| 释义 |
schorl Min.|ʃɔːl|
Forms: 8 schoerl, 8–9 shirl, shorl, schorl.
[a. G. schörl, in the 18th c. also schierle, schirl, schürl, schurl, schurell, schirlich, schörlich, schorlet, in 16th c. schrul; of obscure origin. From Ger. are F. schorl, Sw. skörl, Da. skjørl.]
Tourmaline, esp. the black variety.
Formerly applied loosely to various other minerals, esp. with prefixed adj., as in white schorl, a name for albite, blue schorl, hauyne, etc.
[1761Da Costa Tourmalin in Phil. Trans. LII. 446 The miners of Germany vulgarly call them Schirl, and sometimes our English miners name them Cockle and Call.] 1779Phil. Trans. LXIX. 24 It is evident that skirl contains nearly as much earth of allum as the Cornish porcellane clay. 1784Cullen tr. Bergman's Phys. & Chem. Ess. II. 125 A form which, even among the schoerls themselves, is extremely rare. 1811Pinkerton Petral. II. 132 This rock is chiefly composed of the common black shorl, the black tourmaline of Haüy. 1855Leifchild Cornwall 72 Schorl may be observed between and approaching the joints of granite in many places, as, for example, near the Logan stone. 1894Baring-Gould Deserts S. France I. 106 These are sandstone, schorls, and clays.
b. Comb., as schorl-rock (see quot. 1882); so schorl-schist.
1811Pinkerton Petral. II. 132 *Shorl rock. 1838Lyell Elem. Geol. 201 Schorl rock and schorly granite. 1882Geikie Text Bk. Geol. ii. ii. §6. 134 Tourmaline rock or schorl-rock, is a crystalline aggregate of quartz and black tourmaline or schorl.
1885Ibid. ii. ii. §7 (ed. 2) 131 Tourmaline-schist (*Schorl-schist). |