| 释义 |
chromium Chem.|krəʊmɪəm|
[Latinized form of the French name chrome, on the ordinary type of names of metals in -ium.]
1. A metallic element, symbol Cr, not occuring in the free state, discovered by Vauquelin in 1797. It is remarkable for the brilliant colours, red, yellow, or green, of its compounds.
1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 251 The metal called chromium. 1812Sir H. Davy Chem. Philos. 463 Chromium is a white brittle metal, requiring an intense heat for its fusion. 1870Proctor Other Worlds ii. 42 Besides sodium, the sun's atmosphere contains the vapours of iron, calcium, magnesium, chromium, and other metals.
attrib.1869Roscoe Elem. Chem. 187 Chromium tri⁓oxide.
2. Used in alloys and in electro-plating, esp. chromium-plate = chromium-plating; chromium-plated ppl. a., -plating vbl. n., electro-plated, -plating with chromium. Also transf. and fig.
1924Foundry Trade Jrnl. 7 Aug. 111/1 (heading) Chromium-Plating Steel. 1929Techn. News Bull., Bureau of Standards Mar. 23/1 (heading) Chromium-Plated Laboratory Weights. 1934J. B. Priestley Eng. Journey i. 4 These decorative little buildings, all glass and concrete and chromium plate. 1934T. F. Tweed Blind Mouths i. 3 That great modern place with its marbles and chromium-plated trappings. 1935Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XXXIX. 167 (heading) Chromium coating of surfaces. Ibid., Chromium can be deposited directly on nickel or copper. 1936R. Lehmann Weather in Streets II. 193 Having coffee in the rectangular and zigzag chromium-fitted modern beige lounge. 1936Punch 1 Apr. 392/2 The ‘moderns’ who provide a sort of chromium-plate relief to a story otherwise sombre. 1938E. S. Gardner Case of Shoplifter's Shoe (1939) v. 70 Little individual electric lights shielded in chromium cylinders. 1938Jrnl. R. Aeronaut. Soc. XLII. 977 Chromium plating is also extensively employed to reduce wear of steel parts, such as valve rocker tips. 1940W. Faulkner Portable Faulkner 746 An open..chromiumtrimmed sports car. 1942F. M. Turner Condensed Chem. Dict. (ed. 3) 189/2 Chromium Plating. Chromium plating is the process by which a thin, bright surface layer of metallic chromium is electrodeposited, usually from chromic acid-sulfuric acid baths, for decorative purposes. ‘Hard-chromium’ plating refers to the electrodeposition of thicker, very hard, chromium layers for engineering applications. 1945Poetry Q. Winter 148 The kind of air-conditioned, chromium-plated, gadget-ridden existence which is now considered desirable. 1946J. Cary Moonlight 110 Amanda is completely out of date—absolutely provincial—you don't really like that chromium-plated stuff of hers, Aunty. 1952Times Lit. Suppl. 11 July 449/2 The slickness and chromium-plated vulgarity that made his first novel so..oddly readable. 1959Motor Man. (ed. 36) vii. 212 One of the parts most vulnerable to attack by rust is the chromium plating. Ibid. x. 240 The use of very hard chromium-plated top piston rings. |