| 释义 |
‖ putsch|pʊtʃ|
[Swiss G., orig. knock, thrust, blow.]
a. A revolutionary attempt.
1920Times 3 June 15/5 The possibility of a Putsch continues to exercise the minds of all parties. 1922Q. Rev. Jan. 125 King Charles has made his second attempt to ascend the Hungarian Throne. In the circumstances out-lined above it was doomed to failure. So was Louis Napoleon's second coup d' état—Putsch is the modern word—at Boulogne. 1930Economist 4 Oct. 612/2 The officers were charged with conspiring..to secure the neutrality of the Reichwehr in the event of another ‘Putsch’ by the revolutionaries of the Right. 1945A. J. P. Taylor Course of German Hist. xi. 192 No one who took part in the putsch was punished. 1950[see blanquism]. 1968A. Coates Myself a Mandarin i. 5 Since the end of the Second World War the population [of Hong Kong] had topped the million mark, and the place was thus technically already overcrowded when the communist putsch began. 1975N.Y. Times 29 Nov. 27/2 Allende, of course, is gone—a suicide in September 1973 when the current President, Gen. Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, seized power in a bloody putsch. 1981Listener 1 Jan. 12/2 The greatest achievement had been to keep the [Ghanaian] army putsch a secret.
b. colloq. Any sudden vigorous effort or campaign.
1938A. Campbell Flying Blind xi. 89 He grasped it firmly, and flexing his muscles prepared a putsch. 1940C. T. Carr in Mod. Lang. Rev. XXXV. 71 Putsch, a coup d'état... The word was apparently borrowed round about 1920 and is now quite common in English newspapers..spreading to English slang in the non-political significance of a ‘push forward’. 1953M. McCarthy Groves of Academe x. 215 Criticism..has been reduced to a minimum... No poet of any real merit has been excluded... You..are too impatient. You want to make a putsch for the sake of tighter control, more daring methods of promotion, but violence is unnecessary. 1970New Scientist 30 July 221/2 The present step-by-step attack on brucellosis is much more likely to succeed than a premature putsch. 1973Observer 14 Jan. 29/6 Apart from a much-needed putsch on our chimneys and exhaust pipes there is little more that the public health departments can do to increase the level of our good health.
Hence ˈputsching vbl. n.; ˈputschism, the advocacy of a putsch or of the violence associated with a putsch; ˈputschist, an advocate of or participant in a putsch; also attrib. or as adj.
1898A. P. Atterbury tr. Sombart's Socialism 19th Cent. iv. 73 Putschism..is the fanatical tendency towards street struggle, faith in the barricade. Ibid. v. 113 The Putschists, Clubists, and Blanquists were utopists, who through conspiracies and street riots would through all time control economic development. 1923Glasgow Herald 26 Oct. 9 The Separatist ‘Putschists’ have succeeded in maintaining their position. 1937E. Snow Red Star over China iv. v. 167 P'eng Pai..formed a Soviet, which, following a policy of putschism, was soon destroyed. 1940K. Mannheim Ideology & Utopia 125 The ideology of ‘putschist’ groups led by intellectuals. 1954P. Toynbee Friends Apart v. 65 The Communist Party..would have regarded it as a piece of futile ‘diversionism’, ‘putschist’ and disorganised. 1966‘Han Suyin’ Mortal Flower i. iv. 128 The practice of shooting deserters and of inflicting corporal punishment, both of which smack of putschism. 1968Economist 1 June 44/1 Mr Cecil King has gone the same way that he came in—by a boardroom putsch. Seventeen years ago it was Mr King who did the putsching. 1974J. White tr. Poulantzas's Fascism & Dictatorship iv. ii. 169, 1921. A series of ‘putschist’ attempts in Prussia by the KPD. Ibid., The Comintern, at its Third Congress, passed a severe judgment on this ‘putschism’. 1975New Left Rev. Nov.–Dec. 66 When the putschists struck at Nicosia in July 1974, only a few EDEK members were armed and ready to resist. 1979China Now Mar./Apr. 24/2 The essentially putschist character of both Lin Biao and the Four. |