Nicholson Operat. Mechanic 755 The varnish,..when quite dry, [is] cleaned with starch or Spanish white. 1882Notes on Cerem. (ed. 2) 44 note, The very best white flour,..either that known as ‘Spanish whites’, or else ‘Hungarian flour’.
1846A. Young Naut. Dict. 290 *Spanish-windlass, a wooden roller having a rope wound about it, through the bight of which rope an iron bolt is inserted as a lever for heaving it round. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 29 Heave both parts of the strop together with a Spanish windlass.
1875Carpentry & Join. 15 The mahogany being what is often called cedar, to distinguish it from the very hard *Spanish wood. 1892Photogr. Ann. II. 301 This camera is..made of Spanish wood.
1678Phillips (ed. 4), *Spanish-Wool, a parcel of Wool so coloured by Spanish Art, and therefore so called, that it imparts its tincture to Ladies [etc.]. 1838Penny Mag. 1 Dec. 467/2 Two other preparations, called Spanish wool and Oriental wool, have been long known to..the dealers and consumers of rouge.
1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., *Spanish worm, a nail, so called by carpenters when they meet one in a board they are sawing.
8. a. In the specific names or designations of animals, birds, fish, etc. Spanish Merino = merino 1; Spanish sheep, (a) = merino 1; (b) = Jacob 4.
A number of others, chiefly West Indian and Bermudan fish names, are given in American Dicts.
(a)1668Charleton Onomast. 74 Perdix Ruffa..the Spanish Partridge. a1705Ray Syn. Avium & Piscium (1713) 184 Icterus minor nidum suspendens... The Watchy Picket, or Spanish Nightingale. The Amerian Hang-nest. 1731E. Albin Nat. Hist. Birds I. 87 The Spanish Goose, or Swan Goose. Anser cygnoides. 1781Pennant Genera Birds Pl. 13 Spanish Duck. 1849D. J. Browne Amer. Poultry Yd. 25 In the Spanish fowl, the comb is more developed than in any other breed. 1854L. A. Meall Moubray's Poultry 248 Spanish Runt.—Described as the largest of the Runts. 1894–5Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. III. 393 The Spanish sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis) replaces the English bird in many parts of the Mediterranean region.
(b)1648Hexham ii, Een Spaensche Zee-katte, a Spanish Cat. a1672–Spanish mackerel [see mackerel1 2]. 1836Yarrell Brit. Fishes I. 104 The Spanish Bream, Pagellus erythrinus. 1882Jordan & Gilbert Syn. Fishes N. Amer. 669 Sebastodes rubrivinctus, Spanish Flag. Ibid. 887 Clupea pseudohispanica, Spanish Sardine. Ibid. 939 Scarus radians, Spanish Porgy. 1885A. Brassey In the Trades xvii, The..little blue and yellow Spanish angel-fish [Holocanthus tricolor]. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 205 In this limpid pool were many gorgeously-colored species,..the rainbow-fish, the Spanish-lady [Bodianus rufus].
(c)1787Young's Ann. Agric. VIII. 197 Four shepherds, and from four to six large Spanish dogs. 1788W. B. Conyngham Let. 28 June in H. B. Carter His Majesty's Spanish Flock (1964) iii. 60 In answer to what Evidence I have relative to the success of my Cross from the Spanish sheep I have..the greatest Reason to believe that the Breed may be greatly improved. 1801Shaw Gen. Zool. II. ii. 391 The principal distinction of the Spanish Sheep is the fineness of the fleece, and the horizontally extended spire of the horns. 1802F. L. Humphreys Life D. Humphreys II. 346 A Gold Medal..is presented to you..for your patriotic exertions in introducing into New-England one hundred of the Spanish Merino breed of Sheep. 1827Griffith tr. Cuvier V. 172 Spanish Cat... Fur short; feet and lips flesh-colour. 1831Ibid. IX. Syn. 35 Spanish Lizard, Lacerta (Psammodromus) Hispanicus. 1837[see pointer 4]. 1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 837 We are informed by a large importer that the Spanish Leech was a small green Leech brought here occasionally..by sea-captains. 1891R. Wallace Rural Economy Austral. & N.Z. xxvi. 357 The Spanish Merino is a sheep of large size, producing a superior quality of strong combing wool. 1894Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. II. 237 The Spanish wild goat inhabits the Pyrenees [etc.]. 1896Ibid. V. 71 The Spanish terrapin (Clemmys leprosa), of Spain and North-Western Africa. 1913Spanish sheep [see Jacob 4]. 1964H. B. Carter His Majesty's Spanish Flock p. x, These were the men who..transformed the Spanish Merino from an envied monopoly of one nation into the essential foundation of the modern world trade in wool. 1974Times 25 Nov. 3/3 There are now about 150 registered flocks [of Jacob sheep] in Britain, comprising 3,000 spotty sheep, also known as Spanish or piebald.
