| 释义 |
▪ I. snout, n.1|snaʊt|
Forms: 3–4 snute, 4–6 snoute, 4–7 snowte, 7 snoote; 4– snout (6 snought), 6–7, Sc. 8–9 snowt.
[ME. snūt(e, = WFris. snút, snute (NFris. snüt, snit), MDu. snūte, snuut (Kilian snuyte, Du. snuit), MLG. snût(e, G. schnauze († schnausze, schnauz), MSw. and Sw. dial. snuta, Da. snude, Norw. and Sw. snut.
The early history of these forms is somewhat obscure. There is no example of an OE. or ON. snút or snút-, although the existence of the stem is proved by the verbal derivatives, OE. snýtan, ON. snýta (see snite v.), and it is possible that both in English and the Scand. languages the n. has been adopted from LG. A variation of the stem appears in the synonymous older G. schnotz(e.]
1. a. The trunk of an elephant. Also transf.
c1220Bestiary 669 in O.E. Misc., Rennande cumeð a ȝungling,..his snute him under puteð, and..ðis elp he reisen on stalle. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) V. 159 Þe snowtes of olyfauntes and his hors eren were..ful of gnattes. a1400–50Alexander 3633 Þire Olifantis of ynde..was snaypid on þe snowte with þe snart hetis. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 196 b, [The elephant] with his snoute tendrely plucked out of his maister's bodye all the said dartes. 1581Marbeck Bk. Notes 72 Also y⊇ long snout of an Elephant is called an hand or an arme, for that by that instrument he worketh manie things. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa ix. 337 If the Elephant intendeth to hurt any man, he casteth him on the ground with his long snout or trunk. 1676Wood Life (O.H.S.) II. 349 Crest unicorne head..between elephants' snowtes. 1753Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Elephant, The Elephant this author [Linnæus] distinguishes by his snout. 1828–32Webster, Trunk,..the snout or proboscis of an elephant.
b. The projecting part of the head of an animal, which includes the nose and mouth (= muzzle n.1 1); the proboscis or rostrum of an insect; † the beak or bill of a bird, etc.
13..K. Alis. 6534 (Laud MS.), On his snoute an horne he [the rhinoceros] beres. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. I. 200 Whanne þei bigynen to ȝoule, þei turnen her snowte to hevene ward. 1390Gower Conf. I. 326 This Leoun..A beste..Hath slain, and with his blodi snoute [etc.]. c1440Promp. Parv. 462/1 Snowte, or bylle, rostrum. c1475Henryson Poems (S.T.S.) III. 151 With þe snowt of ane selch, ane swelling to swage. 1535Coverdale Prov. xi. 22 Like a rynge of golde in a swynes snoute. 1570Levins Manip. 228 Y⊇ Snoute of a dog, rostrum. Ibid., Y⊇ Snout of a fish, rostrum. 1601Holland Pliny II. 390 Only the little pretty snouts end of a mouse. 1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. i. 245 They have a long sharp Snout, full of long and sharp Teeth, but no Tongue. 1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Boar, In the Choice of this Animal, you must pitch upon one..having..a thick Head, long Snout. 1753Chambers' Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Rostrum, The rostrum or snout in fishes varies very much in figure. 1784Cowper Task v. 50 His dog..snatches up the drifted snow,..or ploughs it with his snout. 1802Shaw Gen. Zool. III. ii. 587 Greenish-black Slow-Worm..with elongated snout. 1873Mivart Elem. Anat. ix. 380 An extra median ossicle may be developed in the snout, as e.g. in the mole. 1901Fountain Deserts N. Amer. ix. 183 The large fleshy snout of the moose.
