| 释义 |
ceorl|cɛərl, tʃɛərl|
the OE. original of churl; often retained by historical writers, to avoid the associations of the later form: An Old English freeman of the lowest class, opposed on one side to a thane or nobleman, on the other to the servile classes.
a1000Laws of Eth. vii. 21 (Thorpe I. 334) We witan ðæt þurh Godes ᵹyfe, þræl wearþ to þeᵹene, and ceorl wearþ to eorle. 1611Speed Theat. Gt. Brit. ii. (1614) 4/1 Ceorle or Churle of their yeomanly condition. 1650C. Elderfield Tythes 85 Every ceorle or husbandman. 1735–8Bolingbroke Parties 193 The Ceorles were Freemen to all Intents and Purposes. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. I. App. i. 95 If the person killed be a clown or ceorle. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (ed. 3) I. iii. 97 The ceorl was..sinking into the villain. 1875Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. viii. 132 In England all who did not become thanes were classed as ceorls. |