| 释义 |
▪ I. shank, n.|ʃæŋk|
Forms: α. 1 sceanca, scanca, scance, 2–3 scanke, 3 (Ormin) shankk, 3–7 schank(e, shanke, 4 sschanke, 4–5 schanke, 6 shainke, shankke, sanke, shaunck, 6–7 shanck(e, 5– shank. β. 1 sconca, sconc, 3 sconke, shonke, (soncke), 3–4 schonke.
[OE. sc(e)anca wk. masc. corresponds to LG. schanke leg, thigh, Flem. schank bone (Sw., Da. skank, Norw. skonk thigh, prob. from LG.):—WGer. *skankan-; also, with difference of declension, to MLG. schenke, Du. schenk leg-bone (:—*skanki-); a derivative from the same grade of the root is MLG., MHG., mod.G. schenkel thigh (WGer. *skankila-). From other grades of the root (*skink-: *skank-: *skunk-) are OS. scinka, gl. L. ‘basis’, ‘tibia’ (MLG. schinke thigh, ham), OHG. scinko masc., scinka fem., leg-bone, thigh (MHG. schinke masc., thigh, ham, mod.G. schinken masc., ham); OFris. skunka, sconck (mod.Fris. skonk, schunk), LG. (Koolman) schunke thigh, ham, Du. schonk bone. The OE. str. form sconc neut. (see 1 e) may belong to either the a or the u grade.
The root agrees formally, and may be identical, with that of ON. skakk-r wry, distorted (:—OTeut. *skanko-), which is prob. cogn. w. Gr. σκάζειν (:—pre-Hellenic *sq'ngy-) to limp. Even assuming the identity of the root, however, the etymological meaning of the Teut. ns. remains obscure.]
1. a. That part of the leg which extends from the knee to the ankle; the tibia or shin-bone. Also (now jocularly) the leg as a whole; chiefly pl. one's legs.
αc1000Ags. Gosp. John xix. 33 Þa hi to þam hælende comon & ᵹesawon þæt he dead wæs ne bræcon hi na his sceancan. c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 160/15 Crus, scance; crura, sceanca. c1200Ormin 4775 Brest, & wambe, & þes, & cnes, & fet, & shannkess. a1300Cursor M. 14064 And sco hir vnttement me broght And smerd has me fote and schank. Ibid. 28002 If þou..has bituix hir scankes gan or tirid or tut or skirt vptan. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xviii. 81 Men ballokes hyngez doune to þaire schankes. c1430Chev. Assigne 326 Thenne thei styrte vp on hy with staloworth shankes. 1538Elyot Dict., Parastata, also one of the bones in the shanke of the legge. 1596Spenser F.Q. iv. x. 25 Sundry flowring bankes, To sit and rest the walkers wearie shankes. 1635[Glapthorne] Lady Mother ii. i. in Bullen O. Pl. II. 131 Come, stir your shanks nimbly or Ile hough you. 1674Scheffer Lapland v. 12 Slender wasts, spindle shanks, and swift of foot. 1784Cowper Task v. 16 With eye askance I view the muscular proportion'd limb Transform'd to a lean shank. 1888Stevenson Kidnapped xiv, My stockings..were quite worn through, so that my shanks went naked. 1890H. G. Dakyns tr. Xenophon's Anab. iii. ii. Wks. I. 156 In fact we, on our stout shanks, are better mounted than those cavalry fellows.
βa900Kent. Glosses 58 in O.E. Texts 173 Tibiis, sconcum. a1000Sal. & Sat. 101 (Gr.), Læteð flint brecan scines sconcan. c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 211 At pleȝe þih and shonkes and fet oppieð, wombe gosshieð, and shuldres wrenchieð. c1205Lay. 5863 Lihteð of eowre blanken and stondeð on eowre sconken. a1225Ancr. R. 258 Þeo ilke reouðfulle garcen of þe luðere skurgen, nout one in his [Christ's] schonken, auh ȝeond al his leofliche licome. a1225Juliana 48 Ich habbe i-blend men ant ibroken ham þe schonken & te schuldren baðen. a1450Myrc Par. Pr. 780 Wrynge þou not wyth þy schonkes.
