| 释义 |
ˈshut-in, a. and n. orig. U.S.
[shut ppl. a. 2: cf. shut v. 15.]
A. adj.
1. Enclosed, hemmed in; esp. of a person: confined by severe weather or by physical or mental disability; isolated by self-absorption; abstracted.
1849Cupples Green Hand xiv. (1856) 139 As for the dead shut-in appearance of it,..you'd never think it was a river. 1909Sunday School Times (Philadelphia) 27 Feb. 110 She had brought a handful of flowers and a heart full of sunshine to the shut-in mother. 1912[see autism]. 1932Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. Apr. 301 Subject 6 has fewer friends..because she is so ‘shut in’ and difficult to get to know. 1943J. B. Priestley Daylight on Saturday xviii. 133 You could tell by the shut-in look on their faces as they worked that they were busy thinking about these things. 1957[see claustrophobic a. b]. 1975Budget (Sugarcreek, Ohio) 20 Mar. 7/4 Neal C. Troyer..and Dan L. Schwartz's spent Sat. at Nappanee visiting shut-in relatives, Bis. John L. Schwartz and Mrs. Lizzie Borkholder who is blind.
2. Oil Industry. Of or pertaining to oil and gas wells that are shut in; applied esp. to production capacity that is available but not being utilized.
1931Economist 28 Mar. 671/2 Production from the new East Texas fields is weakening prices, and the vast amount of shut-in production is a constant menace. 1960Fortnightly Rev. (Anderson & Strudwick, Richmond, Va.) 19 Aug., The long struggle to obtain markets for Canada's large shut-in natural gas reserves was finally concluded last week. 1962Listener 10 May 796/2 There remains a huge quantity of shut-in oil capacity overhanging the market and depressing prices. 1974P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Practices Manual xii. 314 The shut-in drill pipe pressure is easy to obtain if there is no back-pressure valve in the drill string.
B. n.
1. A person who is confined by severe weather or by a physical or mental disability; a withdrawn person, one who is isolated from normal social interaction.
1904Prosp. Mass. (U.S.A.) Blind Assoc. 2 The lonely and the unbusy, the shut-ins in body and in mind. 1949Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 1 Feb. 9/2 (heading) Salad dressing diet palls on storm shut-ins. 1952Catholic Times 25 July 7/4 It is the ‘shut-ins’ and sufferers who give the greatest of all contributions—their sufferings. 1966Daily Tel. 25 May 19/5 The first Sunday in June is Shut-In's Day, a special day set aside each year to remember the sick and housebound. 1975C. Potok In Beginning ii. 118 Better a man..who is a man of the world and can also learn than a bearded shut-in with the brain of a genius and the soul of a calf. 1979Arizona Daily Star 22 July j6/4 Volunteers are needed to grocery shop for elderly shut-ins.
2. Oil Industry. A state or period of being shut in.
1962T. C. Frick Petroleum Production Handbk. II. xxx. 7 Subsurface-pressure gauges are very useful in wells where liquids accumulate in the wellbore during shut-in. 1977R. D. Langenkamp Handbk. Oil Industry Terms & Phrases (ed. 2) 152 There is a great difference between a shut-down and a shut-in... A well is shut in when its wellhead valves are closed, shutting off production.
Hence shut-ˈin-ness, the quality of being confined, secluded, or withdrawn into oneself.
1913D. H. Lawrence Let. ? 10 June (1962) I. 210 The world gets a queer feeling of shut-in-ness, as if it stifled one, the horizon being too near, the sky too low. 1920Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 23/2 Leaving the bowl of the crater with its strange sense of shut-in-ness. 1952Jrnl. Mental Sci. XCVIII. 310 There is evidence that shy, shut-in people are more liable to schizophrenia than outgoing folk, but this is disputed, and some psychiatrists maintain that the ‘shut-inness’ is just an early stage of the illness. |