| 释义 |
Siwalik|sɪˈwɑːlɪk|
Also † Sewalik; Sivalik.
[Hind.]
a. The name of the southern outlying foot hills of the Himalayas, extending from Sikkim through Nepal and India to Pakistan, used attrib. with reference to the thick sequence of fluviatile and lacustrine sediments, rich in fossil vertebrates, of which they are composed and the time in the Pliocene (or late Miocene) to early Pleistocene when they were deposited.
1836Cautley & Falconer in Asiatic Researches XIX. xiii. 200 There existed along with the Mastodon, Sivatherium, Fossil Camel, &c. of the Sivalik deposits, a large distinct species of Bear, equalling if not exceeding the largest known of the genus. 1864Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. XX. 383 He refers the rocks observed [in the northwestern Himalayas] to the following formations:—1. The fluvio-lacustrine series. 2. The Siwalik series...6. The Palæozoic series. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXV. 466/1 Dr. Dubois..excavated from a bed, considered by him to be of Sivalik formation (Pliocene), a thighbone which competent anatomists decide to be human. 1908H. B. C. Sollas tr. Suess's Face of Earth III. iv. vi. 218 Sediments possibly of Siwalik age. 1955Brown & Dey India's Mineral Wealth (ed. 3) xix. 697 The outer margin of the Himalayas is formed by a continuous fringe of foot-hills built of the rocks of the Siwalik Series. 1975A. M. Davies et al. Tertiary Faunas (ed. 2) II. vi. 359 From the Indian subcontinent the Middle Siwalik succession is of Late Miocene equivalent.
b. absol. The Siwalik series or period.
1877Rec. Geol. Survey India X. 121 Upper Siwalik. This division includes the great conglomerates and associated beds which terminate the tertiary series of the country. 1938Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. XCIV. 407 The alluvial deposits of the Bannu and Derejat plains probably conceal..a geological record more or less continuous from the latest Siwalik. 1974Encycl. Brit. Micropædia IX. 246/2 Remains of the first clearly hominid forms..are known from the Siwalik. 1978Mitchell & Reading In H. G. Reading Sedimentary Environments & Facies xiv. 464/2 Stratabound deposits of uranium with minor vanadium occur in the late Miocene to early Pliocene Middle Siwaliks. |