b. Shanks' (or Shanks's) mare, Shanks's pony, etc.: one's own legs as a means of conveyance.
a1774Fergusson Poems (1807) 333 And auld shanks-naig wad tire, I dread, To pace to Berwick. a1795S. Bishop Poet. Wks. (1796) I. 204 I'd rather..ride on Shanks's Mare. 1823Scott Fam. Lett. 11 Feb. (1894) II. xix. 167, I found shanksnaigie..the only way of moving by which I could get out to dinner. 1898Watts-Dunton Aylwin xii. iii, I'll start for Carnarvon on Shanks's pony.
c. The lower part of the foreleg of some animals, spec. of a horse, that part between the so-called knee and the fetlock, corresponding to the metacarpus. Also, the tarsus of a bird; the tibia or fourth joint of the leg of an insect.
[c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 362 Nim blæces hundes deades þone swyþran fotsceancan.] a1000Phœnix 310 (Gr.), Sindon þa scancan [of the Phœnix] scyllum biweaxen, fealwe fotas. 1545T. Scalon Treat. Astron. (MS. Ashm. 391) lf. 1 In Tauro..the schank or sperlure. 1584B. R. tr. Herodotus ii. 82 b, Making him [Pan] to haue the head and shankes of a goate. 1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 147 The marrow of the shanks [of the Crane] is used in ophthalmick unguents. 1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. (1681) 194 The Bees by their pale coloured Shanks at their return home, shew whence they have their Store. a1777Goldsm. Epil. Harlequin 31 ‘The deuce confound,’ he [the stag] cries, ‘these drumstick shanks.’ 1816Kirby & Sp. Entomol. xxii. (1818) II. 286 These legs..vary in larvæ of the different orders: but they seem in most to have joints answering to the hip (coxa); trochanter; shank (tibia). a1843J. F. South Zool. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VII. 284/1 The legs [of insects] are divided into five parts,—the hip, trochanter, thigh, shank, and foot. 1881Romanes in Fortn. Rev. Dec. 751 The so-called knee of the horse is really the wrist or ankle, and the so-called shank, the middle toe or finger very much enlarged.
d. As part of a joint of meat, e.g. in a ham, a leg of mutton, etc.
1806A. Hunter Culina (ed. 3) 180 Good broth, made of shank of beef, or veal and mutton. 1837M. Donovan Dom. Econ. II. 279 A ham without its shank. 1877Mrs. Forrester Mignon I. 60 He brings in triumph a basket out of which sticks the shank of a huge leg of mutton. 1908C. H. Senn Pocket Dict. Foods & Culinary Encyclopædia 132 Shank Jelly, a kind of savoury jelly, lightly seasoned, recommended to weak people.
†2. pl. A kind of fur obtained from the legs of animals, esp. kids, goats or sheep, used for trimming outer garments. Obs.
1480Wardrobe Acc. Edw. IV in Privy Purse Esp. Eliz. York, etc. (1830) 116 A furre of blac bogy shanks. 1502North Country Wills (Surtees) 268 My gowne of tawney furred with shankles [sic]. 1531Rec. St. Mary at Hill 43 A nolde gowne of blake furryd with blake sankes. 1570Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees 1860) 330 One gowne faced with Shanks. 1607Cowell Interpr. s.v. Furre, Shankes be the skin of the shanke or legge of a kind of kid which beareth the furre that we call Budge.
3. Sc. A stocking, or that part of it which covers the leg; esp. a stocking in process of being knitted. Also U.S. pl. leggings.
c1546P. Vaus in Agnew Hered. Sheriffs Galloway (1893) I. 362, I pray yow vat ye vaild send me sum mo schankis, for them that I haine vill be schone doine. 1603Philotus xxx, Ȝour schankis of silk ȝour veluot schone. 1611in W. Macgill Old Ross-sh. (1909) 142 Twa pair of schanks wt ane hatt [etc.]. 1644–5Aberd. Acc. in Spalding Club Misc. V. 164 Item, two pair wovin whyte shankis to him, at threttie shillings ye pair, 3 lib. a1867W. Anderson in Mod. Sc. Poets Ser. ii. (1881) 235 Jean scrapit a livin' wi' weavin' at shanks. 1871W. Alexander Johnny Gibb (1873) 213 The lang evenin's 's drawin' on noo, an' it's tiresome nae to hae a bit shank to tak i' yer han' files. 1888Harper's Mag. Oct. 510/1 Four or five pairs of heavy woollen socks cover his feet, and over them is placed a pair of caribou shanks.