2. Contemptuously: The nose in man, esp. when large or badly shaped; † the face or countenance.
a1300K. Horn 1082 He lokede him abute, Wiþ his colmie snute. c1380Sir Ferumb. 1760 A boȝ adoun on þat tyde and cauȝte hym [the Saracen] by þe snoute. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 7942 Some lefft his hed, and som his snout. 1483Cath. Angl. 347/1 A Snowte, vbi A nese. 1508Kennedie Flyting w. Dunbar 550 Out! out! I schout, apon that snowt that snevillis. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Luke i. 26 The sturdie holders up of their snoute he hath cast downe. 1592Greene Upst. Courtier Wks. (Grosart) XI. 242 Betweene the filthy reumicast of his bloudshotten snowt, there appeared smale holes. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. 1851 IV. 368 But what should a man say more to a snout in this pickle? 1693Dryden, etc. Juvenal x. (1697) 250 What Ethiop Lips he has, How foul a Snout, and what a hanging Face! 1708Brit. Apollo No. 38. 2/1 Her Chin and Snout are so firmly united. 1771Smollett Humph. Cl. (1815) 72 A young fellow,..when he first thrusts his snout into the world, is apt to be surprised at many things. 1820Scott Monast. xxvi, Sae I said it wad prove since I first saw the false Southron snout of thee.
†b. In asseverations or imprecations. Obs.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 11935 We schal..reue hym his regne, maugre his snoute. c1386Chaucer Shipman's T. 1595 What? evel thedom on his monkes snowte! 14..Sir Beues (MS. C) 1622 + 65 Then seyde the portar, ‘Be my snowte, Thys was Befyse, that y lete owte’.
c. Phr. to have a snout on (someone), to bear ill-will towards someone. Austral.
1941Baker Dict. Austral. Slang 69 Snout on, have a, to bear a grudge against a person. 1949L. Glassop Lucky Palmer 212 He's got a snout on the Kid for something. 1966T. Ronan Once there was Bagman 39 The reason you blokes have such a snout on him..is that he's forgotten more Law than you've ever learned.
3. The end of a ship's prow; the beak or rostrum of a vessel.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 237 Schippes of werre wiþ yren snowtes. 1513Douglas æneid viii. xii. 2 The weyrly schippis wyth thair snowtis of steyll. a1572Knox Hist. Ref. Wks. 1846 I. 120 Upon Sounday..ordered thei thare schippis so that a galay or two lade thare snowttis to the craiggis. 1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 61 Metaneone..hastened to grapple with the Galley; and..tearing off her snout,..bruised her all-over. a1668R. Lassels Voy. Italy (1698) II. 84 The Rostra or brazen snouts of the ships won from the Antiates. 1853Kane Grinnell Exped. xxiii. (1856) 182 Five black masses [sc. ships]..are seen with their snouts shoved into the shore of ice. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxiv. 12 Scarcely the forward snout tore up that wintery water.
4. A structure, formation, projecting part, etc., resembling or suggestive of a snout; a nozzle or the like. Also with of.
a1425tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula, etc. 9 A snowted nedle..ow to be no gretter ne lenger in þe snowte þan as it is paynted. Ibid. 24 Putte..þe poynt of þe rasour in þe holwnes of þe snowte. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 27 My penne also gynnyth make obstacle,..For I so ofte have maad to penne Hys snowte up on my thombys ende. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 12 Your glister pot should be made with a snout or lip. 1623Minsheu Sp. Dict., Limon del cárro, the long snout that goeth between the oxen in a waine. 1687Miége Gt. Fr. Dict. i, Tuiau de Souflet, a Bellows-Snout. 1755Johnson, Snout,..the nosel or end of any hollow pipe. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1535/1 The snout of a pair of bellows or a tuyere. 1902‘Linesman’ Words Eyewitness 198 The heavy naval ordnance begin to cock their long snouts higher..into the air.
b. A projecting point of land, rock, etc.
1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. (1821) I. p. xxviii, Galloway rinnis, with ane gret snout of craggis{ddd}in the Irland seis. This snout is callit be the peple, the Mulis Nuk. 1773Fergusson Poems ii. (1789) 35 The bonny wa'-flowers sprout On yonder Ruin's lofty snout. 1867N. Macleod Highland Parish, Spirit of Eld 362 The black raven..sat on a snout of rock above him. 1873Bruce in Morley Gladstone vi. xi. (1905) II. 47, I see no other rock ahead; but sometimes they project their snouts unexpectedly.
c. The front portion or termination of a glacier.
1841B. Hall Patchwork I. vii. 107 The glacier;..its enormous snout ploughs up the ground before it. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. xvii. 322 The snout of the glacier abuts against the ground. 1878Huxley Physiogr. 161 At the end, or snout, of the glacier, the water issues forth.
†5. slang. A hogshead. Obs.—0
1725in New Cant. Dict. (Hence in Grose.)