b. Esp. Spanish fly, = cantharides. Also fig.
So Du. spaansche vlieg, G. spanische fliege, F. mouche d'Espagne, etc.
a1634Chapman Alphonsus iii. i. 179 Drink not, Prince Palatine, throw it on the ground. It is not good to trust his Spanish flies. 1681Grew Musæum i. §vii. ii. 168 The common slender Spanish-Fly. Cantharis vulgaris. 1712Arbuthnot John Bull Postscr., He procured Spanish flies to blister his neighbours. 1815Kirby & Sp. Entomol. x. (1818) I. 317 Another species of Mylabris.., which is fully as efficacious as the common Spanish fly. 1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 105 The Canthárides, or Spanish blister-flies, are an essential article of medicine. 1861Hulme tr. Moquin-Tandon ii. iii. iii. 128 Common Cantharides:..commonly called Cantharides of the shops, Spanish Fly, Cantharides Fly.
transf.1823Byron Juan ix. xxviii, None, save the Spanish fly and Attic bee, As yet are strongly stinging to be free.
9. In the names of plants, trees, etc., denoting either varieties or distinct species found in Spain or Spanish America (esp. the West Indies), as Spanish arbor-vine, Spanish ash, Spanish briar, Spanish campion, Spanish cane, Spanish cardon, Spanish catchfly, Spanish coffee, Spanish oak, Spanish onion, etc. Spanish bayonet (see bayonet n. 5); Spanish bean, (a) a variety of broad bean; (b) U.S., the scarlet runner (Cent. Dict. 1891); Spanish beard U.S., the epiphytic plant, Tillandsia usneoides, of the Southern States; long-beard; † Spanish bell, some garden flower, ? Campanula hispanica (cf. G. spanische glocke); Spanish bluebell = Spanish squill below; Spanish cedar, a species of Central American cedar, esp. Cedrela mexicana, or its timber; Spanish chestnut, cress (see quots.); Spanish dagger (see quot. 1866); also more generally, one of several species of Yucca, esp. Y. gloriosa; Spanish elm, an evergreen timber-tree (Cordia Geraschanthus) of the West Indies; Spanish garlic, the rocambole; Spanish grass, Esparto grass; Spanish harebell = Spanish squill below; Spanish hedge-nettle (see quot.); Spanish iris, a bulbous iris of the genus Xiphium, esp. X. vulgare (formerly Iris Xiphium); Spanish moss, = Spanish beard; Spanish needles, the American plant Bidens bipinnata or its prickly fruit; Spanish nut, (a) an iridaceous plant, Moræa sisyrinchium, the bulbs of which are eaten in Spain; (b) a variety of hazel-nut, Corylus colurna; † Spanish pick-tooth (see quot.); Spanish plum = plum n. 3 b; Spanish potato: (see potato n. 3 a); Spanish soldier = Spaniard 3 a; Spanish squill, a bulbous plant, Endymion hispanicus (formerly Scilla hispanica), bearing loose racemes of blue, pink, or white bell-shaped flowers; Spanish stopper = gurgeon stopper s.v. gurgeon; cf. stopper n. 8; † Spanish trumpet, the jonquil; Spanish viper's grass, scorzonera, esp. S. hispanica or black salsify. See also Spanish broom.
