| 释义 |
shah|ʃɑː|
Forms: 6 shawgh, 6–7 shaugh, xa, 6–9 shaw, 7 sa(a, saha, scha, shawe, shagh, 7–8 s(c)hach, schah, sha, 9 shauh, 7– shah.
[a. Pers. shāh, shortened from OPers. χšāyaþiya king, prob. orig. an adj. = ‘mighty’, allied to Skr. kšatra dominion, Gr. κτᾶσθαι to acquire, get, κεκτῆσθαι to possess.]
A Persian title equivalent to ‘king’; in Europe the usual designation of the monarch of Persia (Iran), the padishah.
1566A. Edwards in Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 378 A noble man..in great fauour with the Shaugh. c1575Ducket Ibid. 422 The king of Persia..is called the Shawgh. 1625Purchas Pilgrims I. ii. i. 32 Ismael the Persian Xa, or Sophi. 1662J. Davies tr. Olearius' Voy. Ambass. 250 The Kings of Persia were not called Schachs, as they are now. 1664Marvell Corr. Wks. (Grosart) II. 146 The Shagh of Persia? 1747Gentl. Mag. XVII. 449/1 Advices from Ispahan confirm the death of the late Schah. 1825T. Hook Sayings Ser. ii. Passion & Princ. xv. III. 396 Punkah'd by Ranees and salamed by Shaws. 1828[Morier] Hajji Baba in Eng. I. xiv. 158 The shah's throne, on which he sits to administer justice. 1897L. J. Trotter Life J. Nicholson ii. (1908) 30 Calcutta had heard of the Shah's triumphant return to the Bala Hissar.
b. followed or preceded by a proper name.
1564A. Jenkinson in Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 370, I was sent for to come before the sayd Sophie, otherwise called Shaw Thamas. 1566A. Edwards Ibid. 378 Thomas the Shaugh. 1601Hakluyt Galvano's Discov. World 49 Shaugh Ismael king of Persia. 1614Selden Titles Hon. 110 Ismael is vsually calld Ismael Schah, Shah, or Shach. 1683W. Hedges Diary (Hakl. Soc.) I. 87 Buglagotte, a place where Shaw Susa [i.e. Shujā'] fought a great battle with his brother, y⊇ present Emperour Aureng Zeeb. 1685Ibid. 211, I went to see y⊇ King of Persia, Sha Soliman, ride abroad to take y⊇ aire. 1698Fryer Acc. E. Ind. & P. 171 His Grandfather was a Man in Esteem under Nisham Shaw. 1738[G. Smith] Cur. Relat. II. 570 Shach Sefi caused not many Years ago one Side of the Wall to be lined with Marble Slabs. 1815Elphinstone Acc. Caubul (1842) I. 104 His voice and manner strongly resembled Shauh Shujah's. 1841― Hist. Ind. xii. i. II. 567 The death of Bahádur Sháh [at Lahor] was followed by the usual struggle among his sons. |