6. slang. A police informer.
1910C. E. B. Russell Young Gaol-Birds xii. 176 He was in reality a ‘snout’ or ‘nark’,..and from time to time had ‘given away’ many of his comrades. 1938F. D. Sharpe Sharpe of Flying Squad xvii. 189 A ‘sneak’ or ‘snout’ is looked upon more or less as a leper in the Under⁓world. 1954[see grass n.1 12]. 1964Sunday Mail Mag. (Brisbane) 5 Apr. 5/5 Then a ‘snout’ (or informant) called Big Ears made a long trip just to tell me: ‘You're in trouble, Monty.’ 1977‘E. Crispin’ Glimpses of Moon xii. 235 His previous arrests had all been..the work probably of some anonymous snout. 1982Observer 15 Aug. 22/6 You may have been ‘grassed’..by a ‘snout’.
7. One or other of various species of moths characterized by having abnormally long palpi projecting in front of the head; esp. the snout-moth, Hypena proboscidalis.
1819G. Samouelle Entomol. Comp. 424 Herminia albistrigalis. The white-line Snout. 1832J. Rennie Butterfl. & Moths 145 The Snout. Ibid. 146 The Small Snout. Ibid. 147 White-line Snout... Rib-striped Snout. 1882Cassell's Nat. Hist. VI. 66 The ‘Snout’ (Hypena proboscidalis), a brown Moth, with rather slender body, and very long palpi, resembling a beak.
8. attrib., as snout-bone, snout-end, snout-nose, snout-piece; snout-beetle, one or other of several species of beetles characterized by having the head prolonged into a rostrum or proboscis; snout-face, used as a personal insult; † snout-flower (see quot.); snout-horn, a rhinoceros (poet.); the horn of a rhinoceros or beetle; snout-moth (see sense 7); snout-ring (see quot.).
1868Rep. U.S. Commiss. Agric. (1869) 308 The Curculionidæ, *snout beetles, or weevils, infest grain, seeds, or fruits. 1889Cent. Dict., Otiorhynchidæ, an important family of rhynchophorous Coleoptera, or snout-beetles.
1846Youatt Pig (1847) 118 Between the supplemental, or *snout-bone, and the proper nasal.
1681Grew Musæum i. ii. i. 18 From his *Snout-end to his Tail.
1923D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers 184 But you, you *snout-face, you reject nothing. 1979Amer. Poetry Rev. Mar./Apr. 6/2 And the people In the streets, speechless, saw them passing: The scrawny guy, the bare⁓foot one, the fellow with The bicycle, The black, Snout⁓face, that gal in yellow, [etc.].
1715Phil. Trans. XXIX. 269 Plantæ Nasifloræ. *Snout-flowers.
1625Lisle Du Bartas, Noe 28 The *Snout-horne large, The rinde-hide Elephant, the Camel. c1711Petiver Gazophyl. vii. §70 Sawing thro' the Bark by the Help of their Snout-horn.
1819G. Samouelle Entomol. Comp. 253 *Snout moth. 1887Cassell's Encycl. Dict. s.v., Snout-moth, Hypena proboscidalis. Body slender, wings broad and triangular, colour mainly brown. 1896Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. VI. 118 The snout-moths (Hypena).
1775Ash, Silo,..one that has a *snout nose.
1621Burton Anat. Mel. iii. iii. iv. ii. 702 A modest virgine..to such a faire *snout piece is much to be preferred.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Snout-ring, a ring or staple placed in the nose of a hog to deter him from rooting.
9. Comb., as snout-bearing, snout-holy, snout-horned, snout-like.
1589[? Nashe] Almond for Parrat 4 The painted poison of snout-holy deuotion. 1593G. Harvey Pierce's Super. Wks. (Grosart) II. 302 That same snowt-horned Rhinoceros. 1883Cassell's Encycl. Dict. s.v. Curculionidæ, Sub-tribe Rhynchophora (Snout-bearing Insects). 1909Daily Chron. 18 Jan. 5/3 A very remarkable snout-like head.
▪ II. snout, n.2 slang.|snaʊt|
[Of obscure origin.]
1. a. Tobacco.