4. transf.
†a. Each of the ‘legs’ of a pair of compasses. Also each of the ‘legs’ of a triangle. Obs.
1587Golding De Mornay vii. 87 In the drawing of a Circle, the one shanke of the Compasses is set fast in some place, and the other shanke is caried round about. 1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. vii. xxxix. §5. 344 All men [have]..the shank of their Compasse so set in a center that the Circle of their lines are [etc.]. 1679A. Lovell Indic. Univ. 159 The Isocele, or Triangle of equal Shanks.
b. Each of the two portions of a pair of scissors between the bow and the joint.
1833J. Holland Manuf. Metal II. 40 Ladies' and fancy scissors, the shanks of which have been composed of rich open work. 1859F. S. Cooper Ironmonger's Catal. 63 Scissors..Bent Blade and Shank.
c. Arch. pl. The plane spaces between the grooves of the Doric triglyph.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 593 Shanks; the intersticial spaces between the channels of the trigliph, in the Doric frieze; sometimes called Legs. 1836–50Parker Gloss. Archit. (ed. 5).
d. Each of the two checks or side-pieces of a spur.
1891in Century Dict.
5. The stem or straight part of anything. Cf. shaft n.2
a. The stem of a goblet, glass, etc.
1553Inv. Ch. Goods York, etc. (Surtees) 168 The foote, shancke, and knoppe of the challaice. 1583–4New Yrs. Gifts in Nichols Progr. Eliz. (1823) II. 420 Oone sault, the foote, shainke, and cover of lapis-lazule. 1625in Rymer Fœdera XVIII. 238/1 One Salte of Goulde..haveing uppon the Shanke three great course Saphires. 1826Galt Last of Lairds iii. 28 He had the shank o' the very glass in his hand he had held to his old frien's lips.
b. The straight part of a nail or pin, between the head and the taper of the point. Also of a drill or borer.
1483Act 1 Rich. III, c. 12 §2 No Merchant Stranger..shall bring into this Realm..Latten Nails with Iron Shanks. 1542–3Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII, c. 6 Pinnes..such as shal..haue the heads soudered fast to the shanke. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. i. 7 An hole..to set the blunt end of the shank of the Drill in. 1725Bradley's Fam. Dict. s.v. Shoeing Horses, The Shanks of the Nails should be somewhat flat, and the Points sharp. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 20 A shank or small mandrel..with a square hole..at the end of it, into which drill bits of various sizes can be alternately inserted. 1840P. Parley's Ann. I. 174 The coral animal is..not much larger than a pin's shank.
c. The stem of a plant († Sc. also the trunk of a tree); the pedicel or footstalk of a flower; the footstalk or connecting part of any organ in a plant.
1513Douglas æneis iv. viii. 70 And like as quhen the anciant aik tre, With his byg schank, be north wynd oft we se Is vmbeset. 1565Reg. Privy Council Scot. I. 413 Ane penny..havand on the one syde ane palmetre crownit, ane schell padocke crepand up the schank of the samyn. 1617Markham Country Housew. Garden ix. (1648) 96 Set slips without shankes any time, except [etc.]. [a1693Urquhart's Rebelais iii. xiii. 109 One Apple of the shortshank Pepin-kind.] 1710Ruddiman Gloss. Douglas' æneis s.v. Schank, And Scot. the stalk of any herb or plant is called the shank. 1750G. Hughes Barbados 211 Its long tubular shank is finely rayed, the inside with purple-bluish veins. 1751Chambers Cycl. (ed. 7) s.v. Clove, Cloves must be chosen dry,..and if possible, with the shank on. 1796C. Marshall Gardening xiv. (1813) 197 Earth up the shanks [of cucumber plants] with dry mould. 1820Shelley Sensit. Pl. iii. 56 And the dock, and henbane, and hemlock dank, Stretched out its long and hollow shank. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 235 They are connected..by means of shanks or diverging limbs, which are attached to the neighbouring bundles on either side.