A number of others are given in American Dicts., as Spanish berries, Spanish bluebell, Spanish buckeye, etc.
1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Convolvulus, Great American Bindweed.., commonly call'd *Spanish Arbor-Vine, or Spanish Woodbind. 1846Lindley Veg. Kingd. 631 Ipomœa tuberosa, the Spanish Arbour Vine of Jamaica.
1716Petiveriana i. 178 *Spanish Ash... Caroba Barbad.
1856A. Gray Man. Bot. 472 Yucca gloriosa and Y. aloifolia (*Spanish Bayonet). 1865–[see bayonet n. 5].
1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard. 96 *Spanish, Sandwich, Windsor Beans.
1763tr. La Page du Pratz's Hist. Louisiana II. iv. 37 The other excrescence is commonly found upon trees near the banks of rivers and lakes. It is called *Spanish beard. 1784Smyth Tour in U.S. I. 372 Another very singular and striking appearance is a kind of Moss, here [Mississippi] called Spanish Beards. 1812Brackenridge Views of Louisiana (1814) 42 The long moss, or Spanish beard, begins to be seen below the Arkansas. 1867Latham Black & White 118 The white oaks and cypresses in the swamps are hung with ‘Indian moss’, also called ‘Spanish beard’, a grey pendent lichen.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 215 August. Flowers in Prime, or yet lasting... *Spanish Bells [etc.].
1924L. H. Bailey Man. Cultivated Plants 164 *Spanish Bluebell..fl[ower]s blue to rose-purple, usually a dozen or more, ascending or nodding in an open raceme. 1979Guardian 5 June 10/1 Large white butterflies..thrusting their long tongues into the Spanish bluebells.
1716Petiveriana i. 177 Barbadoes *Spanish Briar.
1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Lychnis, *Spanish Campion, with a red Valerian Leaf, and a purplish Flower.
1703Art's Improv. I. 63 A slip of hollow *Spannish-Cane, brought to a smooth and sharp edge.
1699Evelyn Acetaria 10 The *Spanish Cardon, a wild and smaller Artichoak, with sharp pointed Leaves. 1707Mortimer Husb. 450 Cardons Spanish are only propagated by Seed that is of a longish Oval form.
1738Phil. Trans. XL. 457 Lychnis Viscosa... Anglicè *Spanish Catch-fly.
1907*Spanish cedar [see cigar-box s.v. cigar 2]. 1947J. C. Rich Materials & Methods of Sculpture x. 287 Spanish cedar is not a true cedar variety, but the wood is favored by some sculptors for carving. 1972Handbk. of Hardwoods (Forest Prod. Res. Lab.) (ed. 2) 53 ‘Central American cedar’ is sometimes called ‘Spanish cedar’ in reference to the former Spanish colonies.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 207 Cherries.., the Common Cherry, *Spanish Black. 1733W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farm. 145 There are many sorts of Cherries, as the..Spanish, Amber, Nonsuch.
1699Evelyn Acetaria 18 The sweet aromatick *Spanish Chervile.
1762Ann. Reg. i. 119 For sowing the greatest number of *Spanish chesnut-trees. 1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 80 The sweet, or Spanish chesnut, is very much like oak. 1880Bessey Botany 478 Castanea vesca, the so-called Spanish Chestnut, is a native of Asia Minor and the region eastward to the Himalayas.
1831Audubon Ornith. I. 181 The wild *Spanish Coffee (Cassia occidentalis)..grows chiefly in old fields in the Southern States.
1887Bentley Man. Bot. 567 Peeled Colocynth..is commonly known as Turkey Colocynth, but that imported from France and Spain is sometimes distinguished as French and *Spanish Colocynth.
1823Crabb Techn. Dict. II. s.v., *Spanish Cress, the Vella annua, an annual. 1829Loudon Encycl. Plants 552 Lepidium Cardamines, Spanish Cress.
1859A. Van Buren Sojourn in South 108 A tall ‘*Spanish dagger’ stood leaning its crested head. 1866Treas. Bot. 1075/2 Spanish dagger, a West Indian name for Yucca aloifolia. 1939G. B. Pickwell Deserts 25/1 Spanish daggers bloom in deserts. 1975Islander (Victoria, B.C.) 3 Aug. 3/4 The Spanish Dagger, with fruits that are eaten raw, baked on hot stones, made into jelly or dried for winter use.
