| 释义 |
sharply, adv.|ˈʃɑːplɪ|
[f. sharp a. + -ly2.]
In a sharp manner.
1. Severely, sternly, harshly.
a. Of punishment, discipline, etc. Now rare.
c900Bede Glosses in O.E. Texts 181/47 Acerbatim, scearplice. c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 67 In tokene þat he scharpliest schal ponysche hem þat don symonye. 1415Hoccleve To Sir J. Oldcastle 278 Yee heretikes..I doute it nat, your wages shal be payed sharply, but yee correct your trespas. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 82 b, The body must be entreated sharpely, that it waxe not wanton and wylde. 1557N. T. (Genev.) Matt. xxii. 6 And the remnant toke his seruantes, and intreated them sharpely. 1677J. Leverett in Jrnl. Friends' Hist. Soc. (1912) July 134 [The Lord] was pleased to lay his hand so sharply upon me by fits of the stone in a time of great business.
b. Of speech, rebuke, command: Sternly, severely, harshly, peremptorily; in cutting terms; in stern or angry tones.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 3450 When þou spekes sharppely til þe pure, Þat sum gode askes at þi dore. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋583 Whan a man is sharply amonested in his shrift to leve his sinne. c1450in Aungier Syon (1840) 269 Repreve scharply. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 971 The king wrote sharpely to him to accomplish yt which appertayned to his duety. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ i. iv. §4. 61 Though he be sharply censured by Strabo. 1829Scott Anne of G. xxv, ‘By Saint George, never!’ answered the Duke, sharply and shortly. 1870R. Broughton Red as Rose I. 169 ‘He hates the game’, replies Miss Blessington, rather sharplier than is her wont.
2. With sharp or painful effect; keenly, smartly.
a1023Wulfstan Hom. xxix. (1883) 141 Se deofol..cwæð..‘stingað hine scearplice on þone muð’. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) ii. 6 It was of iunkes of the see, þat ware whyte and prikked scharpely as thornes. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 930 Sa woundir scharply he schair, The berne that the brand bair. 16022nd Pt. Return fr. Parnass. v. iv. 2162, I wish thee store of gall, Sharpely to wound the guilty world withall. 1724Lond. Gaz. No. 6240/5 It froze..sharply. 1831Scott Ct. Rob. xx, Her own well aimed, but feeble shaft, wounded him [the boar] sharply. 1851Gladstone in Lathbury Corr. Ch. & Relig. (1910) I. 358 Such griefs..must be sacred to me, even did they not touch me sharply with a reflected sorrow. 1852Thackeray Esmond ii. i, A fever..which attacked him that night pretty sharply. 1865Kingsley Herew. ii, An arrow struck him sharply in the back.
3.
†a. With intellectual acuteness; acutely, sagaciously, shrewdly. Obs.
c897ælfred Gregory's Past. C. xi. 68 Ða þe meahton smealice & scearplice mid hiera ondᵹiete ryht ᵹesion. 1382Wyclif Prol. 58 Men miȝten expoune..the bible in English,..myche sharpliere and groundliere than manie late postillatouris. c1450Holland Howlat 268 Mony allegiance leile, in leid nocht to layne it, Off Arestotill and ald men, scharplie thai schewe. 1621S. Ward Happiness of Practice (1627) 10 His scope sure was not to make trial of the wits of men, who could sharpliest conceiue. 1699Bentley Phalaris 497 Who can deny now, but this is sharply observ'd?
b. Attentively, with penetration and keen observation; vigilantly, closely.
c1055Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia VIII. 309, & hawa swyðe scearplice hwær sy .xii. kl' aprelis. a1340Hampole Psalter lxiii. 6 Þe sharpliere þat þai thynke, þe mare þai faile fra sothfastnes. c1420Wars Alex. (prose) (E.E.T.S.) 40 Alexander..biheld þe Phisician in þe vesage riȝte scharpely. 1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 32 æneas..thee towne top sharplye beholding. 1666Pepys Diary 16 Dec., This Committee of Accounts will enquire sharply into our office. 1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey II. 191 A salutary hint as to..the benefit of being tolerably sharply on the look out. 1879B. Taylor Germ. Lit. 144 Their business was to listen sharply.
