| 释义 |
servage|ˈsɜːvɪdʒ|
Also 6 sarvage, 7 servadge.
[a. OF. servage (in med.L. servāgium):—L. type *servāticum, f. servus slave, serf: see -age. Cf. Pr. servage, servagi, It. servaggio.]
†1. Servitude, bondage, slavery. Obs.
c1290Beket 1999 in S. Eng. Leg. 164 Nov wolde ȝe holi churche In grete seruage do. a1300Cursor M. 4193 Þar was ioseph in seruage sald, For tuenti besands. c1386Chaucer Clerk's T. 426 It is greet shame..to been in seruage To thee, that born art of a smal village. c1440Knt. de la Tour (1868) 111 Thei were in seruage as prisoners in Egipte. a1533Ld. Berners Huon cxxviii. 468 The emperour of Almayne who hath..slayne my men, and some kepethe in saruage. 1536Ir. Acts 28 Hen. VIII, c. 3 (1621) 97 The Kings enemies haue them in servadge. 1586A. Day Eng. Secretary ii. (1625) 109 Scanderbeg declaring his wearisomenes of captivitie and servage.
attrib.1567Turberv. Ovid's Ep. H iij, The selfe same man had Iole made in seruage yoke to toyle.
b. fig.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 122 Coueitise & glotonye ben seruage of maumetrie. c1450tr. De Imitatione iii. xi. 79 O þe holy state of religiose seruage [L. famulatus].
†2. Feudal homage, allegiance. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 1059 Is noble seruage Dude to þe heye emperour. c1369Chaucer Dethe Blaunche 769 Al this I put in his seruage As to my lorde, and dyd homage. a1400–50Wars Alex. 918 (Dubl. MS.) This freke of all þe fraunches of kyng philop haldes,..& seruage hym awght. a1533Ld. Berners Huon xxxiii. 105 He doth me yerely seruage by the seruyce of a rynge of gold.
†3. A service, or its equivalent in money or kind, due from a serf to his lord. Obs.
1414Rolls of Parlt. IV. 58/1 The forseide..Chanons hav cleymed..bonde servages and custumes. c1460Oseney Reg. 122, I, Henry of Saunder, clerck, ȝafe..all my londe..with all seruices and seruages, men [etc.]..of the same londe. a1513Fabyan Chron. vii. (1811) 645 The Kyng, y⊇ which yerely oppressyth his subiectys with taskys and other greuouse seruagys. 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 122/2 Ethelwulfe..gaue to them..libertie and freedome from all servage and civill charges.
4. Serfage, serfdom.
1848Mill Pol. Econ. ii. v. I. 298, I speak of negro slavery, not of the servage of the Slavonic nations. |