| 释义 |
▪ I. † bun, n.1 Obs. exc. dial.|bʌn|
Forms: 1 bune, 4 bon(e, 5–6 bunne, 6– bun; see also boon n.2
[OE. bune, origin unknown.]
1. A hollow stem, esp. of an umbelliferous plant; a kex.
a1000Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 198 Canna, harundo, calamus, bune. c1440Promp. Parv. 277 Kyx or bunne or dry weed. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §70 The..lowe places, and all the holowe bunnes and pypes that grow therin. 1875Whitby Gloss., Buns, or Bunnons, the hollow stems of the hog-weed or cow-parsnep.
2. The stalk or stalky part of flax or hemp.
1388[see boon n.]. c1400Arderne Chirurgica in MS. Sloane 56 f. 3 a, Chanyuot, bunes. 1601Holland Pliny xix. i, The spinning of this fine Flax..what shall be done with all the hard refuse, the long buns? 1704Worlidge Dict. Rust. et Urb. s.v. Drying, The dry Bun or kexe of the Hempe or Flax. 1877Peacock N.W. Lincoln. Gloss. (E.D.S.) Bun..The stalk of flax or hemp.
3. Comb., as † bun-wand. Obs. Sc. = 1.
1588A. Hume Trium. of the Lord, Thair speirs lyk bun⁓wands brak. a1605Montgomerie Flyting 276 Some buckled on a bunwand, and some on a been.
▪ II. bun, n.2|bʌn|
Forms: 4–7 bunne, 5 bonn(e, 8–9 bunn, 5– bun.
[Etymology doubtful. The mod. provincial Fr. bugne is said by Burguy and by Boiste (1840), to be used at Lyons for a sort of fritter; the word is not recorded in OF. with this sense, but bugne, beugne (= mod. bigne) occurs with the sense of ‘swelling produced by a blow’; the dim. bugnete is found in OF. with the sense of ‘fritter’, and bugnets given by Cotgr. (1611) as a synonym of bignets (now beignets), explained by him as ‘little round loaves, or lumpes made of fine meale, oyle or butter, and reasons; bunnes, Lenten loaves’. (Cf. Sp. buñuelo bun, fritter.) It is conjectured that OF. bugne, originally ‘swelling’ may have had the unrecorded sense of ‘puffed loaf’ (= bugnet), and may have been adopted into English as bun. But the existence of this sense in OF. is at present hypothetical, and it is questionable whether such a derivation would account for the form of the Eng. word.]
1. a. A sort of cake: the use differs greatly in different localities, but the word generally denotes in England a sweet cake (usually round) not too large to be held in the hand while being eaten. In Scotland it usually means a very rich description of cake, the substance of which is almost entirely composed of fruit and spice; the richest kind of currant bread. In some places, as in the north of Ireland, it means a round loaf of ordinary bread. In the earliest examples the meaning is doubtful, the context merely indicating some kind of loaf or cake. (See cross-bun.) Slang phrases: to take the bun, to take the cake (see cake n. 7); a bun in the oven, a child conceived; to do one's bun (N.Z. slang), to lose one's temper.
1371Assisa Panis in Riley Munim. Gildhall III. 423 Cum uno pane albo, vocato ‘bunne’, de obolo. c1440Promp. Parv. 55 Bunne, brede, placenta. c1460J. Russell Bk. Nurture in Babees Bk. (1868) 133, viij loves or bonnes. 1506Churchw. Acc. St. Mary hill, Lond. (1797) 104 Two dozen de white Bunnys for pore pepyll. 1572J. Jones Bathes Buckstone 9 b, Simnels, Cracknels, and Buns. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Jacke-a-L. Wks. i. 118/1 The light puft vp foure-corner'd Bun. a1640J. Day Peregr. Schol. (1881) 44 Give em such a buttered bun to breakfast. 1714Gray Sheph. Week v. 96 Sweeter..Than..Bunns and Sugar to the Damsel's Tooth. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) ii, Collyra, a little loaf of bread, a bun, a cracknell. 1825Hone Every-day Bk. I. 403 One-a-penny, two-a-penny, hot-cross-buns! Ibid. 405 Hot-cross-buns are..consecrated loaves, bestowed in the church as alms, and to those who..could not receive the host,..made from the dough from whence the host itself is taken. 1845Hood Numb. One viii, As brown as any bun. 1867J. Ingelow Gladys 135 The round plump buns they gave me.
