| 释义 |
complication|kɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən|
[ad. L. complicātiōn-em, n. of action from complicāre to complicate: cf F. complication (16th c. in Littré).]
†1. The action of folding together; the condition of being folded together. Obs.
1611Cotgr., Complication, a complication, or folding together. 1646Browne Pseud. Ep. v. xxi. 266 The complication or pectination of the fingers was an Hieroglyphick of impediment. 1691Ray Creation i. (1704) 118 The Complication of the Seed-Leaves of some Plants in the Seed.
†2. The action of combining intimately, the condition of being so combined; combination, conjunction. Obs.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. viii. ii. §28 Dr. Fuller..in complication with other Commissioners, pronounced the sentence. 1656Hobbes Six Lessons Wks. 1845 VII. 193 Superficies, made of the Complication of two lengths, or the measure taken two ways. a1685Jordan Poems (T.), All the parts in complication roll And every one contributes to the whole. 1699Burnet 39 Articles xvi. (1700) 141 There is such a Complication of all the Precepts of the Law of God, both with one another, and with the Authority of the Lawgiver, that he who offends in one point, is guilty of all.
3. a. An involved condition or structure produced by the intimate interweaving of various elements.
1666J. Smith Old Age 112 (T.) Many admirable combinations, complications, and intertextures of them all, which are not elsewhere in the body to be found. 1708Chamberlayne St. Gt. Brit. i. iii. x. (1743) 226 This house has been..sometimes..a Priory, or College, sometimes..a Spittal or Hospital..Tis now a complication of both. 1790Paley Horæ Paul. i. 8 That complication of probabilities by which the Christian history is attested.
†b. = complex n. i. Obs.
1750Johnson Rambler No. 76 ⁋1 He takes a survey of the whole complication of his character.
4. a. The action of combining, or condition of being combined, in an entangled, involved, intricate, or perplexing manner; complicated condition, structure, or nature; involved relation.
1793T. Beddoes Math. Evid. 25 Owing partly to the length of the demonstration, and partly to the complication of the diagram. 1876J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. I. i. ii. 78 The Turkish race..made its way on amid tumult and complication.
b. with a and pl. becoming quasi-concr.: = A complicated or entangled state of relations, matters, or affairs; a complicated mass or stucture. Also (Med.), an additional disorder or condition that develops during the course of an existing one; freq. in pl. complication of diseases: ‘a collection of several distempers that seize on the body at the same time, especially if they depend one upon another’ (Bailey).
1647May Hist. Parl. i. vii. 73 So full of mixtures, involutions, and complications, as nothing is cleare, nothing sincere, in any of their proceedings. 1697T. Nevett Consumptions 69 With a complication of Convulsive and Epileptick Fits. 1730Southall Bugs 5, I fell sick, had a Complication of the Country Distempers. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. I. 239 The only prince on whom, at the outset of these complications, he had a right to depend. 1877Roberts Handbk. Med. I. 12 Complications include such morbid conditions as are liable to arise during the course of a disease. 1883Holmes Syst. Surg. (ed. 3) I. 425 The co⁓existence of a dislocation with a fracture, is a serious complication. 1897Sears, Roebuck Catal. (1968) 32c Nervousness, rheumatism, headache, dropsy and kidney diseases are frequent complications of obesity. 1934G. B. Shaw Too True to be Good i. 29 Can she possibly survive this last terrible complication. The Monster Measles! He mistook it for influenza. 1959W. Golding Free Fall iii. 70, I got complications, had ups and downs. I was a lifetime in that ward. 1985Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 June 1615/1 The risk of death by complication of diarrhoea, aetiology, age, and nutritional state was analysed by a logit regression model.
c. Psychol. The simultaneous association of the perceptions or ideas received through different senses.
[1816J. F. Herbart in Werke (1850) V. iii. ii. 127 Blosse Complicationen oder Verschmelzungen.] 1886J. M. Baldwin tr. Ribot's German Psychol. Today i. 34 The representations [sc. states of consciousness] belong to different continuities; ‘they can unite totally in such a way as to form a single force, which enters as such in the calculation’. Herbart calls this a complication or an entire complex (union of a sound and a color). 1898G. F. Stout Man. Psychol. I. 91 The process is called complication, because the result is merely a change in the constitution of A, and for the most part an increase in its complexity. 1958H. B. & A. C. English Dict. Psychol. Terms 103/1 Complication, a combination of sense data from different senses, e.g. taste and smell of food.
d. Something that complicates or adds difficulties; a complicating factor.
1903G. B. Shaw Man & Superman i. 9 This chap's in love with her: thats another complication. 1919Wodehouse Coming of Bill (1920) i. vii. 73 He liked a calm life, free from complications, and now they were springing up on every side. 1949C. Fry Lady's not for Burning i. 7 Alizon. Is it a riddle? Richard. Very likely. Certainly a considerable complication. 1966T. Frisby There's Girl in my Soup i. i. 20 You're on to a good thing, no complications and no cost. 1982Foreign Affairs LXI. 87 Political complications added to the military difficulties and drew the Syrian regime..into the worst possible quagmire. |