| 释义 |
‖ saphena Anat.|səˈfiːnə|
Also α. 7 saphen, 7, 9 saphena; β. 5 sophena, 6 sopheyne.
[med.L. saphena, sophona, ad. Arab. çāfin saphena; also ‘a vein lying deep in the arm’ (Lane). Cf. F. saphène (1314 in Hatz.-Darm.), Pg., It. safena.
The usual statement that the word is from Gr. σαϕηνής ‘manifest, clear’, is baseless. The Gr. word does not mean ‘conspicuously visible’, but is used only in intellectual senses.]
The distinctive name of two veins in the leg: (1) the long saphena or internal saphena, which extends from near the ankle-joint along the inner surface of the leg, and ends in the femoral vein; (2) the short saphena, posterior saphena, or external saphena, which extends from the foot along the calf of the leg, and finally joins the popliteal vein. Also saphena vein.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. vii. lvii. (1495) 271 The veyne whyche hight Saphena is vnder the ancle boon of the fote. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 177 Þer ben ij. oþer veynes in þe holow of þe foot withinne, & þat oon is clepid sophena, & þat oþer is clepid vena ventris. 1541Copland Guydon's Quest. Chirurg. K iij b, The sopheynes that are vpon the ancle. 1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 30/1 The second, Saphena, or mother vayne, we open on the insyde of the legge. 1656Blount Glossogr. s.v. Vein, Saphen vein (saphena), the mother Vein; the first branch of the thigh vein. 1693tr. Blancard's Phys. Dict. (ed. 2), Saphæna, the Vein of the Leg, or Crural Vein. 1813J. Thomson Lect. Inflam. 151 This..has of late years been often done by tying the saphena veins. 1846F. Brittan tr. Malgaigne's Man. Oper. Surg. 53 Bleeding in the Foot. The internal saphena vein may be opened in front of the internal maleolus, or the external saphena in front of the external maleolus. 1876tr. Wagner's Gen. Path. 198 The saphena can usually be distinctly felt.
b. attrib. in saphena nerve: see quot.
1849–52Todd's Cycl. Anat. IV. 1411 The internal saphena vein is accompanied, from the ankle to the knee, by the internal saphena nerve. |