†d. The tunnel of a chimney. Obs.
c1525Contract in Gage Hengrave (1822) 42 The schanck of the chymnies. 1538Elyot Dict., Fumarium,..also the shanke or tonell of a chymneye. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey).
e. The shaft or stem of an anchor, connecting the arms and the stock.
1549Compl. Scot. vi. 40 Than thai maid fast the schank of the ankyr. 1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 16 The Anchor hath a stocke, a ring, a shanke, a flouke. a1779Cook 3rd Voy. Pacific iii. viii. (1784) II. 129 The ring, with part of the shank, and the two palms [of the anchor] were now wanting. 1882Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 165 The shank lying athwartships under the boat. 1905Geil Yankee in Pigmy Land xxv. 375 Had the steering gear of the ‘Flandre’ broken, we should have gone over the cataracts in spite of the shanks being ready to cast.
† f. The stem of a candlestick. Obs.
1577tr. Bullinger's Decades iii. v. (1592) 347 So then Christ is the shanke or shaft of the candlesticke. 1611Coryat Crudities 244 Hard by this Altar are two very rich candlestickes..; the whole shanke betwixt the base and the socket being about eight foot high. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Shank,..the Stem of a Candle-stick.
g. The straight part of a fish-hook, to which the line is attached.
a1613J. Dennys Secrets Angling i. xviii, His Shank should neither be to short nor long, His point not ouersharpe, nor yet too dull. 1741Compl. Fam.-Piece ii. ii. 331 Lay your Line on the Inside of the Shank. 1910H. T. Sheringham in Encycl. Brit. II. 28/2 (Angling), A leaded hook round the shank of which is twisted bright-coloured wool.
†h. The neck of a still or alembic. Obs.
1600Surflet Country Farm iii. lxxvi. 608, C Is the shanke, which must be a foote long at the least, and is otherwise called the neck of the stillitorie.
i. The cylindrical portion of a stop-cock.
1660Boyle New Exp. Phys. Mech. Proem 11 There was soder'd on to the shank of the Cock..a Plate of Tin. 1797J. Curr Coal Viewer 55 Injection Cocks. To be made of brass with square shanks.
j. Typog. The body of a type, as distinguished from the shoulder, face, and foot.
1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing 390 The square Mettle the Face of a Letter stands on, is called the Shank of a Letter. 1885Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iv. 219/2 Low spaces and quads must all be raised to the level of the height of the shanks of the letters prior to moulding.
k. The stem of a key, between the bow and the bit.
1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. i. 6 The shank of a Key also, or some such long hole, the Punch cannot strike. 1686Lond. Gaz. No. 2132/4 Lost.., a large Key with a Coronet and fluted Shank filed cross.
l. The stem of a tobacco-pipe.
1688Holme Armoury iii. xxii. (Roxb.) 271/2 Long shanks [of a Tobacco-pipe]... Short shanks or ends. Ibid. 272/1 A Shanking toole..to rub and polish and make smooth the shanks of the pipes. 1758Reid tr. Macquer's Chym. I. 404 Keep stirring the mixture with the shank of a tobacco-pipe. 1898J. Macmanus Bend of Road 46 He ran a straw down the shank of his pipe.
m. The slender part between the flattened handle and the bowl of a spoon; the narrow part of a spoon-handle. Also, the handle of a ladle.
1688Holme Armoury iii. xiv. (Roxb.) 6/1 Spoons are made plaine, but with wrought shanks, and heads with diuerse devises. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 585 By lifting it [the glass] out in flat copper ladles with iron shanks.
n. The blank part of a screw, or screw-bolt, between the thread and the head.
1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. ii. 28 You must make wide holes, big enough to receive the shank of the Screw. Ibid. 29 The shank of the Screw..must be Forged square near the Head. 1770Luckombe Hist. Printing 300 The shanks of these Screws are made so long as to reach through the Head and through the Cap: at the upper-end of these shanks is made male-screws. 1892Photogr. Ann. II. 217 The narrow part of slot slips down over shank of screw, and the head holds the shelf firmly in its place.
o. Arch. The shaft of a column.
