| 释义 |
▪ I. canoe, n.|kəˈnuː|
Forms: α. 6–8 canoa, 7 cannoa; β. 6–8 canow(e, 7 cannow(e, canou(e, 7–8 canoo; γ. 7– caano, cano, 7–8 cannoe, 8– canoe.
[In 16th c. canoa, a. Sp. canoa, a. Haitian canoa, the native name found in use by Columbus. Canoa continued in Eng. use into the 18th c., but before 1600 there appeared a parallel form canow, used with varieties of spelling into the 18th c., which was apparently an Eng. modification of canoa; in the course of the 17th c. appeared the forms caano, cano, canno, canoo, cannoe, and canoe, of which cano is also the Du., and canoe an earlier Fr. form (in Cauxois' transl. of Acosta 1600).
(The mod.F. canot is considered by Diez and Scheler a dim. of OF. cane ship, boat (prob. of Teut. origin: cf. LG. kane, Du. kaan, Ger. kahn, also L. canna small vessel, gondola); but it is perh. the word canoe spelt according to a mistaken etymology. It is not however the equivalent of canoe in English, but means simply ‘little boat’.)]
1. A kind of simple, keelless boat:
a. Originally applied to those of the West Indian aborigines, which were hollowed out of a single tree-trunk, and thence to those of other primitive societies, or of prehistoric cultures, of this construction.
b. Extended to those of other societies and other construction, and used generally for any roughly-made craft used by American Indians, Malayo-Polynesians, etc.; most of these use paddles instead of oars, whence ‘canoe’ is sometimes understood to be any vessel propelled by paddles (cf. sense 2).
α1555Eden Decades W. Ind. (Arb.) 45 The Indian language. Canoa, a boate or barke. Ibid. i. i. (Arb.) 66 Theyr lighters or small boates (whiche they call Canoas)..Theyr boates are made only of one tree, made holow with a certain sharpe stone..And are very longe and narowe. Many affirme that they haue sene some of them with fortie ores. a1618Raleigh Invent. Shipping 5 The Boate of one tree called the Canoa. 1622R. Hawkins Voy. S. Sea (1847) 90 With cannoas, which they have in this coast so great, that they carry seventie and eightie men in one of them. 1697W. Dampier Voy. (1729) I. 29 Canoa's..are nothing but the Tree it self made hollow Boatwise. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. II. xxxviii. 71 The People come thronging on Board in their Canoaes.
β1590Greene Fr. Bacon (1630) 40 Persia [shall] downe her Volga by Canows, Send downe the secrets of her spicerie. 1613W. Browne Brit. Past. i. ii, In a boate like the cannowes of Inde. 1661Hickeringill Jamaica 48 In Boats and Canoues. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour I. 78 An Indian canow brought from the straights of Davis.
γ1622–62Heylin Cosmogr. iv. (1682) 143 Making Caanos or Boats. 1637Heywood Royal Ship 9 Such the Indian Canooes. 1665G. Havers P. della Valle's Trav. E. Ind. 343 Little Canoos (which are long narrow boats, but like troughs out of firm trees). 1685Phil. Trans. XV. 980 Rowed up the River Mississippi, in a Canot. 1719W. Wood Surv. Trade 167 To work in any Cannoe or Wherry. 1760T. Hutchinson Hist. Col. Mass. v. (1765) 467 They had two sorts of canoos. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) I. 115 Canoes..rudely formed out of the trunk of a single tree. 1825Bro. Jonathan II. 29 Our birch canoe dipping, with every motion of the paddle. 1837W. Irving Capt. Bonneville I. 78 [He] descended the Platte from this fork, in skin canoes. 1865Lubbock Preh. Times xiii. (1869) 429 Each canoe being formed from a single trunk, probably hollowed by fire.
2. A small light sort of boat or skiff propelled by paddling, used chiefly for recreation in Europe, North America, etc.
The ordinary canoe is made of thin board, galvanized iron, caoutchouc, paper, etc., and like the kayak of the Eskimoes is covered in, except the small space occupied by the canoeist; it is propelled by a paddle having a blade at each end; but so-called ‘Indian’ or ‘Canadian canoes’, which are open, and hold several persons, are also in use as pleasure-boats, and are propelled by a single-bladed paddle.
1799Caldron or Follies of Cambridge 9 Some mount the broad-built sloop, while others woo The well-oar'd funney or the slim canoo. 1807Southey Espriella's Lett. II. 63 Many of the smaller boats [on the Isis] had only a single person in each; and in some of these he sat face-forward, leaning back as in a chair, and plying with both hands a double-bladed oar in alternate strokes..One of these canoes is, I was assured, so exceedingly light that a man can carry it. 1818Visit to Oxford 50 A young man who was drowned just below Folly Bridge by the over-setting of a dangerous kind of boat called a canoe, much used for pleasure till forbidden by the Governor of the university. 1865J. Macgregor (title) A thousand miles in the Rob Roy Canoe.
b. See paddle v.2 2 b.
3. attrib. and Comb., as canoe burial, canoe load, canoe travelling; canoe-man; canoe-like, canoe-shaped (shape) adjs.; also canoe birch, a name for Betula papyracea; canoe-shell, a shell shaped like a canoe, spec. Scaphander lignarius; canoe-song, a song sung by a canoeist while afloat; canoe wood, the wood of the Tulip tree.
1835Penny Cycl. IV. 349/2 Betula papyracea, the paper or *canoe birch.
1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. xii. 352 With this belief the *canoe-burial of the North West and of Patagonia hangs together.
1856Olmsted Slave States 359 A number of long, narrow, *canoe-like boats, of light draft.
1691in J. Munsell Annals of Albany (1850) II. 115 Ye def't accused him of stealing 1/2 *canoe load of water millions. 1753in Washington Writ. (1889) I. 15 They were sent from New-Orleans with..8 Canoe-Loads of Provisions. 1890A. Henry Trav. 63 Several canoe-loads of fish were exported. 1936J. C. Beaglehole New Zealand i. 14 Canoe-loads of savages.
1698L. Hennepin New Discovery Amer. xlv. 188 One of our *Canow-Men look'd after our Things. 1755L. Evans Geogr. Essays 17 The Canoe Men are often obliged to carry over Land. 1834M. Scott Cruise Midge (1859) 360 Quoth Hanse to the black canoe man. 1885F. Pollock in Macm. Mag. Feb. 261/2 An expert canoeman will almost turn it round with one twist of the paddle.
1711Petiver Gazophyl. vi. Tab. liii, Small Indian *Canoe-shell... It's of an odd Shape, and sticks to larger Shells. 1850Miss Pratt Common Things Sea-side 216 The Tufted Canoe-shell. 1945E. Step Shell Life xvi. 272 The Canoe-shell (Scaphander lignarius) is a many-whorled spiral of reddish hue.
1882W. Boyd Aquatics in Canada, One of the most popular French *canoe-songs.
1843Penny Cycl. XXV. 341/2 Tulip-tree..in America, where it is native, it is also known by the names White wood, *Canoe wood, Saddle-tree, etc.
▪ II. canoe, v.|kəˈnuː|
Also 9 canoo.
[f. prec. n.]
intr. To paddle or propel a canoe; to move as in a canoe. to canoe it (colloq.): to do the journey in a canoe.
1842Nabob at Home in Athenæum 3 Dec., Stretching out the muslin, and canooing forward on his heels without getting up. 1883Harper's Mag. Apr. 692/2 Many enterprising souls..would have..bicycled, or canoed. 1884Ibid. Jan. 304/1 You go on your..vacation trip, canoeing it..to Lake George. |