| 释义 |
co-ordination|kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃən|
[n. of action from co-ordinate v.; it occurs in F. in Oresme, 14th c., and prob. in med.L.]
The action of co-ordinating; the condition or state of being co-ordinated or co-ordinate.
†1. gen. Orderly combination. Obs.
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. ii. vii. §6. 28 The simple forms or differences of things, which are few in number, and the degrees or coordinations whereof make all this variety. 1658Sir T. Browne Gard. Cyrus 52 What consent and coordination there is in the leaves and parts of flowers.
2. The action of arranging or placing in the same order, rank, or degree; the condition of being so placed; the relation between things so placed; co-ordinate condition or relation: opposed to subordination.
c1643Maximes Unfolded 4 Co-workers together for common good, not..by subordination, but co-ordination of principall causes. 1657Cromwell Sp. 21 Apr., I cannot do anything but in coordination with the council. a1677Barrow Pope's Suprem. Wks. 1859 VIII. 287 That brotherly co-ordination and equality, which our Lord did appoint. 1833Coleridge Table-t. 10 Apr., There are two possible modes of unity in a State; one by absolute co-ordination of each to all, and of all to each: the other by subordination of classes and offices. 1864Bowen Logic iv. 91 The Relation of Co-ordination exists between different Species which have the same Proximate Genus.
3. The action of arranging, or condition of being arranged or combined, in due order or proper relation.
1842W. Grove Corr. Phys. Forces (1874) 1 The theory consequent upon new facts, whether it be a co-ordination of them with known ones, or, etc. 1856Dove Logic Chr. Faith i. i. §2. 57 To arrange the primary materials in a regular co-ordination, which constitutes Science. 1858Maury Phys. Geog. Sea xiv. §794, I have recently put the materials in the hands of Lieutenant West for co-ordination.
4. Harmonious combination of agents or functions towards the production of a result; said esp. in Phys. in reference to the simultaneous and orderly action of a number of muscles in the production of certain complex movements.
1855H. Spencer Princ. Psychol. (1872) I. i. iii. 61 These two highest nervous centres..perform the general function of doubly-compound co-ordination. 1874Carpenter Ment. Phys. i. i. §20 (1879) 20 In each of these acts, the co-ordination of a large number of muscular movements is required. 1876Foster Phys. iii. vi. (1879) 562 Let us..examine the coordination of the movements of our own bodies.
5. Chem. The formation or existence of a co-ordinate bond; linking by means of a co-ordinate bond; freq. attrib., esp. in co-ordination number [tr. G. koordinationszahl (A. Werner 1893, in Zeitschrift für anorg. Chemie III. 326)], (a) in a co-ordination compound, the number of atoms or groups linked to the central atom or group by co-ordinate or covalent bonds; (b) in a crystal, the number of ions immediately surrounding any given molecule or ion.
1902Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXXII. ii. 555 The capacity for combination of an atom is determined by three factors, principal valency, supplementary valency, and the co-ordination constant. 1908Ibid XCIII. ii. 1571 Whatever co-ordination number the central atom may have. 1938C. W. Stillwell Crystal Chem. i. 13 For AX2 compounds there will be two coordination numbers, for there are twice as many ions (or atoms) X as there are ions (or atoms) A. 1939Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) III. 330/1 The prevalence of co-ordination numbers 4 and 6 suggested that co-ordination compounds had a spatial arrangement..corresponding respectively with the tetrahedron and octahedron. 1950Chem. Rev. XLVI. 389 These cyclic tertiary bases have a spatial configuration which is far more favorable to coördination with a metal ion. 1953C. K. Ingold Struct. & Mech. Org. Chem. v. 205 The covalent bond can be formed by co-ordination. 1955G. L. Clark Appl. X-Rays (ed. 4) xvii. 522 Coordination of NH3 molecules around the cation as in Co(NH3)6Cl3. 1962P. J. & B. Durrant Introd. Adv. Inorg. Chem. xii. 345 In the hexagonal and face-centred cubical close-packed structures the co⁓ordination number is 12. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. III. 457/2 The products formed are coordination ions or compounds, and this area of chemistry is known as coordination chemistry. |