1736Gentl. Mag. VI. 652/2 It [Pompey's Column] is made up of three Pieces, of which the Chapiter is one, the Shank and three Feet of the Basis forms the second, and the Basis compose the third.
p. Sc. The shaft of a pit or mine.
1790A. Wilson Poems 265 (Jam.) Nine score o' fathoms shanks down lead, To let the hammerin' core in. 1887Service Dr. Duguid xxi. 138 This lowsing the stanes in the shank, so chirted oot the bratticing that at last [etc.].
q. The tang of a knife, chisel, etc. or part which is inserted in the handle; the continuation of the tang of a tool or instrument.
1688Holme Armoury iii. 388/1 The Shank [of a chisel]. 1807J. Barlow Columb. vii. 346 Strong bayonets, with short firm shanks Protruded from their tubes.
r. (a) The part of a harpoon between the ‘socket’ and the ‘mouth’. (b) The tapering part of an oar between the handle and the blade. (c) dial. The handle of a broom, rake, spade, etc.: see Eng. Dial. Dict.
(a)1820W. Scoresby Acc. Arctic Reg. II. 223.
(b)1857P. Colquhoun Comp. ‘Oarsman's Guide’ 30 The oar or scull [consists] of handle, loom, shank, and blade. 1898Encycl. Sport II. 297/2 (Rowing) Oar... Its chief parts are—the blade, broad and thin, which is dipped in the water, the loom or shank, and the handle, which the oarsman grips.
s. The stylet of a trocar.
1846F. Brittan tr. Malgaigne's Man. Oper. Surg. 393 The surgeon..then plunges in the trocart by a sharp quick blow... He instantly withdraws the shank, supporting with his left hand the canula.
t. The fang of a tooth. rare.
1851Mantell Petrifactions iii. §5. 245 The germ of the coronal portion of the tooth was first secreted and the entire crown completed before the formation of the shank or fang commenced.
u. The narrow part of a boot or shoe which connects the sole with the heel; the waist.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., Shank-cutter, a machine or tool for cutting shanks for boots and shoes. 1886Encycl. Brit. XXI. 830.
v. That part of an axe-head which is between the edge and the back, which in some old forms is drawn out long and thin.
1891in Century Dict.
w. A straight piece of metal tubing fitted to a brass instrument to lower its pitch.
1885G. B. Shaw in Our Corner Nov. 313 Brass instruments have resources in shanks and tuning-slides for flattening. 1938Oxf. Compan. Mus. 114/1 By the addition [to a horn or trumpet] of a crook (a curved additional length of tubing) or a shank (a straight additional length), the fundamental note could be altered. 1977Early Music V. 221/2 Every hand horn that we found..had a C alto shank among the set of crooks.
6. A part or appendage by which something is attached. (Cf. 6 c, ‘footstalk’.)
a. That part of a ring which encircles the finger.
1688Holme Armoury iii. 91/1 (Jewellers' terms.) Shank, is that part as compasseth the Finger, the Ring part. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4691/4 A large enamelled Ring set like a Lozenge, with 18 Diamonds about the Stone and Shank. 1873Catal. Loan Exhib. Anc. & Mod. Jewellery (South Kensington Museum) 72 Gold ring, the shank formed of leaves; in centre a transparent stone. 1928Daily Express 18 June 5/2 The middle stone may be placed into a knife-edged shank with a ‘coronet’ setting, producing a solitaire ring. 1978Morecambe Guardian 14 Mar. 16/5 Mrs Tyson was fined a further {pstlg}20 for stating orally..that a ring was solid gold when it had a hollow shank filled with wax.
b. A lug, stud, or ear, projecting from an object, by which it is held, or which affords a bearing or point of attachment.
1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. ii. 28 This spring is..fixed at the bottom of the Main-plate, by two small shanks proceeding from that edge of the spring that lies against the Main-plate..: These shanks are to be rivetted..on the other side of the Main-plate.
c. (See quot.)
1688Holme Armoury iii. 462/1 The Shank [of the Clapper of a Bell], the length of it to the Ball.
d. The wire loop by which some kinds of buttons are attached.
