| 释义 |
‖ pycnidium Bot.|pɪkˈnɪdɪəm|
Pl. -ia.
[mod.L., f. Gr. πυκνός thick, dense + dim. suff. -ίδιον.]
The special receptacle in certain ascomycetous fungi in which the stylospores are produced.
1857Berkeley Cryptog. Bot. §280 In Erysiphe the pycnidia appear frequently to arise from the transformation of one of the joints of the moniliform threads. 1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 308. 1887 Garnsey De Bary's Comp. Morph. & Biol. Fungi 225 Receptacles resembling perithecia..have been termed by Tulaine pycnidia, and the spores or gonidia formed in them stylospores. 1938G. M. Smith Cryptogamic Bot. I. xii. 416 If the fertile layer lies in a cup- or flask-shaped cavity that is open from the beginning, the cavity and the surrounding tissue constitute a pycnidium. 1966K. Tubaki in Ainsworth & Sussmann Fungi II. iv. 127 Simple or branched sporophores may line a hollow flask-shaped fruit body, the pycnidium.
Hence pycˈnidial a., of or pertaining to a pycnidium; pycˈnidiophore [-phore], a compound sporophore bearing pycnidia; pycˈnidiospore [Gr. σπόρος seed], a stylospore developed inside a pycnidium.
1880C. E. Bessey Bot. xvii. 294 The cavities are called pycnidia, and the small bodies pycnidiospores. 1890in Cent. Dict. 1923Nature 21 Apr. 553/1 The hyphomycete stage [of Polythrincium Trifolii] is followed by a pycnidial stage. 1971P. H. B. Talbot Princ. Fungal Taxon. x. 146 Most of the pycnidial Deuteromycotina have slimy spores. 1977Lancet 26 Mar. 672/2 Various pycnidial fungi related to the Phoma sp. isolated produce the mycotoxin responsible for lupinosis in sheep and cattle. |