| 释义 |
tamarisk|ˈtæmərɪsk|
Forms: α. 5 thamarike, -yke, 6 tamarice, 6–8 -ic, -ik, tamerick, 7 tamricke. β. 5–7 (in L. form) tamariscus, pl. -i; 6– tamoriscke 6–7 tamar-, 7 tameriske, tamriske, 6– tamarisk.
[ad. late L. tamariscus (Palladius), var. of tamarix, -īcem, whence F. tamaris (13th c.), also in 16th c. tamarisc, tamarix. Ulterior source of the L. name unknown.]
A plant of the genus Tamarix, esp. T. gallica, the common tamarisk (called in L. myrīca, in Gr. µυρῑ́κη), a graceful evergreen shrub or small tree, with slender feathery branches and minute scale-like leaves, growing in sandy places in S. Europe and W. Asia, and now much planted by the seashore in the south of England. Several other species, some with trunks 6 or 7 feet in girth, occur in the Mediterranean region.
German tamarisk, the allied Myricaria germanica.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 220 Make him a gargarism of liquiricie, yreos, & tamarisci. c1440Pallad. on Husb. xii. 316 Atte gynnyng of this moone, of thamarike And other floures wilde, useth the bee Hony..to pike. 1548Turner Names of Herbes s.v. Myrica, The scholemaisters in Englande haue of longe tyme called myrica heath, or lyng, but so longe haue they bene deceyued al together. It maye be called in englishe, Tamarik. 1562― Herbal ii. 59 Y⊇ Cypres tre and the Tamarisk haue carnose or flesshy leues. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. i. 165 The Archbishop of Canterburie Edmund Grindall, after he returned out of Germany, brought into this realme the plant of Tamariske from thence. c1611Chapman Iliad xxi. 18 On the shore, the Worthy hid, and left his horrid lance Amids the Tamriskes. 1715–20Pope Iliad vi. 49 His headlong steeds..Rush'd on a tamarisk's strong trunk, and broke The shatter'd chariot from the crooked yoke. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho iv, They sauntered over hillocks covered with lavender, wild thyme, juniper, and tamarisk. 1827Gentl. Mag. XCVII. ii. 34 Say, wilt thou court the tamarisk's lowly shade, And tune to strains of love thy dulcet reed? 1864Gilbert & Churchill Dolomite Mount. 68 Clumps of alder and willow, interspersed with bushes of the tamarisk (Myricaria germanica).
†b. A decoction or other preparation of the leaves of this plant, formerly used in medicine. Obs.
1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 627 Tamariske: it is a medicine of excellent power and vertue against the stopping & hardnes of the milt, if it be but drunke out of, being made into a vessell to drinke it. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. ii. iv. i. v. (1651) 374 The wines ordinarily used to this disease are Wormewood-wine, Tamarisk and Buglossatum. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 139 Tamarisk..attenuates, opens and absterges.
c. attrib. and Comb., as tamarisk-bough, tamarisk-branch, tamarisk-bush, tamarisk-jungle, tamarisk-stem, tamarisk-tree, tamarisk-twig; tamarisk-fringed, tamarisk-grown adjs.; tamarisk salt, salt found adhering to the trunk of Tamarix orientalis in edible quantity (Cent. Dict.); hence tamarisk-salt-tree; tamarisk ware, vessels or dishes made from the wood of the tamarisk.
c1611Chapman Iliad x. 395 He hung them vp aloft, vpon a *Tamricke bow. 1863M. L. Whately Ragged Life Egypt xx. 202 The school-room had been swept neatly and decorated with tamarisk-boughs and a few flowers.
1816H. G. Knight East. Sk. Pref. (1830) 36 *Tamarisk bushes, stunted acacia trees,..complete the produce of the choicest spots in the Deserts [of Arabia].
1899F. C. Gould in Westm. Gaz. 6 Sept. 1/3 The *tamarisk-fringed white-dusted road.
1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 64 From this Wood is made a white Chrystal Salt, called *Tamarisk Salt.
1578Lyte Dodoens vi. xv. 677 Swine which haue bene dayly fedde out of a trough..made of *Tamarisk tree or timber, haue bene seene to haue no milt at al. [Cf. Pliny N.H. 24. 9. 41.] c1611Chapman Iliad vi. 37 Low-growne Tamricke trees. 1876Oxford Bible-Helps 116 Of the tamarisk-tree seven species exist in Palestine.
1614Purchas Pilgrimage iv. vii. (ed. 2) 371 Muttering their prayers, holding a bundle of small *Tameriske-twigs.
1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 64 They..make little Casks, Cups, and Dishes of it, which are call'd *Tamarisk Ware.
¶ Erron. used for tamarack, q.v. (quot. a 1817). |