1790H. Clay Patent in Repertory of Arts (1800) XII. 242 If a shank of metal is wanted or preferred,..the shank is to be put into or through a single piece or pieces of slate or slit stone,..leaving a metal stud, or other ornament, on the top of the button. 1837Whittock Bk. Trades (1842) 86 (Button-maker), To this plate is soldered the eye or ‘shank’ made of wire. 1904Quiller-Couch Fort Amity xv. 180 She..began with her embroidery scissors to snip at the shanks of its breast-buttons.
7. In names of various tools and implements.
†a. A bone pin for slating. Obs.
1716Ford (Northumbld.) Ch.-bks. (MS.), Paid for three pecks of shanks, from Newcastle, 3s. 8d.
b. Founding. A clay-lined ladle having long handles, one of them T-shaped, in which to carry molten metal from the furnace to the mould.
1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 369 A double hand-ladle, or a shank. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Shank, a double hand-ladle, capable of holding 2 to 4 cwt. of melted metal, carried in foundries by from three to five men.
c. pl. (See quot.)
1850Holtzapffel Turning III. 1265 The lenses..are brought to the circular form with flat pliers called shanks, the jaws of which are made of soft iron that they may more readily..take a firm hold.
d. A short rope or chain (spec. = † short for shank-painter); ‘a tie-strap of a halter; the loose end of a rope or chain’ (Funk's Stand. Dict. 1895).
1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Shank, or shank-Painter, (in Sea-Affairs) a short Chain [etc.]. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk., Shank, a rope by which a horse is tied up in the stall.
e. Fishing. (a) A line of pots attached to a rope, used to catch crabs, whelks, etc. (b) = shank-net (see sense 12).
1962Listener 28 June 1105/2 Not far short of 600 fathoms of rope go to one shank of pots (a shank holds thirty-six pots). 1971Country Life 29 Apr. 1000 (caption) Fishermen shooting out their shank of pots. Between 24 and 70 pots are attached at intervals along the rope to form the shank. 1973W. Elmer Terminol. Fishing ii. 72 Shanks are designed to be dragged in shallow waters.
8. Sc. and north. ‘The projecting part of a hill, or the narrow ridge, which, like a stem, joins the mass to the level ground’ (Northumbld. Gloss. 1894).
1602Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 485/2 The south schank of ane hill callit the peithill. 1820Blackw. Mag. Nov. 201, I thought I heard a queer unearthly greet coming down the shank, and wizing ay nearer, and nearer to the byre door. 1887Scotsman 19 Mar., The long ‘shanks’ and the abounding waterfalls.
9. dial. and U.S. The latter end or part of anything: the remainder or last part of a thing. Esp. in phr. shank of the evening.
1828[Carr] Craven Gloss. II. 113 ‘The shank of the evening’, twilight. 1829Virginia Lit. Museum I. 418/2 ‘Won't you spend the balance of the evening with me?’ In some places, shank is quaintly used with the same signification. 1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss. II. 220 The shank of the day. 1856P. Thompson Hist. Boston 722 Shank of the evening, the twilight or dusk of the evening, and in some cases the latter part of it. 1903A. Adams Log of Cowboy xviii. 280 Miller made him knock off along in the shank of the evening. 1972Wodehouse Pearls, Girls, & Monty Bodkin vii. 97 ‘It's very late.’ ‘Shank of the evening.’ 1973Publishers Weekly 19 Nov. 56/2 The stuff that makes the antennae of music pros and music-lovers twitch during cultural quarrels in the shank of a Lincoln Center evening.
10. a. Some unidentified plant (quot. 1657). b. ‘A name applied to plants of the genus Bryonia’ (Worcester 1860 citing Johnson).
1657Beck Universal Charac. K 8, Shanke herb.
11. Golf. An act of striking the ball with the heel of the club.
1942Sun (Baltimore) 8 July 12/7 It should be stated here that a slice isn't a shank. 1960Times 31 May 4/1 Miss Price had a shank at the 13th.
12. attrib. and Comb., as shank-end; † shank-hook, a hook to secure the shank of an anchor when it is being drawn up to the ship's side; shank-jelly (see quot.); † shank-main, the pastern (of a horse); shank-net, a trawl-net used in shrimping; shank-painter = painter2 1; shank-piece (see quot.); † shank-pillion, a pommel.
