| 释义 |
pyrrolizidine Chem.|ˌpɪrəˈlɪzɪdiːn|
[ad. G. pyrrolizidin (G. Menschikoff 1936, in Ber. d. Deut. Chem. Ges. LXIX. 1802), f. pyrrolidin pyrrolidine with inserted -iz (ult. f. azo- azo-) after chinolizin quinolizine, an analogous compound containing six-membered rings.]
A colourless basic liquid, C7H13N, which has a structure consisting of two fused pyrrolidine rings sharing a carbon and a nitrogen atom; any derivative of this. Freq. attrib., as pyrrolizidine alkaloid, any of a large class of toxic alkaloids based on this structure which occur widely in plants, esp. in the genera Senecio, Crotalaria, and Heliotropium.
[1936Chem. Abstr. XXX. 6379 A satd. tertiary base C8H15N..for which is proposed the name 2-methylpyrrolizidine.] 1939Ibid. XXXIII. 5850 P[relog] and H[eimbach] have found a method of preparing the hitherto unknown pyrrolizidine (I)... The free I is a water-sol. oil of basic odor, b.p. 148°. 1950Thorpe's Dict. Appl. Chem. (ed. 4) X. 710/2 All Senecio and related alkaloids are esters of a cyclic amino-alcohol of pyrrolizidine type with aliphatic or alicyclic acids. 1968New Scientist 20 June 619/2 Many pyrrolizidine alkaloids..not only exert their effects as liver poisons but may also produce lung damage. 1975K. Nakanishi et al. Natural Products Chem. II. x. 299 Recent studies on the metabolism of the alkaloids have shown that it is not the pyrrolizidine alkaloids themselves, but their pyrrole derivatives, formed as metabolites, which exhibit toxicity. |