| 释义 |
serine Chem.|ˈsɛriːn|
Formerly also -in.
[ad. G. serin (E. Cramer 1865, in Jrnl. für prakt. Chem. XCVI. 93), f. L. sēr-icum silk: see -ine5.]
a. A colourless, crystalline amino-acid, CH2OH·CHNH2·COOH, which is widely distributed in animal proteins.
1880Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XXXVIII. 713 Cramer's..serine is isomeric with amidohydroxypropionic acid. 1882Ibid. XLII. 38 It..agrees in all its properties with Cramer's serin from silk, except that it is less soluble in water. 1908Hall & Defren tr. Abderhalden's Text-bk. Physiol. Chem. viii. 149 Serine as it occurs in nature is lævo-rotatory. 1957Fox & Foster Introd. Protein Chem. vii. 122 Serine is convertible to glycine in mammals, a capability that explains also its convertibility to heme. 1975D. A. Bender Amino Acid Metabolism (1978) iii. 59 Both serine and threonine have hydrophilic side-chains and therefore contribute to the hydrophilicity of proteins when they are in exposed regions of the chain.
b. Comb. In names of various enzymes which catalyse reactions of serine or serine residues, or reactions yielding serine.
1938Biochem. Jrnl. XXXII. 403 The decay of dl-serine deaminase appears to be due to a loss from the cell by diffusion of some substance or substances acting as coenzyme. 1943Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CL. 262 The desulfurase and serine dehydrase of mammalian tissue were found to be similar to those of the microorganisms. 1956Ibid. CCXX. 775 Since the reaction we have studied mainly is the formation of serine, and because of the similarity to aldol type reactions, we propose the name serine aldolase for this enzyme system. 1967New Scientist 17 Aug. 353/1 Organophosphorus pesticides..are known to act as competitive inhibitors of the ‘serine esterase’ group of enzymes. 1974Sci. Amer. July 74/2 Serine proteases participate in digestion, in the formation and dissolution of blood clots, in the immune reaction to foreign cells and organisms, in the fertilization of the ovum by the spermatozoon. |