| 释义 |
▪ I. cordon, n.|ˈkɔːdən|
Also 6 cordone, 8 cordoon.
[a. F. cordon, deriv. of corde cord; = It. cordone, Sp. cordon, Pr. cordo: in It. an augmentative, in F. also diminutive. The earliest form in Eng. appears to have been cordone from It.; but this was soon superseded by the Fr.]
1. Fortif. A course of stones along the line of junction of the rampart and parapet, or forming the coping of the escarp or inner wall of the ditch.
1598Barret Theor. Warres v. i. 127 The ditch..to be made so deep, and cast vp so high, that it should couer the wall, at least vnto the Cordone. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Cordon..In Fortification, a row of stones..set between the Wall of the Fortress that lies a-slope and the Parapet which stands upright; serving for an Ornament in Defences made of Masons-work. 1782Siege of Aubigny 60 Humieres..had already gained the cordon of the rampart. 1859F. A. Griffiths Artil. Man. (1862) 261 The Cordon is a semicircular projection of stone..placed at the top of the slope of the revetment of the escarp.
2. Arch. A string-course, or projecting band of stone, usually flat, on the face of a wall.
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Cordon..In Architecture, a Plinth, or edge of Stone on the out-side of a Building. 1739C. Labelye Short Acc. Piers Westm. Bridge 36 The Masons set the last Stone of the Torus or Cordon. 1876Gwilt Encycl. Archit. Gloss., Cordon, the edge of a stone on the outside of a building.
3. a. Mil. A line of troops composed of men placed at detached intervals, to prevent passage to or from the guarded area; a chain of military posts. Also attrib., as in cordon system, cordon duty.
1758Misc. in Ann. Reg. 373/2 If [our officers] order us to form a line, we can do it; but if they call that line a Cordon, we must be obliged to apply to the Chaplain for a Denouement of the mysterious word. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 754 These troops..are dispersed at posts placed at proper distances on a Cordon, surrounding the colony on the land side. 1817Wynn in Parl. Deb. 356 A cordon of troops had been stationed on the banks of the river to intercept any communication. 1877Field Exerc. Infantry 314 There are two systems of outposts, viz. the Cordon system, and the patrol system.
b. transf. A continuous line or circle of persons round any person or place.
1854M. Harland Alone xxiv, He attached himself to Mrs. Read's cordon of admirers. 1883Ld. R. Gower My Remin. II. xxii. 70 A large crowd..kept back by a cordon of police.
c. fig.
1792Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 21 They propose that all Europe shall form a cordon to hedge in the cuckoo. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 212 To draw round it a cordon, and to allow..no rival near the throne. 1879W. F. Stevenson in Gd. Words Mar. 158 Foreigners who have been excluded by the strictest cordon ever drawn.
4. A guarded line between infected and uninfected districts, to prevent intercommunication and spread of a disease or pestilence, lit. and fig. Called also sanitary cordon, cordon sanitaire.
1826Jas. Mill in Westm. Rev. VI. 264 If a cordon against the ordinary plague is an expedient measure, etc. 1847in Webster. 1857C. Kingsley Two Y. Ago I. p. ii, Leave us to draw a cordon sanitaire round the tainted states, and leave the system to die a natural death. 1860G. A. Spottiswoode Vac. Tour 89 A sanitary cordon as a protection from the plague may have mitigated the ravages of this scourge in Eastern Europe. 1885Manch. Exam. 10 June 4/6 They will establish cordons and lazarettos in order to insure the complete isolation of all infected towns. 1920Punch 7 Jan. 5/1 Los Angeles..is suffering from an unprecedented crime wave. A proposal by President Carranza to draw a cordon sanitaire round the place has not yet reached Washington. 1940B. Ward Russian Foreign Policy 7 Thus the Allies succeeded in creating a cordon sanitaire of buffer-states to cut Communism off from Europe. 1964Hall & Whannel Popular Arts ii. vii. 191 The school..believes it is drawing a cordon sanitaire around the imagination of the young reader. 1968Internat. Encycl. Soc. Sci. IV. 211/1 A cordon sanitaire is a territory separating two powers who if they combined in a single land mass might constitute a threat to other nations.
5. a. An ornamental cord or braid forming a part of costume. Also, the cord worn by Franciscans.