1758P. Browne Jamaica 170 *Spanish Elm or Prince-wood..is..one of the best timber woods [etc.]. 1829Loudon Encycl. Plants 150 Cordia Geraschanthus, Spanish-elm.
1707Mortimer Husb. (1721) II. 163 Rocamboles are a sort of wild Garlick, otherwise called *Spanish Garlick. 1852G. W. Johnson Cott. Gard. Dict. 781 Rocambole,..sometimes called Spanish Garlic.
1884De Candolle's Orig. Cultivated Pl. 250 The principal varieties of Cucurbita maxima are the great yellow gourd,..the *Spanish gourd, the turban gourd.
1867Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 6) II. 237 Esparto or *Spanish Grass.
1808Curtis's Bot. Mag. XXVIII. 1102 (heading) *Spanish Harebell.
1823Crabb Techn. Dict. II. s.v., *Spanish Hedge Nettle, the Prasium, a shrub.
1863Chambers' Encycl. V. 629/2 I. xiphium, sometimes called *Spanish I[ris]. 1880Encycl. Brit. XIII. 276/2 The garden plants known as the Spanish iris and the English iris are both of Spanish origin.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 201 Prune now your *Spanish Jasmine. 1707[see jasmine 1 a. β].
1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 617 The *Spanish lentil, and the tuberous Lathyrus.
1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard. 95 Red *Spanish Lettuce.
1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Lychnis, The capillaceous leaved *Spanish lychnis.
1823E. James Acct. Expedition Rocky Mts. III. 220 The *Spanish moss disappears northwardly of the 33d degree of north latitude. 1856Olmsted Slave States 373 The long, waving drapery of the tyllindria [sic], or Spanish moss. 1884Evangelical Mag. Feb. 60 We have the ‘Old Man's Beard’, or Spanish Moss of American Forests.
1846–50A. Wood Class-bk. Bot. 346 Bidens bipinnata, *Spanish Needles. 1866Treas. Bot. 1075/2 Spanish needles, a name given in the West Indies to the fruits of a species of Bidens.
1597Gerarde Herbal i. lxviii. 94 *Spanish Nut hath smal grassie leaues. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 205 Ladies Slipper, Stock Gilly Flower, Spanish Nut [etc.]. 1760J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 320 Nut, Spanish, Iris. 1785Martyn Lett. Elem. Bot. xxviii. (1794) 442 The stipules..of the Byzantine or Spanish nut, which Linnæus gives as a distinct species, are linear. 1829Loudon Encycl. Plants 46 Moræa sisyrinchium, Spanish-nut.
1716Petiveriana i. 179 *Spanish Oak... Caroba Barbad tetraphylla. 1717Ibid. iii. 204 Spanish Oak. Splits very well into Clap⁓boards and Ladders. 1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 98 Quercus Falcata..[is] known in Delaware, Maryland and Virginia by the name of Spanish oak.
1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard. 93 Red [and] white *Spanish Onion. 1763Mills System Pract. Husb. IV. 34 The Spanish onion is most esteemed for it's mildness as well as size. 1806A. Hunter Culina (ed. 3) 159 Take four Spanish..onions.
1647Hexham i. (Herbs), Pepper wort, or *Spanish Pepper. 1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 607 The annual capsicum, the Spanish, or Guinea pepper, C. ánnuum L., a native of South America.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), *Spanish Pick-tooth, a sort of Herb.
1823Crabb Techn. Dict. II. s.v. Spondias, The species are trees, as the..Purple Hog-Plum, or *Spanish Plum. 1864Grisebach Flora Brit. W. Ind. 787/2 Spanish-plum, Spondias purpurea.
1706London & Wise Retir'd Gard. 93 Black [and] White *Spanish Radish. 1731Miller Gard. Dict. s.v. Raphanus, Great round black Radish, commonly call'd The Spanish Radish.
