| 释义 |
▪ I. swire|swaɪə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 sweora, 2 sweor, 2–3 swore, 2–4 sweore; 3–4 suere, 3–5 swere, (4 zuere), 4–6 sweere. β. 1 swiora, swyra, swira, suira, swura, 3 swiere, 3–4 swure, (4 suire, suyre, swyer), 4–6 swyr, (5 squyre, 6 swyir, 7 suir), 4–9 swyre, 3– swire. γ. Chiefly Sc. 5–6 swar, 5–6, 9 sware, 6, 8–9 swair, (9 squair).
[OE. swéora, swíora, Northumb. and late WS. swíra, late WS. swýra, swúra wk. m.:—OTeut. *swerhan-, related to ON. svíri neck, beak of a ship, local name of a neck-shaped ridge in Iceland:—*swerhjan-; ulterior relations uncertain.
It is not certain whether the forms swar(e, swair, which are chiefly Sc., have arisen from false analogy (cf., e.g., quair, quere, quire, and sware, swere, swire), or through exigency of rime.]
†1. The neck. Obs.
α and βc888ælfred Boeth. xix. §1 Þæt ᵹe underlutan mid eowrum swiran þet deaðlice ᵹeoc. a900Lorica Gloss. 21 in O.E. Texts 172 Cladam, swiran [altered to swioran later]. 971Blickl. Hom. 223 Þa he þa Sanctus Martinus þæt ᵹeseah, þa dyde he sona þæt hræᵹl of his sweoran. Ibid. 241 Ᵹif eow swa liciᵹe uton sendon rap on his swyran. c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 157/38 Collum, sweora uel swura. c1175Lamb. Hom. 49 Þenne ualleð he þer inne þet him brekeð þe sweore. c1200Moral Ode 146 in Trin. Coll. Hom. 224 Swines brade is wel swete swo is of wilde diere Ac al to dire he hit abuið þe ȝiefð þar-fore his swiere [earlier version dore, swore]. c1205Lay. 4012 Heo cærf him þene swure [c 1275 swere] atwa. a1225Leg. Kath. 2233 Streche forð þine swire scharp sweord to underfonne. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 5028 Ely..fyl bakward of hys chayre, And brak on two hys swyer. 13..K. Alis. 1938 (Laud MS.) Vp he dresseþ heued & swire And gynneþ speke on þis maner. c1380Sir Ferumb. 3643 Ys scheld þan heng he aboute ys swyre, And forþ he prykede with gret yre. 1390Gower Conf. II. 30 Sche aboute hire whyte swere It dede, and hyng hirselven there. a1400Leg. Rood (1871) 134 Mi mouþ I pulte, my sweore I streiȝt To cusse his feet. c1400Melayne 36 Ladyes swete of Swyre. c1430Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 1175 She leid hir arme about his swere, She kyssed him with hertie chere. c1470Henry Wallace iv. 316 Vpon the hede he straik with so gret ire, Throu bayne and brayn in sondyr schar the swyr. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. i. xvii, Vp be the swire Myself I hangit. a1600Marr. Sir Gawain ii. 58 in Percy's Reliques (1857) 388 Sir Kay beheld that lady's face And looked upon her sweere.
γc1440Bone Flor. 441 But yf he to hym hys doghtur geve, That ys so swete of sware [rimes fare, thare, mare]. c1450Holland Howlat 171 Swannis suowchand full swyth, swetest of swar [rimes blythar, war, ar]. c1470Gol. & Gaw. 1053 Mony sweit thing of sware swownit full oft. 1501Douglas Pal. Hon. i. x, A Quene, as lyllie sweit of swair. 1513Douglas æneis i. ii. 37 That lillie quhite of [ed. 1553 erron. as] swair.
2. A hollow near the summit of a mountain or hill; a gentle depression between two hills. local (occurs in several place-names in Scotland and the north of England).
OE. ᵹesweoru translates Latin colles in Ags. Ps. (ed. Thorpe). OE. sweoru is used also = neck of water or strait, L. fretum.
c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 427/13 Iuga, duna swioran. c1216Newminster Cartul. (1878) 77 Ad crucem positam super le Swire de Fastside. 1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 13 Fra Redis swyr till Orkynnay. a1508Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen 519 The soft souch of the swyr, and sovne of the stremys. 1513Douglas æneis iv. iv. 50 Lo! ther the rais, rynning swyft as fyre, Drevin from the hychtis brekkis out at the swyre. 1573Satir. Poems Reform. xxxix. 350 He raid throw montanes mony, mose, and myre..Then wes he worsland our ane wondie swyre. a1598D. Ferguson Prov. (1641) §608 Little kens the wife that sits by the fire, how the wind blaws on hurly-burly swire. 1790A. Tait in Contemp. Burns (1844) 144 Then from Dewar's Swair I tripped on my shanks. 1820W. Chambers Life Bl. Dwarf (1885) 1 A gentle rising hill to the south-west, called Manor Swire. 1893Northumbld. Gloss.
3. attrib. and Comb. † swire-bone = neckbone; † swireforth adv., neck forward, headlong.
c825Vesp. Hymns vi. 28 in O.E.T. 408 Usque ad cervices, oð swirban. c1230Hali Meid. 23 Leste hwase leope..& driue adun swireuorð, wiðuten ikepunge, deope into helle. a1400Morte Arth. 2959 The swyers swyre-bane he swappes in sondyre!
▪ II. swire
dial. form of squire n. |