1578Inv. R. Wardrobe (1815) 219 (Jam.) Lang slevis with silver pasmentis and small cordonis of silvir and blew silk. 1599Sandys Europæ Spec. (T.), All lay brethren and sisters that did weare St. Francis's cordon. 1619Z. Boyd Last Battell (1629) 960 (Jam.) What are such cuts and cordons, silkes and satins..but infallible tokens of an unsanctified heart? 1632Lithgow Trav. ix. (1682) 367 This done he knitteth the Cordon of the Cloak about him. 1661Morgan Sph. Gentry i. i. 4 Ordinary Jews had the cordons or binders of their fringes of this colour. 1842A. Strickland Queens Eng. I. 28 Unconsciously tied and untied the rich cordon that fastened his cloak several times. 1882Cussans Heraldry 242 The Mantle [of the Order of the Garter]..is fastened by a rich white cordon, with large tassels, which extend to about the middle of the body.
b. Her. An ornamental cord accompanying the shield of an ecclesiastical dignitary.
‖6. A ribbon, usually worn scarfwise, as part of the insignia of a knightly order. [Either confessedly Fr. |kɔrdɔ̃| or a Gallicism, the English equivalent being ]
grand cordon: that distinguishing the highest class or grade of such an order. blue cordon (F. cordon bleu): the sky-blue ribbon worn by the Knights-grand-cross of the French order of the Holy Ghost, the highest order of chivalry under the Bourbon kings; hence extended to other first-class distinctions: cf. blue ribbon. These and similar names are also applied to the wearers of the insignia, and by extension to other persons of distinction; cordon bleu, jocularly or familiarly, a first-class cook; also attrib. and quasi-adj.
1727Philip Quarll 255 He meets with several Noblemen, some with a blew Cordoon. 1769H. Walpole Let. 17 Sept. (1941) X. 292 Everybody rushes in, Princes of the blood, cordons bleus, abbés, housemaids. 1792A. Young Trav. France 9 The ceremony of the day was, the King's investing the Duke of Berri..with the cordon blue. 1826M. Kelly Reminisc. (ed. 2) II. 83 His chief French cook..was a great artist, a real cordon bleu. 1829Southey Pilgr. to Comp. iv. vii. 263 For in his family, and this The Corporation knew, It rightly would be valued more Than any cordon bleu. 1836T. Hook G. Gurney III. 62 Cordons, as they call them..the things they wear over their shoulders with the Garter, Bath, Thistle and St. Patrick. 1849Thackeray Pendennis I. xxxv. 343 ‘How good this is!’ said Popjoy, good-naturedly. ‘You must have a cordon bleu in your kitchen.’ 1863Kinglake Crimea (1876) I. xiv. 229 He suffered himself to be publicly stripped of his grand cordon of the Legion of Honour. 1959R. Postgate Good Food Guide 266 The wife's cooking is described by a member as ‘Cordon Bleu’. 1960Times 9 Jan. 11/3 She had many requests to combine ‘Cordon Bleu’ cooking with flower arrangement, but..arranged..a separate ‘Cordon Bleu’ cookery school. 1963Economist 30 Nov. 931/1 To help the blue stocking..to turn into a cordon bleu.
7. Hort. A fruit-tree made by pruning to grow as a single stem (usually as an espalier or wall tree). Hence cordon-trained, cordon tree.
1878W. Robinson Parks & Gard. Paris (ed. 2) 280 A cordon means a tree confined to a single stem, that stem being furnished with spurs, or..little fruiting branches nailed in. Ibid. 417 The U form, or double Cordon, is best suited for a very high wall or fence. 1882Garden 16 Sept. 264/1 The fruits were all gathered from cordon-trained trees. 1885Pall Mall G. 22 Oct. 6/1 Pyramid, bush, and cordon trees..that will often with their first year's crop repay their cost.
†8. ‘The twist of a rope’ (Bailey fol. 1730–6).
▪ II. ˈcordon, v.
[a. F. cordonner, f. cordon.]
†1. trans. To twist into a cord or rope. Obs. rare.
1623Favine Theat. Hon. ii. vii. 110 This long haire, tressed and cordonned after the Anticke practise.
†2. To ornament with a cordon or braid. Obs. rare.
1561Inv. R. Wardrobe (1815) 148 (Jam.) Item, sevin quaiffis of claith of silvir, cordonit with blak silk.
3. To enclose with, or to cut off with, a cordon (senses 3 and 4). Also fig.
1891Cosmopolitan XII. 61/1 Chicago is fairly cordoned by a great chain of mammoth manufacturing plants. 1905Westm. Gaz. 1 July 11/2 The city blocks are rigorously cordoned by troops. Ibid., Within the precincts of the cordoned quarantine harbour section. 1920Glasgow Herald 15 Mar., The Wilhelmstrasse was at first cordoned off. 1927Daily Express 11 Feb. 1/3 The building was promptly cordoned off until reinforcements arrived. 1956Ann. Reg. 1955 210 The Swiss police acted promptly, cordoning off the building. |