1887in Amer. Speech (1950) XXV. 31/1 But ‘the pale and yellow babe of her white sister’ takes the bun. 1896Dialect Notes I. 414 ‘That takes the bun’, that's very good... Also yanks the bun. 1901Kipling Kim xii. 315 You take the bally bun, by Jove! It was splendid. 1934L. van der Post In a Province i. xiii. 140, I've seen many dressed-up niggers, but that one takes the bun. 1944Korero II. no. xix. 24 The most important of Army slang expressions, however, has been ‘doing the scone’ with its variant ‘doing the bun’, used for losing one's temper. 1949‘The Sarge’ Excuse my Feet xii. 128 ‘O.K.! O.K.! don't do your bun,’ he answered. 1951N. Monsarrat Cruel Sea ii. vi. 105, ‘I bet you left a bun in the oven, both of you,’ said Bennett thickly... Lockhart explained..the reference to pregnancy. 1958A. Sillitoe Sat. Night & Sun. Morning v. 69 Brenda on the tub, up the stick, with a bun in the oven. 1960B. Crump Good Keen Man 76 Jock did his bun properly, ‘So my money's not good enough, eh mate?’ he snarled at the driver.
b. transf. Hair coiled at the back of the head in a shape suggesting a bun. Also attrib.
1894Daily News 26 May 6/4 The fashionable ladies to be seen in the Park with their bun-chignons. 1894Cassell's Fam. Mag. Dec. 73/1 The days of the ‘bun’ coiffures are over. 1921Chambers's Jrnl. Dec. 782/1 His chief glory was, however, his head, the hair of which was dressed in a large ‘bun’. 1929Church Times 19 Apr. 400/3 Victorian fashion, with hats perched on the head, permitted a free view of chignon, ‘bun’, or curls.
c. In full bun hat. A bowler hat. N.Z. slang.
1941Baker N.Z. Slang vi. 52 A bowler hat has become a bun in colloquial speech. 1950Landfall IV. 21 He was thin..and was wearing an old bun hat.
2. Comb., as bun-and-milk attrib., † bun-bread, bun-house, bun-pan, bun-seller, bun-shop; bun-face, a face resembling a bun; hence bun-faced a. (also fig.); bun-fight, a jocular expression for a tea-party (cf. tea-fight); bun foot, of furniture (see quot. 1952); bun-loaf (Lanc. and Yorks.), rich currant-bread; bun-penny [sense 1 b], a penny showing the head of Queen Victoria with her hair worn in a bun; bun-struggle, -worry = bun-fight.
1906B. von Hutten What became of Pam i. v, The bun-and-milk establishments.
1494Will of Hagis (Somerset Ho.) In pane vocato Bun⁓brede.
1913R. Brooke Let. 1 Dec. (1968) 540 Fijians swinging along half naked with bun-faces.
1927W. Deeping Kitty xx. 254 A local decorator, a little bun-faced man with bright eyes. 1966Listener 2 June 806/3 The novelist-farceur is a serious man; and the bun-faced academic is a frivolous one.
1928R. Campbell Wayzgoose 7 It [the wayzgoose] combines the functions of a bun-fight, an Eisteddfod and an Olympic contest.
1904P. Macquoid Hist. Eng. Furniture iv. 115 The solid back is a modern addition, as are the bun feet on which the buffet stands. 1952J. Gloag Dict. Furniture 154 Bun foot, a foot in the form of a bun-like, flattened sphere, used on chairs, tables, [etc.]..during the latter part of the 17th century.
a1845Syd. Smith Wks. (1859) I. 329/1 Let us seize a little grammar boy..throw over him a delicate puff-paste, and bake him in a bun-pan.
