| 释义 |
▪ I. † ˈcalculate, n. Obs.
[f. L. calculāre to reckon: see next. Cf. estimate n., and see -ate1, -ate2.]
A calculation, reckoning, estimate.
1695E. Bernard Voy. fr. Aleppo in Misc. Cur. (1708) III. 99 By a moderate Calculate there could not have been less at first than 560. 1700Rycaut Hist. Turks III. 432 An Exact and Secret Calculate was made of the true Number. a1734North Exam. iii. viii. ⁋26. 602 Nor were these Brothers mistaken in their Calculate.
▪ II. calculate, v.1|ˈkælkjʊleɪt|
[f. L. calculāt- ppl. stem of calculā-re to count, reckon, f. calculus a stone (see calculus). Cf. It. calcolare, Sp., Pg. calcular, F. calculer. An early form of the pa. pple. was calculat, -ate, ad. L. calculāt-us.]
1. trans. To estimate or determine by arithmetical or mathematical reckoning; to compute, reckon.
1570Dee Math. Pref. 42 Hable to Calculate the Planetes places for all tymes. 1656tr. Hobbes' Elem. Philos. (1839) 92 When we calculate the magnitude and motions of heaven or earth. 1671True Non-Conf. 152 About 165 years, before the Councel..is the highest period from whence they can be calculat. 1833H. Martineau Manch. Strike iii. 35 The men looked at the ground, and calculated how much digging and other work there would be. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. §1. 223 Bradley was able to calculate the velocity of light.
b. absol. To perform calculations, to form an estimate.
1601Shakes. Jul. C. i. iii. 65 Why Old men, Fooles, and Children calculate. 1613R. C. Table Alph. (ed. 3) Calculate, cast a count, reckon. 1789T. Jefferson Writ. (1859) III. 35 As yet, no vote has been given which will enable us to calculate, on certain ground.
2. ellipt. To ascertain beforehand the time or circumstances of (an event, e.g. an eclipse, a nativity) by astrology or mathematics.
1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iv. i. 34 A cunning man did calculate my birth And told me that by Water I should dye. 1667Milton P.L. viii. 80 When they come to model Heav'n And calculate the Starrs. 1857De Quincey China 10 To calculate a lunar eclipse.
†3. To reckon in, count, include. Obs.
1643Sober Sadness 32 [He] must have been calculated in the Black-bill, if he had not taken himselfe off.
4. To plan or devise with forethought; to think out; to frame. arch.
1654G. Goddard in Introd. to Burton's Diary (1828) I. 30 For the indenture, that was calculated at Court. 1672Grew Idea Hist. Plants §3 That.. is a Thought not well Calculated. 1708Swift Sentiments Ch. Eng. Man Wks. 1755 II. i. 68 He doth not think the church of England so narrowly calculated, that it cannot fall in with any regular species of government. 1820Hoyle's Games Impr. 171 Each [player] calculates his game without inspecting the tricks. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Character Wks. (Bohn) II. 61 The English did not calculate the conquest of the Indies. It fell to their character.
5. To arrange, design, prepare, adjust, adapt, or fit for a purpose. Const. for, or inf. with to; now only in pass.
1639Fuller Holy War ii. iii. (1840) 51 This vision, though calculated for this one bishop, did generally serve for all the nonresidents. 1691T. H[ale] Acc. New Invent. 16 Voyages all calculated for the proving her against the Worm. 1727Swift Modest Prop. Wks. 1755 II. ii. 66, I calculate my remedy for this..kingdom of Ireland, and for no other. 1732Berkeley Sermon to S.P.G. Wks. III. 250 The Christian religion was calculated for the bulk of mankind. 1816Scott Antiq. i, The coach was calculated to carry six regular passengers. 1848Thirlwall Rem. (1877) I. 137 The college is calculated for the reception of sixty students.
b. In the pa. pple. the notion of design gradually disappears, leaving merely the sense ‘suited’: see calculated below. (Cf. the similar history of apt, fit, adapted, fitted.)
6. intr. To reckon or count upon or on.
1807Southey Life (1850) III. 109 All those may almost be calculated upon. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. vi. (1867) 114 Security in calculating upon the future. 1873Tristram Moab viii. 150 We had calculated on a quiet Sunday.
7. U.S. colloq. To think, opine, suppose, ‘reckon’; to intend, purpose.
1830Galt Lawrie T. ii. v. (1849) 56, I calculate, that ain't no thing to make nobody afeard. 1833Marryat Peter S. xliv. [American speaking] ‘Well, captain,’ said he, ‘so you met with a squall?’ ‘I calculate not.’ 1837Haliburton Clockm. I. 291, I calculate you couldn't fault it in no particular. 1859Knickerbocker Mag. XVII. (Bartlett), Mr. Crane requested those persons who calculated to join the singin' school to come forward.
▪ III. † ˈcalculate, v.2 Obs.
[f. L. calculus stone, pebble; cf. coagulate, etc.]
intr. To form stone in the bladder. Hence ˈcalculating ppl. a.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 197 The same..with Parsley drunk in Wine..dissolveth the stone in the bladder, and preventeth all such calculating gravel in time to come. |