释义 |
cinnabar|ˈsɪnəba(r)| Forms: 4 cynoper, 5 cenopere, cynabare, 6–7 cinaper, 6–8 cinoper, 7 cinnambre, sinaper, synaper, sinopre, cinaber, sinabar, cinabre, cynnaber, 7–8 cinnaber, 7–9 cinabar, 7– cinnabar. [ad. OF. cinabre or L. cinnabaris, ad. Gr. κιννάβαρι, a word of oriental origin: cf. Pers. zanjifrah in same sense. (Cf. MHG. zinober.)] 1. The red or crystalline form of mercuric sulphide (Hg{pp} S). Originally applied to native cinnabar, a rhombohedral mineral, usually of adamantine lustre, the most important ore of mercury. hepatic cinnabar: a variety of native cinnabar of a liver-brown colour.
a1599Hakluyt Voy. II. 229 Great quantitie of quicksilver and Cinaper. 1610B. Jonson Alch. i. iii. (1616) 616 You shall deale much, with mineralls..argaile, alkaly, Cinoper. 1612Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1653) 227 Sinabar..is a deadly medicine made half of quick-silver, and half of Brimstone by Art of fire. 1635Swan Spec. M. vi. (1643) 294 Cinoper..otherwise called Vermilion. 1685Boyle Salub. Air 64 Cinnabar, which is the Ore of Quicksilver. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Bezoar Stone, Others use Cinoper, Antimony, and Quicksilver. 1838–43Arnold Hist. Rome III. xlvii. 398 The cinnabar or sulphuret of quicksilver, of the famous mines of Almaden. 1863–72Watts Dict. Chem. III. 912 Mercuric Sulphide..exists both amorphous and crystallised; in the former state it is black; in the latter, it has a fine red colour and constitutes the well-known pigment called cinnabar or vermillion. 2. The same used as a pigment; vermilion.
1382Wyclif Jer. xxii. 14 [He] maketh cedre couples, and peynteth with cynoper [1388 with reed colour]. c1420Pallad. on Husb. xii. 118 Write oute whate the list with cynabare. 1688R. Holme Armoury i. 13 The colors..swarvy red, synaper, or lake color. 1784J. Barry Lect. Art vi. (1848) 213 Blue, white, and black, with here and there perhaps a tincture of cinnabar. 1812Davy Chem. Philos. 441 A cake of a fine red colour, called cinnabar, and known in commerce under the name of vermilion. †b. transf. A red colour like that of vermilion.
1616Drummond of Hawthornden Sonn. xxvi, From th' orient borrowing gold, from western skies Heavenly cinabre. 3. cinnabar of antimony: ‘name for sulphuret of antimony, which was formed during an old process for making butter of antimony, in which mercury was used’ (Syd. Soc. Lex.).
1674R. Godfrey Inj. & Ab. Physic 29 To work he went on Gold and Mercury..conjoyn'd them with Antimony..and firmly resolv'd, after he had made it into a Cinnabar that it should be Horizontal Gold. 1751Chambers Cycl. s.v. Cinnabar of Antimony, a composition of mercury, common sulphur, and crude antimony, sublimed. †4. Dragon's blood; properly the red resinous juice of a tree, but formerly believed to be a mixture of Dragon's and Elephant's blood. In this sense usually in the Latin form. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xix. xxvii. (1495) 878. 1599 Hakluyt Voy. II. ii. 331 Sanguis Draconis (that is) Dragons blood, otherwise called Cinnabaris. 1601Holland Pliny II. 532 Cinnambre, which is the mixed bloud of their fel dragons and mighty elephants. 1607Topsell Serpents (1653) 613 His and their bloud is mingled both together, whereof the Ancients made their Cinnabaris. 5. attrib. Vermilion-coloured; deep red or scarlet. So in comb. as cinnabar-red.
1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 250 A precipitate of a dark cinnabar colour. 1864Sala in Daily Tel. 14 Dec., Of a dingy cinnabar tint. 1882Garden 23 Dec. 553/1 Lip white, with a cinnabar botch on the disc. 6. cinnabar moth, collectors' name of Callimorpha Jacobæa, a British moth. |