| 释义 |
skipjack, n. and a.|ˈskɪpdʒæk|
Also 6 scipjacke, -jake, 6–7 skipiack(e, 7 -jacke.
[f. skip v.1 + Jack n.1]
A. n.
1. A pert shallow-brained fellow; a puppy, a whipper-snapper; a conceited fop or dandy. Now arch.
1554T. Martin Marr. Priests Ll ij b, A way was opened to euery skipiack that lusted to make hymselfe a priest. 1586J. Hooker Hist. Ireland in Holinshed II. 106/1, I trust to see the daie, when..your children..shall disdaine the companie of anie such shipiacke. 1604Rowlands Looke to it (Hunterian Cl.) 38 You nimble skipiacke, turning on the toe, As though you had Gun-pouder in your tayle. 1653W. Ramesey Astrol. Restored To Rdr. 18 Our shoes and fantastical stockins speak us rather Skip⁓jacks, Whifflers or Antics, then sober and solid men. 1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. III. 230 How few of our fashionable skip-jacks..possess a spark of that spirit. 1869Daily News 12 June, Noble bronze faces, which contrast rather strongly with the countenance of the simpering skipjack who has preceded them.
†2. A horse-dealer's boy; a jockey. Obs.
1608Dekker Lanth. & Candle Lt. x, The boyes, striplings, &c., that haue the Riding of the Iades vp and downe are called Skip-Iacks. 1674Staveley Romish Horseleech (1769) 215 If friars should wear short habits they would look more like Jockeys and Millers than Friars... And then,..will it not be a rare sight for us to go like skipjacks and Millers? a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Skip-jacks, youngsters that Ride the Horses for Sale. [Hence in later Dicts.]
3. A toy made of the merrythought of a fowl, and so contrived that it can be made to skip automatically; also, the merrythought itself.
1797M. Edgeworth Early Lessons I. 253 This is as tight and strong as the stick and string in my skip-jack. 1805Poet. Reg. 179 Thy bony breast Shall featly frisk it o'er the cottage floor, A strange automaton, by village hinds A Skip-Jack nam'd. 1825–1895in dialect glossaries (Northumbld., Yks., Northampt., E. Anglia, etc.).
4. The name of various fishes which have a habit of leaping out of the water, esp. the blue-fish (Temnodon or Pomatomus saltator) of tropical and subtropical seas. Also attrib., esp. in skipjack tuna, a tropical pelagic food fish, Katsuwonus pelamis, of the family Scombridæ, distinguished by its large size and striped body.
In American use the name is also given to the horse-mackerel, Ohio shad, and brook silverside (1882 Jordan & Gilbert Fishes N. Amer.), the bonito, jurel, runner, leather-jacket, butter-fish, cutlass-fish, etc. (1884 Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim.).
1703W. Dampier Voy. III. i. 115, I saw also some Boneta's and some Skipjacks, a Fish about 8 Inches long, broad and sizable, not much unlike a Roach. 1734Phil. Trans. XXXVIII. 317 Saltatrix. The Skip-Jack. It hath obtained its Name from its frequent Skipping out of the Water. 1775Ibid. LXVIII. 393 [The] sea was covered with Portuguese men of war, of which [we] took up several; also some pilot-fish and skip-jacks. 1815Sporting Mag. XLVI. 225 That species of whale, called by sailors skip jacks. 1871Kingsley At Last vi, Pelicans..fell into the water with wide-spread wings, and after a splash, rose with another skipjack in their pouch. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 76 Snapper-fishing is usually carried on with a bottom bait of skip-jack, bluefish, or young shark. 1920Blunden Waggoner 2 Where flock and shine the skip-jack dace. 1936P. S. Barnhart Marine Fishes S. Calif. 36 Skipjack..a pelagic fish of a wide range. 1937L. A. Walford Marine Game Fishes Pacific Coast 17 The skipjack is the smallest of the tunas, rarely exceeding 25 inches in length. 1949Thomas & Lovett in Vesey-Fitzgerald & Lamonte Game Fish of World ii. 132 There are the oceanic bonito, known locally as the skipjack, and the California bonito. 1961E. S. Herald Living Fishes of World 229 (caption) Skipjack Tuna..world-wide in tropical waters. 1973Sunday Times 10 June (Colour Suppl.) 44/3 The most valuable fish in Papua New Guinea waters are skipjack tuna.
5. a. A beetle belonging to the family Elateridæ; a click-beetle (see click n.1 4) or spring-beetle. Also attrib.
1817Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxiii. (1818) II. 317 The numerous species of the elastic beetles (Elater, L.), skip⁓jacks as some call them, perform this motion by means of a pectoral process or mucro. 1868Rep. U.S. Commiss. Agric. (1869) 93 From this habit of suddenly springing into the air, these insects are known in Europe by the common name of ‘skip-jacks’. 1871Kingsley At Last i, The Elaters—fire⁓fly, or skip-jack beetles.
b. A kind of trout-fly.
1867F. Francis Angling vi. (1880) 233 There is a smaller fly..called the Skipjack.
6. U.S. A kind of sailing-boat (see quot. 1976). Also attrib.
1887Forest & Stream IX. 75 The ‘skip-jack’ is a connecting link between the skiff and the round-bottom boat. 1941H. I. Chapelle Boatbuilding i. 36 The well-known Chesapeake Bay Skipjacks may be taken to represent the next type, having a good deal of beam and more dead rise than the modified sharpies. 1968Washington Star 27 May b1/2 They were watching last October's Chesapeake Appreciation Day skipjack races, off Annapolis. 1976Oxf. Compan. Ships & Sea 807/2 Skipjack, a work-boat of the east coast of the U.S.A., sloop-rigged with a jib⁓headed mainsail and a foresail set on a bowsprit. They were hard-chined boats with a large wooden centreboard. 1978J. A. Michener Chesapeake 725 In winter months he labored aboard a white man's skipjack dredging oysters... In spring he helped the skipjack captain haul timber to Baltimore.
B. adj.
1. a. Having the trifling, petty, or flighty qualities of a skipjack; puppyish, foppish.
1598E. Guilpin Skial. (1878) 19 The world finds fault with Gellia, for she loues A skip-jack fidler. 1645Arraignment Persecution Ep. Ded. 2 Such a Quagmire of croaking skip⁓jacke Presbyters. 1696Vanbrugh Relapse v. iii, I verily believed miss had got some pitiful skip-jack varlet or other to her husband.
b. transf. Of things.
1597Return fr. Parnass. i. i. 464 Why, I cannot abide these scipjake blanke verses. 1650H. More Enthus. Tri. etc. (1656) 75 Meer vagrant imaginations seated in your own subsultorious and skip-jack phansie onely. 1686Goad Celest. Bodies ii. xiv. 360 These petty Skip-Jack Aspects which have to do..where ever the Sun hath to do.
2. Hopping, jumping, skipping.
1605P. Woodhouse Flea (1877) 18 For I shall make it very plaine appeare, This little skip-iack beast, his worth is small. c1626Dick of Devon iv. i. in Bullen Old Pl. II. 60 What with your skip Jacke fleas, the nap of my sleepe was worne off.
Hence ˈskipjackly a. rare—1.
1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 135 Now 'tis but odde to think how such a flicketing skipjackly thing as that is..should be bound to the behaviour of such a grave stayd thing as time is. |