| 释义 |
saponify, v.|səˈpɒnɪfaɪ|
[ad. F. saponifier, ad. mod.L. sāpōnificāre, f. sāpōn- soap: see -ify.]
1. trans. To convert (a fat or an oil) into soap by combination with an alkali.
1821Ure Dict. Chem. s.v. Fat, Each of the constituents of natural fat were then saponified by the addition of potash. 1854R. D. Thomson Cycl. Chem. 441/1 Ricinoleic Acid..Sherry-coloured syrupy acid.., obtained by saponifying castor oil. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 192/2 They [articles to be gilded] are, therefore, first boiled in caustic alkali in order to saponify and render soluble all traces of grease. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 132 The fat must be emulsified or saponified before it can be absorbed.
2. intr. To become converted into soap.
1823Ure Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) s.v. Soap, Those [oils or fats] which saponify best,..are, 1. Oil of olives..2. Animal oils [etc.]. 1884W. S. B. McLaren Spinning (ed. 2) 46 The best oils are those which..saponify with the greatest facility with carbonate of soda. 1900Lancet 29 Sept. 950/1 Kelpion..is a greasy, dark-olive-coloured substance which refuses to saponify with strong soda solution.
Hence saˈponified, saˈponifying ppl. adjs.
1821Ure Dict. Chem. s.v. Fat, The saponified fat of the sheep. 1856Orr's Circ. Sci., Pract. Chem. 311 Finely divided and saponified fats. 1880W. C. Roberts Introd. Metallurgy 9 The saponifying powers of litharge. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VI. 259 The saponifying ferment—lipase—which Hanriot has discovered in blood-serum is probably one of the agents concerned in disposing of the fat. |