| 释义 |
▪ I. skive, n.1|skaɪv|
Also skieve.
[ad. Du. schijf (sxɛɪf), MDu. schîve: see shive n.]
A revolving iron disk or wheel used with diamond powder in grinding, polishing, or finishing diamonds or other gems; a lap, a diamond-wheel. Cf. scaife 2.
1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 176 The diamonds are lastly polished upon an iron lap or skive, charged with diamond powder. 1862Catal. Intern. Exhib., Brit. II. xxxiii. 53 Large diamonds are not exposed to the risk of cutting, but are polished from the rough on the skieve. 1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 241 Gently pouring a little powder between the edge of the skive and the stone.
▪ II. skive, n.2|skaɪv|
[f. the vb.]
The surface part of a sheet of leather cut off by a skiving-machine; a skiver.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. s.v. Leather-skiving Machine, The knife C, whose position..determines the thickness of the leather which passes between the knife and roller, the skive passing above the knife.
▪ III. skive, n.3 slang.|skaɪv|
[f. skive v.3]
An act of shirking; an opportunity for avoiding a difficult or unpleasant task, an easy option.
1958F. Norman Bang to Rights iii. 90 Not many of us wanted to learn english and only went on the class for a skive. 1960[see chuffed a. a]. 1968Guardian 1 Oct. 6/1 ‘Isn't just a skive,’ he told them. ‘At any time, any time, you may be parachuted behind the Russian lines.’ 1976Times Higher Educ. Suppl. 26 Mar. 7/1 I'd always thought that science degrees with a non-scientific element would be attractive but perhaps students associate them with the general studies they do in the sixth form and think of them either as a skive or a nuisance. 1980J. Ditton Copley's Hunch i. ii. 68 He thought the sentry was on the skive. Thought he'd come down..for a cup of coffee.
▪ IV. skive, v.1|skaɪv|
Also skyve.
[a. ON. skífa (Norw. skiva), related to ME. schīve shive n.]
trans. To split or cut (leather, rubber, etc.) into slices or strips; to shave or pare (hides).
a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia 305 Skive, to pare off the thicker parts of hides, to make them of uniform substance, in order to their being tanned. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1280/2 Leather is also skived for making lap-joints in round work and belting. 1884Health Exhib. Catal. 115/1 One Machine for skyving or paring the edges of leather.
b. To pare or cut off.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1277/2 [A] Machine..for skiving off the edge of a piece or strip of leather.
Hence skived ppl. a.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1280/2 The lap-seam..is sometimes formed with skived edges to avoid a ridge. 1893Westm. Gaz. 30 Nov. 7/2 Pneumatic tyres, which are made from ‘skived’ rubber.
▪ V. skive, v.2 dial.|skaɪv|
[Of obscure origin.]
intr. To move lightly and quickly; to dart.
1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss. s.v. Skave, Thus we say, ‘skiving like a lapwing’, in allusion to the manner in which that bird skims over the surface of a sheet of water. 1857J. G. Holland Bay Path xxvi. 334 Don't you want a little tot, Hugh, to be skiving round the cabin here? 1893H. T. Cozens-Hardy Broad Norf. 49 Can't they skive under water when they want tu?
▪ VI. skive, v.3 slang (orig. Mil.).|skaɪv|
Also scive, skyve.
[perh. ad. Fr. esquiver, to dodge, slink away, but cf. skive v.2]
intr. To evade a duty, to shirk; to avoid work by absenting oneself, to play truant. Also with off.
1919Athenæum 1 Aug. 695/1 ‘To skive,’ to dodge a fatigue. 1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words & Phrases 260 To skive, to dodge a duty or fatigue. 1960Twentieth Cent. Nov. 390 Who hasn't bought black⁓market, possibly stolen goods, who hasn't skived off work? 1960J. Birley Time of Cuckoo 139 ‘But a second is what you aimed for, isn't it? I mean one has to be pretty brilliant for the other, anyway, and if not, why work all that hard?’ ‘Oh, yes, yes, I dare say... I've been skyving all my life, certainly, if that's what you mean.’ 1961New Statesman 21 July 82/2 If one of the other cleaners offered advice, it was usually on how to scive off better. 1962Listener 27 Dec. 1104/3 Anyone who thinks of the Fire Service as a soft option that literary types skived into during the war ought to have watched ‘Fire Rescue’. 1965[see free period s.v. free a. D. 2]. 1971Times Educ. Suppl. 25 June 69 People work—and skyve—openly at any time. 1973J. Mann Only Security vi. 58 The girls who dig are always glad of an excuse to skive off and have a rest. 1976Sunday Post (Glasgow) 26 Dec., A Dundee bus conductor was chatting to three young boys as he took their fares last Monday. He asked if they were on holiday. They replied they were ‘just skiving’. 1982Sunday Times 31 Jan. 3/6 These people work, skive and fiddle in packs.
Hence ˈskiving vbl. n.2
1958Daily Mail 18 July 3/3 You do two hours' work a day and spend the rest of the time dodging. In the Army we called it swinging the lead, but on the railway it's called skiving. 1974New Society 19 Sept. 727/1 It is among managerial and professional workers that sponging, skiving and malingering is epidemic. 1977Ibid. 25 Aug. 381/3 Some of the overseers connive at, even join in, this skyving. 1978P. Marsh et al. Rules of Disorder ii. 33 Skiving was not infrequent—the pupils slipping out once the register had been called. |