1837A. Bywater Sheffield Dial. (1839) 170 Nah, mo lads, we'n get'n tot *shank end at year ageean. 1884Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iii. 197/1 Put one [file] in a vice and knock the shank end off.
1485Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 38 Catte hokes with tree..v, *Shanke hokes..iij.
1824New Syst. Cookery 372 *Shank Jelly. Soak twelve shanks of mutton four hours... Pour three quarts of water to them [etc.]. 1898Senn Culin. Encycl. 86 Shank Jelly.
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Paturon de cheval, the *shanke⁓maine of a horse.
1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 14 *Shank Net or Shrimp Net, to be used from a Boat.
1495Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 258 *Shankpayntours feble..ij, Bowpayntours for destrelles feble..j, Shankpayntors for destrelles worne & feble..ij. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. vii. 31 The Shank-painter is a short chaine fastend vnder the fore masts shrouds with a bolt to the ships sides, and at the other end a rope to make fast the Anchor to the Bow. 1642H. Bond Boat Swains Art 17, 4 Shank Panters of 3½ inches. 1 Shank Panter for the Streame Anchor 3 inches. 1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 37 To have Bolts for the Top-tackles, standing Parts of the Sheets, Shank-painter Chains. c1860H. Stuart Seaman's Catech. 57 The shank painter is then passed.
1885Harper's Mag. Jan. 280/1 The sole in a machine-made shoe would mean a sole, an inner sole, *shank piece [etc.].
1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 639/2 The furniture of his horse,..his *shaunckpillion without stirrops.
▪ II. shank
variant of chank (-shell).
1861P. P. Carpenter Mollusca 33 (Cent.) The shank⁓shell is carved by the Cingalese; when found reversed it is considered sacred.
▪ III. shank, v.|ʃæŋk|
[f. shank n.]
1. dial.
a. intr. To walk, to travel on foot; also with const. away. Often to shank it.
a1774Fergusson Poems, King's Birthday 83 If baudrins slip but to the door,..I fear, She'll no lang shank upon all four This time o'year. 1862A. Hislop Prov. Scot. 186 Them that canna ride, maun shank it. 1894P. H. Hunter James Inwick ii. 29 He was michty weel pleased to..shank awa hame to Lempockshaws. 1901G. Douglas Ho. Green Shutters 198 Let him shank it! We're in no hurry to have him home.
b. trans. To cause to walk off, to march (a person) off; refl. to take oneself away.
1816Scott Antiq. xxvii, Then shank yoursell awa to the double folk, or single folk. Ibid. xxxvi, Ye should baith be shankit aff till Edinburgh Castle. 1856J. Ballantine Poems 55 He shankit the snab hame to cobble his shoon. 1898E. W. Hamilton Mawkin iv. 47 And now shank yourself awa before I put hand till ye.
2. intr. Of a plant or fruit: To decay at the stem or footstalk; to be affected with shanking; usually to shank off. Also pass. Cf. shanking 1.
1848Turner in Beck's Florist I. 24 Entire beds [of pansies] have been known to shank off during a very hot summer. 1863Darwin in Jrnl. Proc. Linnean Soc., Bot. VII. 70 Only four capsules [of a Linum] shanked off. 1892Garden Aug. 193/3 The first season..the Grapes shanked badly.
fig.1871H. Macmillan True Vine v. 223 How often alas, is it true of the believer, that his fruit is shanked, remaining sour when it should become sweet and palatable!
3. a. trans. Sc. To sink (a shaft) Also absol. b. intr. dial. To knit stockings. c. trans. in lens-making (see shanking vbl. n. 2).
1821Galt Ann. Parish vi. 64 Three new coal-heughs were shanked. 1825Jamieson s.v., To shank for coals.
1825Jamieson, To Shank,..to knit stockings. 1900C. Murray Hamewith 79 The auld wife's eident wheel gaes birr, The thrifty lasses shank wi' virr.
4. Golf. To strike (the ball) with the heel of the club.
1927Daily Express 26 Oct. 3/4 Of all the awful things a man may do to a golf ball the most demoralising and the most mystifying is to ‘shank’ it. 1942Sun (Baltimore) 8 July 12/7 Try to shank one. That's about the best cure I know after thirty years of golf. 1976Par Golf Aug. 39/2 He had shanked his second and bunkered his third. |