| 释义 |
sclerosis|sklɪəˈrəʊsɪs|
Also 4–7 sclirosis.
[med.L. (written sclirosis in Alphita, 15th c.), a. Gr. σκλήρωσις, f. σκληροῦν to harden, f. σκληρός hard: see -osis.]
1. Path.
†a. A hard external tumour. Obs.
b. A morbid hardening of any tissue or structure.
1398Trevisa Barth. De. P.R. vii. lix. (1495) 274 Of melancolia comyth a postume, and yf the matere is all wythout the postume highte Sclirosis. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 222 Ofte þer comeþ þerof sclirosis or a festre. 1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. 7 And there is a pannicle compouned in y⊇ eye called sclirosis. Ibid., Table, Sclerosis. 1846G. E. Day tr. Simon's Anim. Chem. II. 411 Sclerosis. Ragsky has analysed bone in several cases of this affection. 1861Bumstead Ven. Dis. (1879) 593 Sclerosis of the tongue is most frequent about the fifth year of syphilis. 1879Khory Digest Med. 111 This inflammation occurs in the liver or the kidneys where it is known as cirrhosis, when in the brain or cord, it is called sclerosis. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 642 There was diffuse sclerosis [of the spinal cord].
2. Bot. (See quot. 1887.)
1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 28 When..a hardening of the wall thus occurs, this process will for the future be indicated by the term Sclerosis. 1887Garnsey & Balfour tr. De Bary's Fungi 499 Sclerosis, induration of a tissue or a cell-wall either by thickening of the membranes or by their lignification.
3. fig. Rigidity, excessive resistance to change.
1954B. & R. North tr. M. Duverger's Pol. Parties i. ii. 89 Such a drying-up of new recruits is the symptom of a serious sclerosis. 1958Times 11 Aug. 2/5 All the world knows that he was faced with the problem of revitalizing a good tradition that was beginning to suffer from sclerosis. 1966S. H. Beaver tr. J. Beaujeu-Garnier's Geogr. Population x. 228 Research work..has shown the parallelism that exists between the sclerosis of social structures and the high proportion of marriages between first cousins. 1977N.Y. Rev. Bks. 14 July 35/2 Popovic saw his harassment as a symptom of the ideological sclerosis which is increasing with Tito's age. |