4. a. Briskly, swiftly, quickly.
a1000Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 226/33 Efficaciter, i. uelociter, caflice, scearplice. 1338R. Brunne Chron. (1725) 244 To Wales he went his way fulle scharply, & fulle brim. c1400Brut (1906) 283 Þe Scottis..come fast and sharpely aȝeynes evesong tyme. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 426 The Englishe men shot so closely and so sharpely together, that the Flemynges and footemen began to flie. 1688Clayton in Phil. Trans. XVIII. 121 They Ride pretty sharply. 1741Short Ibid. XLI. 628 It went all over this Country from North to South, pretty sharply, but nothing near so quick as a Glade of Lightning. 1829Scott Anne of G. xix, [He] drew in his head, and shut the window sharply against the guest. 1859Tennyson Marr. Geraint 196 Geraint..Made sharply to the dwarf, and ask'd it of him. 1912Times 19 Dec. 19/6 Prices soon recovered and advanced sharply in the afternoon.
b. Of conflict or attack: Eagerly, vigorously.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 724 Al so scharply þes men of mayn þan smyte to-gadre aȝy. 1535Coverdale Lam. iii. 52 Myne enemies hunted me out sharpely like a byrde. 1678Wanley Wond. Lit. World v. ii. §82. 478/2 Solyman..sharply besieged and assaulted Vienna. 1737Whiston Josephus, Antiq. xiv. xv. §12 He pursued them sharply, and killed them.
c. Abruptly.
1828Scott F.M. Perth viii, Some of them [sc. the blows] lighted upon Jezabel, who, turning sharply round, laid her rider upon the moor. 1889Gunter That Frenchman i. 9 ‘Which, by the by, isn't his right name’, remarks de Verney, sharply closing his speech.
5. With a sharp edge or point; at or with an acute angle.
c1400Rom. Rose 1723 He took an arowe ful sharply whet. 1567J. Maplet Gr. Forest 47 b, It is like that figure which the Geometricians call Pyramis, we may say sharpely topped. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 543 Leaves egg⁓shaped, streaked, sharply toothed. 1827Faraday Chem. Manip. xvi. (1842) 424 It is to be bent, not sharply, but obtusely and roundly. 1860L. Reeve Elem. Conchol. I. 149 Shell.., apex rather sharply acuminated.
6. With a sharp sound.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) III. 29 Oon of þe goldene calues..lowede ful scharpliche. 1808Scott Marm. vi. xxii, Deep need that day that every string By wet unharmed should sharply ring. 1825― Talism. v, A shrill whistle..was heard to ring sharply through the vaulted chapel.
7. Definitely, distinctly.
1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. II. 156 In no system is the distinction between the individual and God..more sharply drawn than in that of Spinoza. 1874H. H. Cole Catal. Ind. Art S. Kens. Mus. 127 Sharply and well carved decoration. 1893Liddon Life Pusey I. x. 198 This election [Peel v. Inglis] divided men sharply throughout Oxford. 1907J. A. Hodges Elem. Photogr. (ed. 6) 123 The image having been sharply focussed.
8. Smartly, fashionably.
1965V. Canning Whip Hand ii. 15, I was sharply dressed for the part, young man on holiday, well-heeled. 1981P. Inchbald Tondo for Short vii. 73 He was dressed as sharply as he could manage.
9. Comb. With pples., forming adjs., as sharply-bitted, sharply-chiselled, sharply-defined, sharply-discerning, sharply-focussed; † sharply-conceived, having a keen, ready wit.
1844H. G. Robinson Odes of Horace i. viii, Why now no more..Does he..with the *sharply bitted rein His Gallic courser's mouth restrain?
1854tr. Hettner's Athens, etc. 54 These bold, *sharply-chiselled, expressive faces.
1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 56 The Italian is more courteous... *Sharply conceived, of fresh memory.
1865Visct. Milton & W. B. Cheadle N.-W. Passage by Land viii. (1867) 116 The clear, *sharply-defined track of the active mink. 1879St. George's Hosp. Rep. IX. 601 A sharply-defined ulcer.
1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. I. ii. i, A quick, choleric, *sharply discerning, stubbornly endeavouring man.
1892Photogr. Ann. II. 265 A *sharply focussed representation of a distant object. |