| 释义 |
slavish, a.1|ˈsleɪvɪʃ|
Also 6 slau(e)ishe, 6–7 slauish.
[f. slave n.1 + -ish1. Cf. Du. slaafsch, G. scl-, sklavisch († schl-, slavisch).]
1. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of, a slave; befitting a slave; servile, abject.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Vernilitas,..slauishe behauour. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 3 To submit themselues vnto slauish seruitude. 1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 83 The victorie..which..had brought you in slaueishe subiection. 1632Lithgow Trav. ii. 66 There was..twelue thousand Christians deliuered from their slauish bondage. 1671Milton Samson 122 See how he lies..In slavish habit, ill-fitted weeds. 1763J. Brown Poetry & Music xi. 188 The Player..was generally of slavish Birth at Rome. 1770Lett. Junius xxxix. (1788) 214 The house of lords have imposed a slavish silence upon themselves. 1812Byron Ch. Har. ii. lxxxiii, The bondsman's peace, who..with smooth smile his tyrant can accost, And wield the slavish sickle. 1874Green Short Hist. viii. §2. 468 The spirit of slavish submission which pervaded the Houses.
b. Toiling, toilsome, laborious.
1828A. Clarke in Life (1840) xiii. 472 Winter is a dangerous and slavish time for the Shetland preachers. 1850Marsden Early Purit. (1853) 100 A slavish life, busied with a succession of fretful observances, has no attractions.
2. Having the character († or status) of slaves; of a submissive, unmanly disposition.
1565Cooper Thesaurus, Vernaculi, slauysh and naughtie condicioned men, eyther in flatteryng or in ill speach. 1598Bp. Hall Sat. iv. ii. 126 They racke their rents vnto a treble rate;..And clogge their slauish tenant with commaunds. 1612T. Taylor Titus ii. 3 We may not become slauish vnto them. 1632Lithgow Trav. iv. 152 [They] cause the poore slauish subiected Christians, surrender all they haue. 1662J. Davies tr. Olearius' Voy. Amb. 114 The Muscovites how submissive and slavish soever they may be, will endeavour the recovery of their freedom. 1715Pope Iliad i. 306 Scourge of thy people,..Sent in Jove's anger on a slavish race. 1781Cowper Truth 228 Th' omniscient Judge Scorns the base hireling, and the slavish drudge. 1850Maurice Mor. & Theol. Philos. (ed. 2) 131 The thoughtless, slavish victim of inclination.
3. Vile, mean, base, ignoble.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, i. i. 193 The slauish motiue of recanting feare. 1607Chapman Bussy d' Ambois iv. i, The princely author of the slavish sin. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 202 To free itself from slavish Prepossession. 1700J. A. Astry tr. Saavedra-Faxardo I. 89 To lye is a slavish Vice. 1737Swift in Scoones Four Cent. Eng. Lett. 169 The slavish, hellish principles of an execrable prevailing faction. 1839Thirlwall Greece VI. 35 The slavish counsels of those who only calculated the expense of a war. 1845Maurice Mor. Philos. in Encycl. Metrop. II. 547/1 A slavish dread of the powers of nature.
4. Implying or involving slavery.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, ii. i. 291 If then we shall shake off our slauish yoake,..Away with me. 1648Gage West Ind. 17 Hee had run away from his master by reason of hard and slavish usage. 1709Watts Hymn, ‘How sad our state by nature is!’ i, Satan binds our captive souls Fast in his slavish chains. 1781Cowper Anti-Thelyphth. 112 For British nymphs..Feel all the meanness of your slavish lot. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. i, The slavish and despotic constitution introduced into the empire.
5. Servilely imitative; lacking originality or independence.
1753Torriano Gangr. Sore Throat 87 In the Translation..I have not confined myself to a slavish and literal one. 1861Brougham Brit. Const. xix. i. 307 In preparing this great work there was no slavish adherence to the old law.
b. Of persons.
1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters III. 294 We have not a few of these slavish followers. 1863Barry Dockyard Econ. 73 Slavish copyists of the English dockyard system. |