| 释义 |
▪ I. chlorite1 Min.|ˈklɔəraɪt|
[ad. Gr. χλωρῖτις (Pliny), name of some green stone, f. χλωρός light green: see -ite.]
A name applied to certain green hydrous silicates of magnesia and alumina occurring in ancient rock-formations, and forming the characteristic ingredients of chlorite slate.
The name was taken as a specific one by Werner in 1789. In 1838 Von Kobell showed that Werner's name included more than one species, and restricted it to the hexagonal chlorite of St. Gothard, from which he separated Ripidolite: various other species have since been established, as Penninite, Delessite, Leuchtenbergite, Clinochlore, Chloritoid, etc., and as ‘chlorite’ has thus become a vague popular term, Dana has given the name of Prochlorite to the St. Gothard mineral on which Werner founded the species.
[1601Holland Pliny II. 626 Chlorites is a stone of a grasse green colour.] 1794Kirwan Min. 194 Chlorite is found in scales either investing other stones, or heaped together..feels greasy. 1807Carne in Phil. Trans. XCVII. 293 It is composed of shist, chlorite, and quartz. 1813Bakewell Introd. Geol. (1815) 41 Chlorite..is nearly allied to talc. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. xiv. (1857) 297 It was encrusted over by a thin layer of chlorite, slippery as the mixture of soap and grease that the ship-carpenter spreads over his slips. 1876Page Adv. Text-Bk. Geol. v. 104.
2. attrib., esp. in chlorite schist, slate, a green slaty rock, consisting of chlorite in foliated plates, often blended with quartz, felspar, or mica, and associated geologically with gneiss and clay-slate; chlorite spar, an old name of chloritoid.
1802Playfair Illustr. Hutton. Th. 12 Micaceous chlorite, hornblend, and siliceous schistus. 1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. iv. (1814) 194 Chlorite Schist..consists of chlorite, a green or gray substance somewhat analogous to mica and feldspar. 1850Daubeny Atom. Th. xii. (ed. 2) 411 Hydro⁓silicates..Example: Chloritespar. 1854Dana Min. 298 Chlorite spar. 1863Lyell Antiq. Man xv. (ed. 3) 298 Three varieties of granite, besides gneiss, chlorite-slate..serpentine. 1873Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XIII. 393 Chlorite rocks.
▪ II. chlorite2 Chem.|ˈklɔəraɪt|
[f. chlor-ine + -ite.]
A salt of chlorous acid (hydrogen chlorite, H Cl O2); e.g. chlorite of silver, silver chlorite, Ag Cl O2, having the form of yellow crystalline scales, which decompose with explosion.
hypochlorite, a salt of hypochlorous acid.
1853Gregory Inorg. Chem. 110 Cl O4, Cl3 O13, and Cl3 O17..they all yield, with potash, mixtures of chlorate and chlorite. 1863–72Watts Dict. Chem. I. 916 Hypochlorites, chlorites, chlorates, and perchlorates of alkali-metal, when strongly heated, are alike converted into chlorides by loss of oxygen. |