1786Abercrombie Gard. Assist. 238 Cuttings of common, or *Spanish reed.
1767― Ev. Man his own Gardener (1803) 671 Apples... Italian apple, *Spanish rennet, Canada rennet [etc.]. 1707*Spanish salsify [see salsify b].
1819Pantologia X. s.v. Scorzonera, *Spanish scorzonera, or garden viper's-grass.
1901Gardener 12 Jan. 1048 Close by..is a *Spanish Soldier.., stiff and pointed with its three-cornered stem-like leaves.
1790Curtis's Bot. Mag. IV. 128 (heading) *Spanish Squill. 1882Garden 27 Sept. 372/1 Two or three others..continue in beauty till the first flowers of the Spanish Squill expand. 1977Chicago Tribune 2 Oct. xi. 13/2 Late—Spanish squill..and double late tulips.
1883G. O. Shields Rustlings in Rockies xxi. 195 Within the space of this five acres may be found..*Spanish stoppor [sic]. 1908,1921Spanish stopper [see gurgeon].
1822Hortus Anglicus II. 104 Thymus Zygis. White *Spanish Thyme.
1591Percivall Span. Dict., Mielgas, *spanish trefoyle, Herba medica. 1623Minsheu, Mielgas, an herbe called Spanish trefoile, or three leafed grasse.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 198 March Flowers in Prime, or yet lasting,..*Spanish Trumpets or Junquils [etc.].
1852G. W. Johnson Cott. Gard. Dict. 837 *Spanish Viper's Grass, Scorzonera. 1875*Spanish willow [see Spaniard 3 b]. 1731*Spanish woodbine [see S. arbor-vine above].
10. Comb., as Spanish-barrelled, Spanish-born, Spanish-built, Spanish-looking, Spanish-speaking, Spanish-surnamed adjs.
a1628F. Grevil Life Sidney (1907) 104 Resolutely oppose those Spanish-born, or Spanish-sworn Tyrannies. c1677in Marvell Growth Popery (1678) 61 A Spanish built Ship. 1812Scott Let. in Lockhart (1839) III. 390, I have got Rob Roy's gun, a long Spanish-barrelled piece. 1818― Rob Roy xxxi, Levelling their long Spanish-barrelled guns. 1871Kingsley At Last x, A shrewd Spanish-speaking school⁓master. 1875Ruskin Fors Clav. lvi, Mr. Peter Domecq was, I believe, Spanish born. 1944N. Coward Star Quality (1951) 85 Rather a good Spanish-looking sideboard. 1976Billings (Montana) Gaz. 20 June 2-a/1 In what was called the first tabulation of Latino ‘segregation trends’, the study also said segregation of Spanish-surnamed pupils increased in the 1970s in all regions of the nation. 1981R. Rendell Put on by Cunning vii. 65 A dark, Spanish-looking girl.
B. n. or ellipt.
1. The Spanish language.
1485Caxton Malory's Arthur Pref. 2 Bookes..as wel in duche, ytalyen, spaynysshe, and grekysshe as in frensshe. 1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynde Prol. C viii, To speke dutche, frenche, spanissh, and dyuers other langages. a1568R. Ascham Scholem. ii. (Arb.) 147 Translating the Vlisses of Homer out of Greke into Spanish. 1623Minsheu Span. Gram. Proem, Spanish is a speech, whereof in times past (in Spaine) there hath beene foure kinds vsed. 1642Howell For. Trav. (Arb.) 39 The Spanish is nought else but mere Latine, take a few Morisco words away. 1706Stevens Sp. & Eng. Dict. Pref., Neither can I allow Spanish to be as generally call'd a Corruption of Latin. 1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) XIV. 564/1 In Spanish, we have many old Gothic words. 1842Borrow Bible in Spain iii, The magnificent tones of the Spanish sounded to great advantage amidst the shrill squeaking dialect of Portugal.