1958S. Hyland Who goes Hang! xxxix. 187 The Victorian ‘bun-penny’ was first minted in the year 1860.
1653Urquhart Rabelais i. xxv, The Bunsellers or Cake-bakers were in nothing inclinable to their request.
1889Dramatic Notes 1888 145 An innocent flirtation in a bun-shop. 1903Daily Chron. 25 May 3/3 Bun-shop waitress.
1889Barrère & Leland Dict. Slang, Bun-struggle or worry (army), a tea meeting; an entertainment [for] soldiers in a garrison. 1899R. Whiteing No. 5 John St. vi. 53 She wants yer to show up at a sort o' bun-struggle in 'er room..kind of a tea-fight. 1911W. De Morgan Likely Story 224 Madeline..had been going to a Bun-worry.
Add:[1.] d. pl. The buttocks; rarely sing., the human posterior. N. Amer. slang.
1960Wentworth & Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang 76/1 Bun, n., the human posterior. 1968J. T. Stewart in Jones & Neal Black Fire 202 For half a man I'd snuff twenty Armenians and tell their Episcopalian mothers to be on guard and find linoleum stratagems getting to your buns. 1973Playboy Dec. 268/2 I'll grab Ron's or Alan's buns sometimes and they're firm and hard. 1983Gentlemen's Q. Mar. 48/1 People still come up to me in airports or shopping malls and pinch my buns... They think I'm one of their best friends. 1985E. Leonard Glitz xvii. 149 She saw..a white band below his hips, sexy, really nice buns.
▪ III. bun, n.3 Sc. and north. dial.
Also 6 (Sc. bwn), bunn.
[Derivation unknown: the Gael. bun, ‘stump, root’, has been compared.]
The tail of a hare; in Sc. also transf. of human beings. (Cf. tail.) See also bunt n.4
c1538Lyndesay Supplic. anent Tailles 56, I lauch best to se ane Nwn, Gar beir hir taill abone hir bwn. a1578Gude & Godly Ballates ‘Hay trix’ (1868) 179 The seily Nunnis Keist up their bunnis. 1789Davidson Seasons 27 (Jam.) Poor maukin..scudding cocks Her bun. 1805A. Scott Poems 50 (Jam.) We British frogs..bathe our buns amang the stanks. 1847–78Halliw., Bun, the tail of a hare. North.
▪ IV. bun, n.4|bʌn|
[Etymology unknown: connexion with the prec. is not very likely. Cf. bunny.]
A name given sportively a. to the squirrel, b. to the rabbit (dial.). c. Also used as a term of endearment.
1587Churchyard Worth. Wales (1876) 57 Her Squirrell lept away..she sought to stay The little pretie Bun. c1614Drayton Moon Calf Wks. (1748) 178 She was wont to call him..her pretty bun. 1847–78Halliw., Bun, a rabbit. Var. dial. 1857Emerson Poems 155 The mountain and the squirrel Had a quarrel; And the former called the latter ‘Little Prig’; Bun replied, ‘You are doubtless very big’.
▪ V. bun, n.5 slang.
[Origin unknown.]
A drunken condition, esp. in to get, have, tie a bun on: to become drunk.
1901‘H. McHugh’ John Henry i. 16 You've got another bun on! How dare you trail into my flat with your tide high enough to float a battleship? 1914W. L. George Making of Englishman ii. v. 306 You've had four now, and I'm not stayin' here for you to get a bun on. 1954J. van Druten I am a Camera i. ii, We'll celebrate tonight, if you do. And if you don't, well, then we'll tie a bun on anyway, just to forget it all.
▪ VI. bun
obs. dial. f. buen, ben, pl. pres. ind., and inf. of be v.
1415E.E. Wills (1882) 20 Halfe to the pores nedy folk that bun yn Marcle paryssh. Ibid. 24 The londe rentes that ȝe bun feoffed In.
▪ VII. bun
obs. f. boon n.1; obs. f. bound ppl. a.1, ppl. a.2. |