| 释义 |
Bushman, bushman|ˈbʊʃmən|
[f. bush n.1 9 + man, app. orig. after Du. boschjesman applied by the Dutch colonists in S. Africa to the natives living in the ‘bush’; and since extended in application.]
1. a. A member of an aboriginal people of Southern Africa; = San2 a. The Du. forms Bosjesman, Boschjesman, also occur as ethnic names.
1785Sparrman Voy. Cape G. Hope I. v. 197 There is another species of Hottentots, who have got the name of Boshees-men, from dwelling in woody or mountainous places. 1824W. J. Burchell Trav. I. 64 For our mutual safety and defence..against the Bushmen. 1842Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 513 Considering the Bushmen, or Bosjesmen, of South Africa as the most degraded and miserable of all nations. 1845Foreign Quart. Rev. XXXIV. 421 Stunted representatives of humanity..under the name of Bushmen.
b. Bushman grass, in S. Africa any of various grasses, esp. species of Aristida and Stipa.
[1789W. Paterson Narr. Journeys Country of Hottentots 63 Here I found many new species of Gramina, particularly that which the Dutch call Boshman's Grass, from the use made of it by that people, who eat the seed of it.] 1857A. Wyley Rep. Min. Struct. Namaqualand App. 44 There the various kinds of Bushman grass prevail, almost to the exclusion of every other plant. 1886G. A. Farini Through Kalahari Desert 448 Bushman grass, the best that grows on the Kalahari. 1915R. Marloth Flora S. Afr. IV. 19 Stipa (bushman grass).
2. A dweller or traveller in the Australian ‘bush’; a bush-farmer; a station-hand; a teamster who carries stores to the stations. Also, one who fells timber.
1846N.Z. Jrnl. VI. 274/1 E Kehu, our guide, is thus a perfect bushman, and is of very great service on an expedition. 1848T. Brunner Jrnl. Exped. Middle Isl. 360, I have now acquired the two greatest requisites for bushmen in New Zealand, viz., the capability of walking barefoot, and the proper method of cooking and eating fern root. 1849S. C. Brees Guide & Descr. N.Z. 29 This tree [sc. Titoki] is tall..and the wood..is prized by the bushmen for axe-handles. 1852Blackw. Mag. LXXII. 522 Where the wild bushman eats his loathly fare. 1856Tait's Mag. XXIII. 742 An experienced bushman and well mounted. 1867M. A. Barker Station Life N.Z. (1870) xxi. 180 The ‘bushmen’—as the men who had bought 20 acre sections and settled in the bush are called—had scattered English grass-seed. 1880Chamb. Jrnl. 4 Dec. 774 Crowds of Bushmen, as those who live in the interior are called by their brethren of the coast. 1916G. Thornton Wowser xii. 189 These bushmen.. lead a very different life from that of the woodcutters and sawyers (although they too are called bushmen) employed at a saw-mill. 1961B. Crump Hang on a Minute (1963) 32 Just find out if he wants a couple of experienced bushmen.
3. The language of the aboriginal bushmen of South Africa; = San2 b.
1869Bleek in R. Noble Cape & its People 277 Many nouns in Bushman vary in their terminations according to their position or use. Ibid. 278 The Bushman nouns do not appear to possess any representative parts. 1874J. M. Orpen in Folklore (1919) XXX. 146 Then he sent another bird, the tinktinki..—qinqininyq in Bushman. 1960Times (S. Afr. Suppl.) 31 May p. xv/4 Afrikaans also borrowed from..the Hottentot and Bushman tongues. |