| 释义 |
souter Now Sc. and north. dial.|ˈsuːtə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 sutere, 3 sutare, 4–5, 8–9 sutor (5 sutore), 6 sutour, 8 suter; 4, 9 sutter. β. 4 soutere (zout-), 4– souter (6, 9 soutter, 9 sooter); 5 soutare, 5– soutar (9 sootar); 9 soutor. γ. 4–5 sowtere, 4– sowter (6 sowtter); 5 sowtare, 5–6 sowtar (6 sowttar).
[OE. sútere, ad. L. sūtor shoemaker, f. suĕre to sew, stitch. Of the same origin are OHG. sûtâri (MHG. sûter), ON. sútari (MSw. sutare, MDa. sutæræ), NFris. süter, sütjer.]
1. A maker or mender of shoes; a shoemaker or cobbler.
Also spec. ‘one who makes brogues or shoes of horse-leather’ (Jamieson, 1808). In the 16th and 17th cent. the word is freq. used with depreciatory force, esp. to denote a type of workman of little or no education.
αc1000ælfric Saints' Lives xv. 23 Sum sutere siwode þæs halᵹan weres sceos. a1225Ancr. R. 324 A wummon þet haueð forloren hire nelde, oðer a sutare his el. 1379Poll-tax W. Riding in Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. V. 17 Adam Wild' Sutter. 1474Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 38 Item gevin to Hud sutor, for the Quenis schoune. a1682Sempill Blythsome Wedding 13 And there will be Sandie the sutor. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Lithotomy, This we in England call Cutting upon the Gripe, and is the Method our Suters always cut by. 1808J. Mayne Siller Gun ii. xxiii, Jock Willison, a sutor bred. 1817Lintoun Green 6 The Selkirk Sutors aff their stools..In dirt haste raise.
β1340Ayenb. 66 More zuyfter þanne arwe ulyinde and more boryinde þanne zouteres eles. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 518 Som men seide that this Harold Harefote was a souters sone. c1400Destr. Troy 1585 Sadlers, souters, Semsteris fyn. 1456Sir G. Haye Law Arms (S.T.S.) 208 A soutare, or a skynnare, or a tailloure. c1566Merie Tales of Skelton S.'s Wks. 1843 I. p. lxv, In the parysshe of Dys..there dwelled a cobler, beyng halfe a souter. 1584–7Greene Carde of Fancie Wks. (Grosart) IV. 102 If Appelles..suffer the greasie Souter to take a view of his curious worke. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 488 How can it but be a maine absurdity, that a Cooke, a Currier, a Souter, a Potter..should therefore be accounted noble? 1791Burns Tam o' Shanter 41 And at his elbow, Souter Johnny. Ibid. 49 The Souter tauld his queerest stories. 1829Scott Jrnl. II. 217, I..tugged as hard as ever did soutar to make ends meet. 1880J. F. S. Gordon Chron. Keith 74 Coopers, Sooters, Sweetie-Wives, and Buckie Dulse-Wives, &c.
γc1386Chaucer Reeve's Prol. 50 The devyl made..of a sowter, schipman or a leche. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 307 A poore sowtere fondede to teche a chouȝh to..seie þe same salutacioun. a1400in Eng. Gilds (1870) 359 Euerych sowtere þat makeþ shon of newe roþer leþer. 1454Paston Lett. I. 292 They took a man of Stratford, a sowter, and hys name ys Persoun. 1491Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 182 Til a sowtar that sewyt halk hwdis to the King. 1513More Rich. III (1883) 79 And in a stage play all the people know right wel that he that playeth the sowdayne is percase a sowter. 1570B. Googe Pop. Kingd. iii. (1880) 33 Masse brings in dayly gaine, as doth the Sowters arte at neede. 1602Carew Cornwall 86 b, While an ignorant fellow of a sowter becomes a magistrate. 1646Gataker Mistake Removed 22 We have, with Lucian's sowter, dreamed of a great feast. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 193/1 St. Crispin..the Patron of Sowters, Cordwiners and Shoe-makers Journey-Men. 1855[Robinson] Whitby Gloss. s.v., He grins like an aud sowter.
transf.1593G. Harvey Pierce's Super. Wks. (Grosart) II. 43 Lauinius against Terence; Cratena against Euripides; Zoilus against Homer, [were] but ranke sowters.
†b. Employed as a term of abuse. Obs.
1478Maldon (Essex) Crt. Rolls Bundle 50, No. 8, Willelmus Cotyngham vocavit Johannem Baker horsoned souter contra statutum hujus burgi et dixit ‘Vos, horsoned suters, bere a rewle’. 1575in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 361 [They] came to the howse of..a cordwayner,..and..called him sowter, and..gave him..opprobrious words. a1585Polwart Flyting w. Montgomerie 747 Creishie soutter, shoe cloutter, minch moutter!
2. attrib. and Comb., as souter-craft, souter-like adj.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxvi. 122 Þai do all maner of craftez, þat es to say talyour craft and sowter craft and swilk oþer. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxvii. 46 Full sowttar lyk he wes of laitis.
b. Special combs.: souter's brandy, buttermilk; souter's clod, a roll of coarse bread; souter's end, a piece of resined twine.
1773Edinb. Wkly. Mag. 9 Dec. 335 A souter's clod,..if not a second mess of porridge for dinner. 1790Shirrefs Poems 245 Could he get clods and souter's brandy. 1824Scott Redgauntlet ch. xx, Ye will maybe have nae whey then, nor buttermilk, nor ye couldna exhibit a souter's clod? 1832Vedder Orc. Sketches 110 A clarionet, beautifully enamelled with a kind of twine, called by the vulgar ‘Sutor's ends’.
Hence † ˈsouteress. Obs.—1
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 315 Cesse þe souteresse [1362 þe souters wyf] sat on þe benche. |