| 释义 |
▪ I. blemish, v.|ˈblɛmɪʃ|
Forms: 4 blemyss, -iss, -ess, -ysch, -ysh, 4–5 blensch, blench, 5 blemissh, -esh, -ysch, 5–6 blemyssh(e, 6– blemish. pa. tense and pple. blemished, in 4 blemest(e, -yst, 5 blemschyd, 6– blemisht.
[a. OF. blemiss-, extended stem of blemir (also blesmir, blaismir, in Pr. blasmar, blesmar) to render livid or pale, f. blaisme, blesme, blême ‘livid, pale,’ of uncertain origin: see Diez, Littré. The syncopated forms blemschyd, blensch, caused partial confusion with blench: see senses 2, 5.]
†1. To hurt, damage, do physical damage or injury to, deface. Obs.
c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1421 Wine..Breyþed vppe in to his brayn & blemyst his mynde. c1350Will. Palerne 2471 Bihuld aboute on his bodi ȝif it blenched were. a1400Morte Arth. 2578 He þet es blemeste with þis brade brande. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxxiii. 249 Such holdes and castellys, as the Scottis by theyr warrys had blemysshed and apayred. Ibid. vii. 386 The towne of Boston was greatly blemysshed with fyre. 1571Digges Pantom. i. xxxv. L iij, Blemishing all the..lines..drawen with black lead or such like, that you maye easely put oute or rase awaye. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 129 He cut off his tail..Being demanded why he so blemished his beast, etc.
†2. To dim or darken (the eye-sight). Obs.
1440Promp. Parv. 39 Blenschyn [1499 blemysshen], obfusco. 1496Dives & Paup. (W. de W.) iv. x. 173 They blemysshe theyr eye in lokynge ayenst the sonne. 1526Pilg. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 297 My corporal eye..shall be blemysshed or derked by the reason of the lyght. 1677Lover's Quar. 82 The salt tears blemished his eye.
3. To mar, spoil, or injure the working of.
c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (1840) 14 Pité blemeshithe the swerd of rightewisnes. a1555Latimer Serm. & Rem. (1845) 261 Ye do blemish the annunciation of the Lords death till he come. 1625Sir H. Finch Law (1636) 338 That the people be not..troubled..nor the peace blemished. 1635Wentworth in Ellis Orig. Lett. ii. 276 III. 282 To overthrowe or at least to blemishe the proceedings. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. iii. 253 An expedient, which though blemished in the execution, was itself reasonable and prudent.
†b. To disconcert, put out. Cf. blench v.1 5.
1544Bale Chron. Sir J. Oldcastell in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) I. 264 At this, the archbishopp and hys companye were not a lytle blemyshed.
4. To impair or mar the beauty, soundness, or perfection of; to damage.
c1460Towneley Myst. 223 Alle blemyshed is thi ble. 1530Palsgr. 457/1, I blemysshe, I hynder or hurte the beautye of a person. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, i. ii. 128 These eyes could not endure yt beauties wrack, You should not blemish it, if I stood by. c1746Hervey Medit. & Contempl. I. 183 Without blemishing their Beauty, or altering their Nature.
b. To impair morally or ideally; to sully, stain, spoil.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 178 Coveitise of wickede preestis blemyshiþ hem. 1593Hooker Eccl. Pol. Pref. i. §3 Let not the faith..be blemished with partialities. 1660Boyle Seraph. Love 2 That the extraction of your freedom may no ways blemish it. 1735Oldys Raleigh Wks. 1829 I. 270 Nothing..that might blemish reputation. 1866Howells Venet. Life (1883) II. xx. 163 The admixture of ruffianism which blemishes most loafers.
c. To cast a slur upon, asperse, defame, discredit, disable. Obs. exc. in Law.
1414Brampton Penit. Ps. xlvii. 18 Ne with here tungys blemysch my name. 1593Bilson Govt. Christ's Ch. 394 To blemish and reproch so many. 1649Mrs. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1846) 341 Blemish not a man that is innocent. 1699Dryden To J. Driden 31 Not that my verse would blemish all the fair. 1715Burnet Own Time II. 331 Anything that would..blemish the management of the treasury. 1768Blackstone Comm. II. 291 Whether a man should be permitted to blemish himself, by pleading his own insanity.
†5. intr. To turn pale, change colour, blench. (Cf. mod.F. blêmir.) Obs. rare. Cf. blench v.2
1530Palsgr. 457/1, I blemysshe, I chaunge colour..Sawe you nat howe he blemysshed at it.
6. A hunting term: see quot. and cf. blemish n. 4.
1575Turberv. Venery 104 Blemishing against or over the slot or viewe of the deare. 1792W. Osbaldiston Brit. Sportsm., Blemish, a hunting term, used when the hounds or beagles, finding where the chase has been, make a proffer to enter but return.
▪ II. blemish, n.|ˈblɛmɪʃ|
Also 6 blemysh, bleamish(e.
[f. the vb.]
1. Physical defect or disfigurement; a stain. (Used spec. of the mark of injury to a horse, as the scar of a broken knee.)
1535Coverdale Tob. xi. 13 Then beganne the blemysh to go out of his eyes, like as it had bene the whyte szkynne of an egg. ― Lev. ix. 3 A calf and a shepe, both..without blemysh [Wyclif, wemme, wem; 1611 blemish]. 1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 97 Face spots, or blemishes, anoint with the iuice of the roots. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. iii. 34 Speaking thicke (which Nature made his blemish). 1718Freethinker No. 37. 270 One never sees the least Blemish of ink upon his Nails. 1827Hare Guesses Ser. ii. (1873) 500 Nothing hides a blemish so completely as cloth of gold.
2. transf. A defect, imperfection, flaw, in any object, matter, condition, or work.
1555Fardle Facions i. i. 23 A moste blessed life without bleamishe of wo. 1611Bible Pref. 8 Some imperfections and blemishes may be noted in the setting foorth of it. 1771Junius Lett. xlv. 244 The minor critic..hunts for blemishes. 1863H. Rogers J. Howe (ed. 2) Pref. 5 The work has now received a careful revision, and it is hoped that..such blemishes are removed. 1869J. Martineau Ess. II. 222 The divine light is without blemish.
3. fig. A moral defect or stain; a flaw, fault, blot, slur.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 64 A blemysshe, which semeth to disteyne all his vertues. 1580Baret Alv. B 796 A bleamishe in ones good name. 1598Barret Theor. Warres ii. i. 27 No blemish vnto any Gentleman to serue as a common souldier in the Captaines squadron. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. i. ii. 341 Ile giue no blemish to her Honor, none. 1656Bramhall Replic. i. 51 Some abuses are..rather blemishes than sinnes. 1859Tennyson Vivien 681 If they find Some stain or blemish in a name of note.
†4. Venery. (See quot.) Obs.
1575Turberv. Venery 94 The same huntsman shall go backe to his blemishes immediately. Ibid. 114 Blemishes..are the markes which are left to knowe where a deare hath gone in or out. 1627Taylor (Water P.) Wks. (1630) i. 93/1 Blemishes, Sewelling, Auant-laye, Allaye, Relaye..and a thousand more such Vtopian fragments of confused Gibberish. 1656in Blount Glossogr. 1721–90in Bailey. |