| 释义 |
saeter, setter|ˈseɪtə(r), ˈsɛtə(r)|
Also saater, sæter, saether, sater, seater, seter.
[ad. ON. sætr mountain pasture; cf. Norw. sæter, seter; Sw. säter. In sense 2 a directly from Norw.
In sense 1, the word in some examples may represent ON. setr a homestead, a residence (see esp. quot. 1931). The two are common formative elements in placenames of the Northern Isles, and cannot always be distinguished (see J. Jakobsen Etymol. Dict. Norn Lang. in Shetland (1932), s.v. seter).]
1. Shetland and Orkney. A meadow associated with a dwelling; a summer pasture in the out-field.
1576in D. Balfour Oppressions 16th Cent. in Orkney & Zetland (1859) 72 The said Magnus complenis upon the said Laird, that quhair he had ane steding, callit Sater, lying in Brassay, of four merk and ane half land..: nevertheless, quhen he had gottin bot ane ȝeiris crope thairoff, he put him furth of the same. c1772in A. C. O'Dell Historical Geogr. Shetland Islands (1939) ii. xi. 239 Feued property and udal comprehend the lands of Shetland of all denominations Setter-lands excepted. 1795Statistical Acct. Scotl. XIV. 321 As to our meadows, they are always called Seaters. Though I am little acquainted with the Norwegian language, I understand a Seater to be a place for maintaining milch cows; and these Seaters are to this moment properly adapted for it. 1822S. Hibbert Descr. Shetland Isles 427 In the ancient Shetland language, the green pasturage attached to a dwelling was named a Setter or Seater. 1931Proc. Orkney Antiquarian Soc. IX. 27/2 Just beyond the Wideford Burn..lies the three-farthing land, skatland, of Grymesetter. Next adjacent lies the ‘quoyland’ of Grymesquoy... Both names point to an original farmer Grímr. He apparently settled there on a ‘setter’ just before skat was imposed on the Orkney lands. 1939A. C. O'Dell Historical Geogr. Shetland Islands ii. xi. 246 The ‘Setter Lands’, or areas settled since Norwegian times, as revealed by a MSS Scatt Rental of 1824 have been mapped, and the distribution reveals mainly an intensification in the Norwegian settlement [over that of the Merk Lands]. 1952H. Marwick Orkney Farm-Names iii. 229 In Orkney..there is no evidence of sæters, and accordingly in the present work no derivation [of farm-names] from sætr is suggested.
2. a. In Scandinavia, a mountain pasture where cattle remain during the summer months. Also attrib.
1799Malthus Diary 9 July (1966) 132 His cows are now gone to pasture on the mountains—to Saaters, as they seem to call it. 1841H. Martineau Feats on Fiord vi. 161 The mountain pasture belonging to a farm is called its Seater. 1882Lees & Clutterbuck Three in Norway 56 This sæter is in a most beautiful situation, perched on a little flat bit of ground on the mountain side. 1924Contemp. Rev. Feb. 236 Part of a herd of sixty or seventy..had wandered down from the fjeld into the saether. 1940J. Buchan Memory Hold-the-Door viii. 191, I do not mean the Swiss alp or the Norwegian saeter pasture, for these are on too large a scale. 1968G. Jones Hist. Vikings ii. ii. 82 Increasingly the husbandman came to have his own upland grazing, his seter (seter, Swedish såter). Sometimes the seter was of a permanent nature.
b. A mountain dairy or farm on such a pasture.
1923G. F. Barbour Life Alex. Whyte xxii. 451 He and Dr. Sutherland Black..drove seventy miles up the Saetersdal..picnicked for several days in a fishing ‘saeter’. 1926Public Opinion 25 June 585/2 Mountain farms were being turned into saeters. 1931Hardy's Anglers' Guide 42 The angler taking up his quarters at a small farm or ‘saeter’. 1955M. E. B. Banks Commando Climber vi. 106 The local farmer and his wife in a neighbouring saeter..always moved about their wooded farm on skis. |