1885A. Griffiths Fast & Loose III. xii. 202 He knows Joe; worked for him, with regard to snout (tobacco); and he's straight—as a rod. 1896Westm. Gaz. 29 May 2/1 Here, mate, give us a bit of the snout. 1904A. Griffiths 50 Yrs. Public Service xi. 154 The ‘snout’..is introduced in small quantities, and distributed by the prisoners themselves.
b. A cigarette.
1950P. Tempest Lag's Lexicon 193 Snout. Word used collectively to cover all tobacco, hand-rolled and factory-made cigarettes, cigarette ends, and pipe dottles. 1954Evening News 7 Jan. 2/2 Savage was seen and said: ‘You will not find any export snouts here.’ 1959H. Hobson Mission House Murder xxix. 187, I would smoke it slowly and..save the butt—snouts, the old lags called them. 1961R. Longrigg Daughters of Mulberry 94 ‘Snout?’ said her Ronnie, offering the Rothman's Kingsize. 1966P. Moloney Plea for Mersey 54 Goin down the city fer a booze an a snout. 1976J. O'Connor Eleventh Commandment vii. 91 If you were wise you chose non-smokers as your friends because they wouldn't shop you to an unscrupulous warder for a couple of snouts.
2. attrib., as snout ash, snout baron [baron 2 c], snout case, snout gaff [gaff n.4 3], snout paper.
1962R. Cook Crust on its Uppers i. 21 Ever had someone put some snout ash in your rosie?
1950P. Tempest Lag's Lexicon 194 Snout-baron. 1964Economist 25 Jan. 317/1 The ‘snout barons’—prisoners who make a profit from the shortage of tobacco within prisons.
1962R. Cook Crust on its Uppers iv. 48 ‘I'm going to give our Brian a fag,’ an' he..brings out this heavy old snout case.
1936Snout gaff [see gaff n.4 3]. 1958Encounter Apr. 18/1 He hardly ever spoke to me unless he wanted something, like a smoke or a snout paper.
▪ III. snout, v.|snaʊt|
[f. snout n.1]
1. trans. To finish off with a snout.
1753Songs & Poems Costume (Percy Soc.) 230 Hang a small bugle cap on, as big as a crown, Snout it off with a flower vulgo dict. a pompoon.
2. trans. and intr. To root, dig up, or grub, with or as with the snout.
1857G. H. Kingsley Sport & Trav. (1900) 452 He would..snout and jigger about the stones in a most unsalmon⁓like manner. 1884Stevenson Lett. (1899) I. vi. 306 The brutal and licentious public, snouting in Mudie's wash-trough. 1888Daily News 29 Mar. 3/2 Snouting, grubbing, and biting their ditch..deep enough for great ocean ships to sail through.
3. trans. To bear ill-will towards; to treat with disfavour, to rebuff. Freq. as pa. pple. and ppl. adj. Austral. slang.
1916C. J. Dennis Moods of Ginger Mick 11 An' snouted them that snouted 'im, an' never give a dam. 1916― Songs of Sentimental Bloke 13 The world 'as got me snouted jist a treat. 1944A. Marshall These are my People 155, I was sore as a snouted sheila for weeks. 1970R. Beilby No Medals for Aphrodite 149 That officer happened to have me snouted because I got you across the river, against his orders.
4. intr. To act as a police informer. slang.
1923E. Wallace Missing Million xx. 161 The gang found he was snouting. 1930― White Face xiii. 206 Dr. Marford knows, but he's not the feller that goes snouting on his patients. 1962D. Warner Death of Bogey ii. iii. 71 No one wanted to be seen talking to him in case they were afterwards accused of snouting. Nevertheless, a great many did snout. 1973‘B. Mather’ Snowline x. 116 I've got to live in London when I go back. How long do you think I'd last if word got round that I'd been snouting?
Hence ˈsnouting vbl. n. (also attrib.).
1937Partridge Dict. Slang 795/2 Snouting, vbl. n., giving information to the police. 1962[see sense 4 above]. 1973J. Wainwright Pride of Pigs 55 Arranging a ‘snouting service’ with those villains; the lesser hooks being pulled in for the piffling crimes, while the big boys work the blinders without..being pushed too hard. 1978F. Branston Sergeant Ritchie's Conscience iv. 56 He started on his snouting expedition. |