| 释义 |
▪ I. sheth dial. and techn.|ʃɛθ|
Forms: 5 scheth, (9 sheath), 8– sheth.
[Cogn. w. WFlem. schet, schette rail, bar of a gate, palisade, etc.; f. the Teut. root *skaiþ to divide, split: see shed v., sheath. Cf. also WFlem. schee cross-bar, rung of a ladder, one of the laths forming the bottom of a wheelbarrow, etc. See also sheath2.
The etymological sense would be split piece of wood (cf. the cognate shide). The OE. form cannot be inferred from the data, but may possibly be represented by ONorth. scæþþa, sceaþa (if the vowel in that word be long), which occurs in the Lindisfarne and Rushworth Gospels John xx. 25 in the sense of nail, and as the second element of hornsceaþ- ‘pinnaculum (templi)’ in Matt. iv. 5 (Lind.); a. MDu. schede fem., metal pin or peg, appears to correspond to this.]
1. A bar or lath, esp. one of a number placed alongside each other so as to form a framework. spec. in various applications.
a. One of the bars or ‘ribs’ forming the framework for the bottom or sides of a wagon, railway-coach, etc.
1496Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 281 Item..to Will Walkar of Leith, for xxiiij schort treis to be schethis to the cartis,..xxiiij s. 1764J. Buddle in B. Martin's Gen. Mag. June 285 The body of the waggon is in form of an inverted prismoid..having strong pieces of oak or ash wood at the bottom called Soals, at the corners and sides called Sheths. 1838N. Wood Railroads (ed. 3) 208 Upright sheths are placed upon the side frames, and cross sheths as shown in the figures. 1851Greenwell Coal-trade Terms, Northumb. & Durh. 47 Sheths, the ribs of a chaldron waggon. 1894Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., ‘Waggon sheth’, the group of ribs forming the framework. ‘Tram sheth’, the cross ties in a tram which connect the soles or main framework.
b. In a ladder: Each of ‘the broader steps, introduced at intervals, between the rungs, to bind the structure together’ (Northumbld. Gloss. 1894).
c. In a harrow: see quot. 1894. Also collect.
1788Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) I. 276/1 The bulls are connected by four sheths. 1894Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., ‘Harrow sheth’, the cross bars of a harrow, intersecting the ‘bulls’ or longitudinal bars.
2. ‘A group of parallel rows which stand at right angles to similar and adjoining or intersecting rows’ (Northumbld. Gloss. 1894).
a. Agriculture. (See quot. 1894.)
1431Munim. de Melros (Bannatyne Club) 524 Sexten akris of land togithir lyand in þe samyn scheth of land west fra þe said saynte mary rig. 1829Brockett N.C. Gloss. (ed. 2), Sheth, a portion of a field, which is divided so as to drain off the water by the direction of the ploughings, called sheths; i.e. a separated part. 1894Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., In the unenclosed town fields a group of parallel strips of ploughed land, which adjoined a similar group lying at right angles, formed a sheth.
b. Mining. (See quots.)
1812J. Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1857) I. 95 Till it [the air] traversed the newly-formed sheth or set of workings. 1860Eng. & Foreign Mining Gloss. (ed. 2) Newcastle 63 Sheth of bords, a district of workings. 1894Northumbld. Gloss. s.v., ‘Sheth of boards’, a group of cross workings in a coal pit... When a panel or division of a colliery is referred to, the group of parallel excavations which have been driven at right angles to the cleavage of the coal (the boards) are spoken of as a ‘sheth of boards’.
attrib.1812J. Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1857) I. 95 The walls which have stoppings in them are called sheth-walls, and those which are open loose-walls. 1816J. H. H. Holmes Coal Mines Durh. & Northumb. 247 Sheth, Sheth-door, Sheth-stoppings &c.—different means used for regulating the passage of the air through the boards, headways, &c.
▪ II. sheth(e, shether
see sheath, sheder. |