| 释义 |
ruthenium|ruːˈθiːnɪəm|
[f. med.L. Ruthenia Russia (having been first noticed in platinum ores from the Ural Mountains) + -ium.]
a. A metal of the platinum group, discovered and named by Osann in 1828, but first isolated by Claus in 1845. Chem. symbol Ru.
1848Fownes Chem. (ed. 2) 343 Ruthenium. M. Claus has described under this name a new metal contained in the residue from crude platinum. 1854Orr's Circ. Sci., Chem. 516 Ruthenium very much resembles iridium. 1880E. Cleminshaw Wurtz' Atom. The. 222 The compounds which are called sesquichloride of osmium and ruthenium.
attrib.1849D. Campbell Inorg. Chem. 252 The residue contains the ruthenium compound. Ibid. 257 While the ruthenium salt is in the retort. 1876Encycl. Brit. V. 537/1 Ruthenium tetroxide, RuO4, is a golden-yellow crystalline substance, sparingly soluble in water.
b. ruthenium red, an intensely coloured red mixed-valence complex salt of ruthenium, [(NH3)5RuiiiORuiv(NH3)4ORuiii(NH3)5]Cl6, obtained by air oxidation of a solution containing ammonia and ruthenium (iii) chloride, and employed as a microscopic stain.
1912Chem. Abstr. VI. 297 (heading) Differentiation of natural textiles and artificial silks by means of ruthenium red. 1950N. V. Sidgwick Chem. Elements II. 1472 The colour of ruthenium red itself can be detected in solutions more dilute than one in a million. 1978Sci. Amer. Jan. 86 (caption) In both preparations the cells were stained with ruthenium red, which is taken up by any polysaccharide glycocalyx fibers that are present. |