2. In various elliptical or absolute uses:
a. Spanish persons or people; Spaniards. † b. Spanish snuff, usually plain Spanish. Obs. c. (the) Spanish, hard cash, money. slang. d. Spanish bonds or stock.
a.1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 347 There is a large river..which some Spanish were about to crosse. 1832W. Irving in P. M. Irving Life & Lett. Washington Irving (1863) III. 43 The levee..presents the most whimsical groups of people of all nations, castes, and colors—French, Spanish, half-breeds, [etc.]. 1880News & Press (Cimarron, New Mexico) 24 June 2/2 The famous Pecos Church, built by the Spanish in 1680. 1932[see moment n. 1 d]. 1962Amer. Speech XXXVII. 207 English speakers [in northern Colorado] refer to Spanish speakers as Spanish. The word Spaniard is not used.
b.1681S. Colvil Whigs Supplic. (1751) 119 Then hope triumphs, and fear doth vanish, Like grief, when it's expell'd by Spanish. 1698Farquhar Love & a Bottle ii. ii. Wks. 1892 I. 35 The three divisions of his head were filled with orangery, bergamot, and plain Spanish. 1709Steele Tatler No. 1 ⁋3 Allowing him some Plain Spanish. 1748Smollett Rod. Rand. xxxix, Her upper-lip contained a large quantity of plain Spanish.
c.1788Grose Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 2), Spanish, the Spanish; ready money. 1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. II. 122 He helps the flats out of their Spanish. 1811Sporting Mag. XXXVII. 303 After extracting the Spanish from all his sporting acquaintance. a1814Sailors' Ret. ii. iii. in New Brit. Theatre II. 342, I wish you would rather give the hard Spanish. 1869Punch 10 July 11/2.
d.1841Thackeray Gt. Hoggarty Diam. ii, The young stockbrokers used to tell us of immense bargains in Spanish, Greek, and Columbians.
C. adv. to walk Spanish, to (cause to) walk under compulsion, properly with some one holding the collar and the seat of the trousers. U.S.
1848Lowell Biglow P. Ser. i. No. ii, To..walk him Spanish clean right out o' all his homes an' houses. 1890Voice (N.Y.) 14 Aug., [They] were hustled out of the country on an hour's notice, made to ‘walk Spanish’ in fact.
Hence ˈSpanishness, ˈSpanishry, the quality of being Spanish; ˈSpanishy a., of a Spanish type or character.
1922Joyce Ulysses 273 Big Spanishy eyes goggling at nothing. 1957American Anthropologist LIX. 818 Spanish-speaking Venezuelans and ‘Spanishy’ local-born people. 1960L. Durrell in N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 12 June vii. 1/1 We travel really to try and get to grips with this mysterious quality of ‘Greekness’ or ‘Spanishness’. 1963Times Lit. Suppl. 17 May 356/5 This intense ‘Spanishry’ of Unamuno's..may be a reason..for his comparative neglect in this country. 1965Listener 25 Nov. 873/2 In the company of the desolate Gigues, even Iberia takes on a less obvious Spanishry. 1977V. S. Pritchett Gentle Barbarian iii. 41 Her Spanishness had its Islamic roots. 1979B. Malamud Dubin's Lives vii. 228 She's been reading Spanish love poems... Her voice sounds Spanishy.
Add:[B.] [2.] e. Spanish wine.
1977F. Branston Up & Coming Man xv. 172 We..broke open a fine crusted bottle of Sainsbury's Spanish which we had been hoarding against the day when we could afford to cook in wine again. 1982J. N. Chance Hunting of Mr Exe iii. 45 ‘I have a Spanish, highly thought of by those wanting a lot for the money,’ Seth said, and..came back with..a large bottle of Spanish Burgundy. 1983N. Freeling Back of North Wind 158 Now do you want to drink Spanish, or will you all stick to Monsieur Taittinger?
▪ II. † ˈSpanish, n.2 Obs. rare.
[Of obscure origin.]
Earth or clay unfit for brick-making.
1725Act 12 Geo. I, c. 35 Several Persons..continue to make Bricks of bad Stuff and unsizeable Dimensions, and do not well burn the same; and in making thereof mix great Quantities of Soil called Spanish. Ibid., No Spanish at any time..shall be..mixed with any Brick, Earth, or Clay. |