| 释义 |
▪ I. cobra|ˈkəʊbrə, ˈkɒbrə|
Short for cobra de capello; also applied with distinctive additions to other Indian vipers, and to African snakes of the genus Naja, as the Egyptian cobra (N. haje), the Cape cobra (N. nivea), and the spitting cobra or black-necked cobra (N. nigricollis) (see black a. 18). The name spitting cobra is also given to the ringhals. Also attrib., as in cobra poison.
1817Asiatic Jrnl. (1818) VI. 227 The Cobra Manilla is known on the Malabar coast as the bangle snake. 1836T. Cantor in Asiat. Res. XIX. 92 Besides Cobras, there are other hooded serpents in this country. 1856F. Fleming S. Africa xii. 400 The ‘Cobra-di-Capella’ or Hooded Snake, called by the Colonists the ‘Ringeaault’. 1860Gosse Rom. Nat. Hist. 265 The sudden death of Curling, one of the keepers of the Zoological gardens, from the bite of a cobra. 1879Watts Dict. Chem. 3rd Supp. 547 A weak solution of potash..destroys the physiological activity of cobra poison. 1884Trans. S. Afr. Philos. Soc. III. 12 The South African cobra (Naia haje)..is known throughout the Cape Colony by the name Spuugh-slang, and is so called from the power it is supposed to possess of ejecting its poison to a distance. 1887[see spitting ppl. a. 2]. 1910F. W. Fitzsimons Snakes S. Afr. iv. 73/2 Egyptian or Banded Cobra. Distribution: Natal, Zululand, Transvaal, Rhodesia, Northwards as far as Sahara Desert. 1931R. L. Ditmars Snakes of World xiii. 166 The Cobras, Naia, range from the arid North coast to the Cape, the regions between these boundaries being their true headquarters... The Egyptian Cobra, or Asp, Naia haie{ddd}has the widest range of any cobra in Africa. Ibid. 167 The Spitting Cobra or Black-Necked Cobra, Naia nigricollis, comes close to being the most dangerous snake of Africa. Ibid. 170 The Black Cobra, Naia melanoleuca..is confined to tropical Africa. Ibid. 171 The Cape Cobra, Naia nivea (flava) is confined to southerly Africa. Ibid. 172 The Ringhals, or Keel-scaled Spitting Cobra, Sepedon haemachates..its scales being keeled, rendering it unique among the cobras. 1959Cape Argus 31 Oct. 9/7 Cape cobras and puffadders provide most of the venom, but boomslangs, skaapstekers, ringhals cobras and an Egyptian cobra—from Rhodesia—are kept in their special pens on Mr. Wood's farm.
▪ II. cobra
var. cobbra. |