| 释义 |
shiner|ˈʃaɪnə(r)|
[f. shine v. + -er1.]
1. a. An object that shines.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. viii. xvi. (1495) 322 The sonne is..shyner of heuen [L. fulgor olympi]. 1633G. Herbert Temple, Christmas 29 Till I finde a sunne Shall stay, till we have done; A willing shiner. 1655Vaughan Silex Scint. iii. Thalia Rediv. 239 O blessed shiner, tell me whither Thou wilt be gone when night comes hither! 1765J. Brown Chr. Jrnl. 140 Where will yon glow-worms of carnal diversions,..yon shiners in the dark, be? 1844Willis Lady Jane i. 326, I cannot shine—but I can see a star—Are there not worshippers as well as shiners? 1859F. Mahony Rel. Fr. Prout 403 A small twinkling shiner..in the wide canopy of heaven.
b. pl. Some Russian instrument of torture.
The word in the quotation is perhaps a misprint for shiver (pulley).
1630[F. Constable] Pathomachia iii. iv. 29 Vnlesse thou confesse, the Russian Shiners, the Scottish Bootes,..and Peare of Confession shall torment thee.
c. pl. Coin, money, esp. sovereigns or guineas; occas. sing., a silver or gold coin. slang.
1760Foote Minor ii. Wks. 1799 I. 251 To let a lord of lands want shiners; 'tis a shame. 1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. II. 63 So I shows him a shiner. 1838Dickens O. Twist xix, Is it worth fifty shiners extra, if it's safely done from the outside? 1851Mayne Reid Scalp Hunters ix, I will bring you a mule-load of Mexican shiners. 1887Hayter My Christmas Adv. 9 Within my purse and pocket scarce a shiner.
d. A mirror; spec. one used by cheaters at cards. slang.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Shiner, a looking-glass. 1819Sporting Mag. (N.S.) IV. 230 He then asked me if I had bought shiners? which means glasses. 1909Tit-Bits 14 Aug. 515/2 The ‘shiner’ is carried separately in the pocket until needed, while the gambler smokes the pipe.
e. colloq. A silk hat.
1867F. Francis Bk. Angling vi. 154 A tall black hat, or one of the genus termed ‘shiner’.
f. A diamond or other jewel. Usu. pl. slang.
1884Queenstown Free Press 15 Jan. (Pettman), When they dug it up they at once came to the conclusion it was a real shiner. 1928M. C. Sharpe Chicago May 287 Sparklers, sparks, shiners.., etc.—diamonds. 1934D. L. Sayers Nine Tailors 274, I never had those shiners. 1959[see ice n. 4 c].
g. A black eye. slang.
1904‘No. 1500’ Life in Sing Sing 253/1 Shiner, a discolored eye. 1932[see heck n. and int.]. 1934A. Merritt Burn Witch Burn! vii. 89 All I can do is..be dignified an' maybe hand out a shiner or two if they get too rough. 1943C. S. Forester Ship xviii. 114 That's a rare shiner you've got there, Grant. 1958C. Williams Man in Motion (1959) iii. 29 At first I thought it was because of the shiner and the bruises on my face, but then I began to wonder. 1967[see left n. 2 a]. 1977Daily Mirror 16 Mar. 3/5 Annie Walker, Coronation Street's snooty landlady, is about to show up in the snug..sporting a real shiner. But her black eye is not the result of a well-rehearsed punch-up in the taproom.
h. Paper-making. A glistening particle of a mineral impurity on the surface of finished paper.
1922Manufacture of Pulp & Paper III. viii. 3 In colored papers, shiners will not take the dye. 1963R. A. Higham Handbk. Papermaking vii. 197 When super⁓calendering papers with a high percentage of straw in the furnish, there is a tendency towards shiners and windows.
2. One who shines:
a. One who excels or is eminent.
1810Splendia Follies III. 106 He was never formed for a shiner through life. 1847Halliwell, Shiner, a clever fellow. North.
b. pl. A nickname for the Northumberland Fusiliers, formerly the 5th Foot.
1891Dict. Nat. Biog. XXV. 3/1 The 5th was..popularly known as the ‘Shiners’, from its smart appearance and attention to parade details.
c. A bootblack.
191219th Cent. Nov. 1018 An occasional white face may be seen even among the noisy shiner boys, and the little white shiner works continuously.
d. A window-cleaner. slang.
1958Listener 20 Nov. 818/2 His fellow shiners disregarded the L.C.C. by-law, because very few windows are equipped with metal hooks for holding on a safety belt. 1967Sunday Times 8 Jan. 3/7 Len is widely regarded as London's top ‘shiner’ (window cleaner). 1977Centuryan (Office Cleaning Services) Christmas 1/1 There we were, shiners and cleaning ladies, surrounding Fred and Dora on the float by the London Wall.
3. a. Applied to various small silvery fishes; the young of the mackerel; U.S. any of various small freshwater fishes, chiefly cyprinoids as the dace.
golden shiner, a fish of the genus Nometigonus.
1836Yarrell Brit. Fishes I. 124 The young Mackerel, which are called Shiners, are from four to six inches long by the end of August. 1836J. Richardson Fauna Bor.-Amer. iii. 122 Cyprinus (Leuciscus) chrysoleucas... New York Shiner. 1839Kirtland in Bost. Jrnl. Nat. Hist. III. 339 Luxilus elongatus... The Red-bellied Shiner. Ibid. 341 L. dissimilis... The Spotted Shiner. 1844O. W. Holmes Lines Berksh. Jubilee 46 Oh, what are the prizes we perish to win To the first little ‘shiner’ we caught with a pin. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 99 The ‘Sailor's Choice’..bears several other names..as the ‘Porgy’ and ‘Shiner’. 1893Outing XXII. 89/2 A golden shiner about five inches in length.
b. = silver-fish 2. (In mod. Dicts.) |