| 释义 |
▪ I. caricature, n.|ˈkærɪkəˌtjʊə(r)|
[a. F. caricature, ad. It. caricatura, which it has superseded in English. The stress was, and is often still, on u, esp. in the verb and derivatives caricaturing, etc.]
1. In Art. Grotesque or ludicrous representation of persons or things by exaggeration of their most characteristic and striking features.
1827Macaulay Machiav., Ess. (1851) I. 50 The best portraits are perhaps those in which there is a slight mixture of caricature. 1850J. Leitch tr. Müller's Anc. Art §13. 4 A thorough destruction of beauty and regularity by exaggerated characterizing is caricature. 1865Wright (title), History of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and Art.
b. transf. of literary description, etc.
1871Freeman Hist. Ess. Ser. i. i. 5 Stories..which..illustrate, if only by caricature, some real feature in his character.
2. A portrait or other artistic representation, in which the characteristic features of the original are exaggerated with ludicrous effect.
1748H. Walpole Let. G. Montagu 25 July, They look like caricatures done to expose them. 1788Storer in Ld. Auckland's Corr. (1861) II. 207 A pleasant caricature of Lady Archer is lately come out. 1826Syd. Smith Wks. (1859) II. 88/1 You may draw caricatures of your intimate friends. 1883Lloyd Ebb & Flow II. 128 His marked features stood out so strongly that it made his face seem almost like a caricature of himself.
b. transf. of literary or ideal representation.
1756Connoisseur No. 114 Their ideal caricatures have perhaps often represented me lodged at least three stories from the ground. 1841–44Emerson Ess. Nom. & Realism Wks. (Bohn) I. 254 If you criticise a fine genius, the odds are that you are..censuring your own caricature of him. 1853Marsden Early Purit. 245 An early Puritan comes down to us as a distorted caricature, known only as misrepresented in the next century by profligate wits and unscrupulous enemies.
3. An exaggerated or debased likeness, imitation, or copy, naturally or unintentionally ludicrous.
1767Sir T. Meredith in Burke's Corr. (1844) I. 129 You are a caricature of St. Thomas, not to believe, till you saw, what I could do in an election. 1839W. Irving Wolfert's R. (1855) 166 Where they were served with a caricature of French cookery. 1860Smiles Self-Help ix. 251 The monkey, that caricature of our species.
4. attrib.
1845Darwin Voy. Nat. vii. (1879) 139 A caricature-likeness of the Common Swallow. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. xl. 365 A rough caricature drawing by one of the men.
▪ II. caricature, v.
(see prec.)
[f. the n. Cf. F. caricaturer.]
trans. To represent or portray in caricature; to make a grotesque likeness of.
1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. IV. iv. (R.) In revenge for this epistle, Hogarth caricatured Churchill under the form of a canonical bear. 1760Lyttelton Dial. Dead iv, He could draw an ill face, or caricature a good one, with a masterly hand. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. (1874) I. App. 398 The appointed fate of the Renaissance architects, to caricature whatever they imitated.
b. transf. and fig. To burlesque.
1749Smollett Gil Blas 431 It would be caricaturing the peerage to confer it on me. 1862Goulburn Pers. Relig. iv. vii. (1873) 307 The Faith once given to the saints is grievously caricatured.
Hence (from n. and vb.) caricaˈturable a.; caricatured ppl. a.; † caricaturely adv.; † caricaturer (= caricaturist); caricaturing vbl. n.; caricaturish a. (For pronunc. see the n.)
1886Sat. Rev. 31 July 170 A grotesque and caricaturable ugliness. 1813Examiner 5 Apr. 223/1 Those caricatured rogues which give eclat to celebrated plays. 1865Public Opin. 28 Jan. 104 It is the caricatured crinolines that have brought their originals into disfavour. 1759C. Macklin Love à la Mode i. i. (1793) 10 His manner..has something so caricaturely risible in it. 1758Monthly Rev. 319 The most eminent Caracaturers of these times. Ibid. All the humourous effects of the fashionable manner of Caracaturing. 1859Dickens T. Two Cities ii. xiv, With beer-drinking, pipe-smoking, song-roaring, and infinite caricaturing of woe. 1819Blackw. Mag. V 401 Either that..they are rude or weak, caricaturish or insufficient. |