| 释义 |
detonate, v.|ˈdɛtəneɪt, diː-|
[f. L. dētonāt-, ppl. stem of dētonāre to thunder down or forth (f. de- I. 1, 2 + tonāre to thunder), after F. détoner (1680 in Hatz.-Darm.) in the modern sense.]
1. intr. To produce a loud noise by the sudden liberation of gas in connexion with chemical decomposition or combination; to explode with sudden loud report (as when heated or struck).
1729G. Shelvocke Artillery ii. 89 Saltpeter..detonates, or makes a Noise in the Fire. 1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 140 Hydrogen gas and nitrous oxide gas detonate violently..when a strong red heat is applied, or when the electric spark is made to pass through the mixture. 1859R. F. Burton Centr. Afr. in Jrnl. Geog. Soc. XXIX. 78 Metals are ever rusty;..percussion caps..will not detonate; gunpowder..refuses to ignite. 1864H. Spencer Biol. I. 8 Iodide of nitrogen detonates on the slightest touch.
b. fig. To give vent to sudden anger or other violent feeling; to ‘explode’. (Also trans.).
1836Blackw. Mag. XXXIX. 309 He..is notoriously choleric, and detonates upon the object nearest to him like one of his own chlorides. 1859Chamb. Jrnl. XI. 258 It seemed to me that it would be quite a natural conclusion..that Blodger should detonate: ‘Committed as a rogue’.
c. To make a thundering noise, to ‘thunder’. rare.
1853E. S. Sheppard Ch. Auchester III. 190 The drum detonated and was still.
2. trans. To cause to explode with sudden loud report, in the act of chemical decomposition or combination.
1801Phil. Trans. XCI. 378 By detonating sulphuret of antimony and nitrate of potash, in a crucible, he obtained a mass, which [etc.]. 1808Henry ibid. XCVIII. 290 Detonate the mixture, and observe the amount of the diminution after the explosion. 1880Daily News 27 Mar. 5/4 The destruction of the reef known as Hell Gate, in East River, New York, when something like 49,915 lb. [of dynamite] was detonated at once. 1890Noble in Nature 18 Sept., One..cause which has made gunpowder so successful an agent for the purposes of the artillerist is that it is a mixture, not a definite chemical combination; that it is not possible to detonate it.
†3. To convert (a flint gun) into a ‘detonator’. Obs. nonce-use.
1824P. Hawker Instr. Y. Sportsm. 69, I have since had a double gun detonated to my order. |